P. J. Turnbaugh

Effects of long-term high dose aspartame on body mass, bone strength, femoral geometry, and microbiota composition in a young and aged cohort of male and female mice

A diet-dependent host metabolite shapes the gut microbiota to protect from autoimmunity

This study shows that a ketogenic diet reduces autoimmune disease in mice by altering host metabolism and shaping gut microbiota, specifically through β-hydroxybutyrate and Lactobacillus species.

Microbiome single cell atlases generated with a commercial instrument

The paper introduces EASi-seq, a method for single-cell sequencing of microbes using a commercial platform, enabling detailed microbiome atlases and improved bioinformatic analysis.

Mild SARS-CoV-2 infection results in long-lasting microbiota instability

This study shows that mild SARS-CoV-2 infection causes long-term gut microbiota instability in both humans and mice, with Omicron variant also disrupting microbial communities despite causing milder symptoms.

The global anaerobic metabolism regulator fnr is necessary for the degradation of food dyes and drugs by Escherichia coli

This paper shows that the FNR regulator in E. coli is essential for azo bond degradation in the gut, influenced by oxygen and cysteine levels.

Human gut Actinobacteria boost drug absorption by secreting P-glycoprotein ATPase inhibitors

The gut bacterium Eggerthella lenta secretes inhibitors of P-glycoprotein ATPase activity, accelerating drug absorption.

Systems biology illuminates alternative metabolic niches in the human gut microbiome

This study identifies the metabolic niche of Eggerthella lenta in the human gut by combining experimental and computational approaches, revealing its use of acetate and arginine catabolism.

Synthetic glycans that control gut microbiome structure mitigate colitis in mice

The paper describes synthetic glycans that alter gut microbiome structure and reduce colitis in mice by selectively affecting bacterial growth and metabolism.

Phage-delivered CRISPR-Cas9 for strain-specific depletion and genomic deletions in the gut microbiome

This study uses phage-delivered CRISPR-Cas9 to deplete specific E. coli strains and induce genomic deletions in the gut microbiome of mice.

Human gut bacteria produce TH17-modulating bile acid metabolites

This study identifies human gut bacteria that produce TH17-modulating bile acid metabolites, showing reduced levels in IBD patients.

Differences in the gut microbiomes of distinct ethnicities within the same geographic area are linked to host metabolic health

The paper compares gut microbiomes of East Asian and White individuals in the same geographic area, finding ethnic differences linked to metabolic health and independent of diet.

A diet-dependent enzyme from the human gut microbiome promotes Th17 cell accumulation and colitis

Bacterial metabolism rescues the inhibition of intestinal drug absorption by food and drug additives

The paper identifies food and drug additives that inhibit intestinal drug transporters and shows gut bacteria can inactivate these additives, reducing their inhibitory effect.

A widely distributed metalloenzyme class enables gut microbial metabolism of host- and diet-derived catechols

The paper identifies a molybdenum-dependent enzyme in gut bacteria that dehydroxylates catechols, revealing its role in microbial metabolism and broader ecological relevance.

Perturbation of the human gut microbiome by a non-antibiotic drug contributes to the resolution of autoimmune disease

This study shows that methotrexate, a non-antibiotic drug, alters the human gut microbiota, favoring Firmicutes over Bacteroidetes, which correlates with improved drug response in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Diet induces reproducible alterations in the mouse and human gut microbiome

This study identifies reproducible gut microbiome changes induced by a high-fat diet in mice and shows that a machine learning model can predict dietary intake in mice and humans.

Megaphage infect Prevotella and variants are widespread in gut microbiomes

The paper identifies large phage (Lak phage) in gut microbiomes that infect Prevotella and are widespread, especially in developing-world individuals.