Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria

Repurposing antiviral drugs as a new avenue for Klebsiella pneumoniae decolonization

This study identifies antiviral drugs with anti-Klebsiella pneumoniae activity, showing strain-specific effects and resistance mechanisms, suggesting their potential for gut decolonization.

Identification of antibiotic resistance genes in fecal microbiota selected donors during the establishment of a biobank in the south of Brazil

The paper establishes a fecal microbiota biobank in southern Brazil and evaluates metagenomic sequencing for donor safety assessment, identifying antibiotic resistance genes in selected donors.

Rapid classification of β-lactamase activity through AI-based structure prediction and electric field analysis

This study develops a computational method to estimate β-lactamase activity against carbapenems using AI-based structure prediction and electric field analysis, achieving strong correlation with experimental data.

Using population-level whole-genome sequencing to profile colistin resistance evolution dynamics in diverse clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa lineages

The paper uses population-level whole-genome sequencing to study colistin resistance evolution in diverse Pseudomonas aeruginosa lineages under increasing colistin pressure.

Antimicrobial resistance at the animal / environment interface: phenotypic detection and persistence of ESBL and carbapenemase producing Enterobacterales in Irish cattle systems

This study detects and tracks antimicrobial resistance in Irish cattle systems, showing ESBL and CPE bacteria persist in slurry for up to nine months.

Nanopore metagenomic sequencing links clinically relevant resistance determinants to pathogens

This paper develops a method to link plasmid-encoded AMR genes to their bacterial hosts using nanopore sequencing methylation data, achieving high accuracy in clinical samples.

Development and evaluation of a core genome multi-locus sequence typing scheme for the Enterobacter cloacae complex

The paper develops and evaluates a cgMLST scheme for the Enterobacter cloacae complex using whole genome sequencing data to improve surveillance of ECC species.

A panel of genotypically and phenotypically characterised WHO priority Gram-negative bacteria to facilitate antimicrobial and diagnostic development

The paper constructs five panels of clinically relevant Gram-negative bacterial isolates to support antimicrobial and diagnostic development.

Collateral Sensitivity Strongly Connected Components in Real-World Clinical Surveillance Data Are Confounded by Clonal Lineage

The paper tests for collateral sensitivity SCCs in clinical data and finds the association is confounded by clonal lineage, not true biological interaction.

Diverse transcriptomic effects of evolved imipenem-relebactam resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

This study examines the transcriptomic changes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates before and after Imi/Rel treatment, finding diverse gene expression responses across patients.

Insight into the mechanism of molecular interactions of the NDM metallo-beta-lactamase and cyclic boronate inhibition by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations

This study uses molecular docking and dynamics simulations to analyze how cyclic boronate inhibitors bind to NDM1, showing they are more stable than carbapenems and their monocyclic counterparts.

Phenotypic Characterization of OXA-439, an OXA-163 variant, isolated from uropathogenic Escherichia coli

The paper characterizes OXA-439, a variant of OXA-163, showing its resistance profile and the impact of a Y123H substitution on enzyme activity.

Auranofin shows bactericidal activity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by targeting thiol homeostasis

This study identifies auranofin as a bactericidal agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa by targeting thiol homeostasis, highlighting the value of overcoming efflux barriers to discover new antibiotics.

Genomic Insights into Multi-Drug-Resistant, Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from an Infertile Woman: A Comprehensive Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Factors

This study analyzes the genome of a multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain to identify resistance mechanisms and virulence factors.

Cryptic Genes as Building Blocks of Antimicrobial Resistance: Evidence from a Novel Marine Imipenem-Hydrolyzing Metallo-β-Lactamase

The paper identifies a novel cryptic metallo-beta-lactamase gene in a marine bacterium that hydrolyzes imipenem, highlighting its potential role in antimicrobial resistance.

Two IncHI1 megaplasmids in Klebsiella species reveal transposable-element-mediated blaIMP-1 mobilisation

This study identifies two IncHI1 megaplasmids in Klebsiella species carrying blaIMP-1, showing transposable element-mediated mobilisation and conjugative transfer.

pH-Dependent Evolution of Delafloxacin and Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa from cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-CF-patients

This study compares resistance development to delafloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa under acidic and neutral pH conditions, finding a higher genetic barrier to resistance for delafloxacin but potential cross-resistance to ciprofloxacin.

Fitness costs of antibiotic resistance mutations in rich media do not reliably predict those in infection-like environments

The study shows that fitness costs of antibiotic resistance mutations in rich media do not reliably predict their costs in infection-like environments, with increased costs in lung-mimicking media and reduced prevalence in urinary tract-mimicking media.

Transposon insertion sequencing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa identifies multiple intersecting pathways essential for extreme colistin resistance

This study identifies 13 genes essential for extreme colistin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa using transposon insertion sequencing and validates novel pathways contributing to resistance.

Development of a highly-sensitive method to detect the carriage of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in humans

This paper develops a highly-sensitive method to detect CRPA carriage in humans using optimized enrichment broths and selective agar plates, suitable for low-resource settings.

K-MARVEL: K-Mer based Antimicrobial Resistance Virtual Exploration Lab

K-MARVEL is a computational tool that accurately identifies antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations from short and long-read sequencing data, outperforming existing methods in speed and accuracy.

Learning and forecasting shared evolutionary pathways to multi-drug resistance across global pathogens

The paper uses evolutionary accumulation modelling to infer and forecast shared evolutionary pathways to multi-drug resistance across global pathogens.

A transition state-like acylenzyme conformation distinguishes carbapenemase activity in class A β-lactamases

This study uses molecular dynamics simulations to identify structural features distinguishing carbapenemase activity in class A β-lactamases.

Genome-Wide in silico analysis reveals activation of a silent resistome driving imipenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The paper identifies accessory genes and network interactions that activate resistance genes in imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.

Widespread occurrence of ampicillin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus lactis clinical isolates with low MICs to cephalosporins from Spain and Portugal

The paper investigates the prevalence of ampicillin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium and E. lactis isolates with low cephalosporin MICs in Spain and Portugal, finding widespread occurrence and diverse genetic factors.

Specific exclusion of conjugative plasmids from the gut microflora

The paper engineers a probiotic plasmid using exclusion genes from AMR plasmids to block their spread in the gut, showing effectiveness in vitro and in mice.

DISRUPTION OF A DNA REPAIR PROTEIN PROMOTES ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII

This study identifies disruption of the DNA repair protein RuvB as a mechanism promoting minocycline resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii through enhanced biofilm formation and extracellular DNA accumulation.

OXA-181 transmission confounded by a stable IncX3 plasmid

This study analyzes the spread of blaOXA-181-producing bacteria in Australia, finding that the IncX3 plasmid is highly stable with minimal genetic variation, suggesting that genomic similarity does not necessarily indicate recent transmission.

Genome-resolved surveillance of African Klebsiella oxytoca species complex genomes reveals resistome-mobilome and biosynthetic gene cluster diversity

The paper analyzes African Klebsiella oxytoca species complex genomes to characterize genomic diversity, resistance, and biosynthetic gene clusters across multiple species.

Genomic Context as a Predictor of Multidrug Resistance in African Klebsiella pneumoniae: A Feasibility Study with Leave-One-Country-Out Validation

The paper evaluates genomic predictors of multidrug resistance in African Klebsiella pneumoniae using leave-one-country-out validation, finding geographic generalization gaps in predictive models.