Child Abuse and Trauma

Neurophysiological excitation/inhibition imbalance in young adults burdened with childhood interpersonal trauma

This study finds that young adults with childhood trauma show increased cortical excitation and reduced inhibition in resting and task states, independent of current mental health.

Corticolimbic structure-function coupling is sensitive to childhood adversity and buffers adversity-related symptoms during development

This study examines how childhood adversity affects structure-function coupling in corticolimbic circuits and its role in buffering internalizing symptoms during development.

Faster adult implicit probabilistic statistical learning following childhood adversity

The paper investigates how childhood adversity affects implicit statistical learning speed and finds that greater adversity exposure correlates with faster learning, while lower socio-economic status is linked to poorer performance.

Childhood Maltreatment and Deviations from Normative Brain Structure: Results from 3,711 Individuals from the ENIGMA MDD and ENIGMA PTSD

The paper examines how childhood maltreatment affects brain structure in 3,711 individuals with MDD and PTSD, finding age- and sex-specific brain morphometric differences.

Similarity in Early Life Stress Exposure is Associated with Similarity in Neural Representations in Early Adulthood

The paper examines how similarity in early life stress exposure correlates with neural representations and task performance in early adulthood using longitudinal data and representational similarity analysis.

Gray matter correlates of childhood maltreatment: searching for replicability in a multi-cohort brain-wide association study

This study investigates the replicability of gray matter correlates of childhood maltreatment across three cohorts and finds no significant replication after controlling for depression.

Sex-specific effects of early life unpredictability on hippocampal and amygdala responses to novelty in adolescents

This study examines how early-life unpredictability affects hippocampal and amygdala responses to novelty in adolescents, finding sex-specific differences in brain activation and functional connectivity.

Early life adversity and White Matter Microstructural Organization - a systematic review.

This systematic review identifies white matter microstructural alterations in adults exposed to early life adversity using tract-based spatial statistics.

Reduced discrimination between signals of danger and safety but not overgeneralization is linked to exposure to childhood adversity in healthy adults

The paper examines how childhood adversity affects threat learning in healthy adults, finding reduced discrimination between danger and safety signals but not overgeneralization.

Evidence of microglial involvement in the childhood abuse-associated increase in perineuronal nets in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex

The paper investigates how childhood abuse affects microglial markers and perineuronal nets in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex of individuals who died by suicide.

Dimensions of early life adversity are differentially associated with patterns of delayed and accelerated brain maturation

The paper examines how different types of early-life adversity relate to brain age gaps in children, finding some types are linked to younger-looking brains and others to older-looking brains.

Cognitive reappraisal and corresponding neural basis mediate the association between childhood maltreatment and depression

The paper investigates how childhood maltreatment relates to depression through cognitive reappraisal and its neural correlates, finding mediation effects and altered brain activity patterns.

Resilient functioning is associated with altered structural brain network topology in adolescents exposed to childhood adversity.

The paper investigates how resilient functioning in adolescents exposed to childhood adversity relates to structural brain network topology, finding lower nodal degree in specific brain regions associated with higher resilience.

Effects of parental verbal abuse experience on the Glutamate response to swear words in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex: A functional H1-magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

The paper investigates how parental verbal abuse affects glutamate responses to swear words in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex using fMRS in healthy adults.

Interpersonal early adversity demonstrates dissimilarity from early socioeconomic disadvantage in the course of human brain development: A meta-analysis

This study compares the effects of interpersonal early adversity and socioeconomic disadvantage on brain development using a large meta-analysis of 27,234 youth.

Genetic and early environmental predictors of adulthood self-reports of trauma

This study investigates how genetic and early environmental factors influence retrospective self-reports of childhood trauma and their association with psychopathology risk.

Child abuse associates with increased recruitment of perineuronal nets in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex: a possible implication of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells

This study shows that child abuse is linked to increased perineuronal net recruitment in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, potentially through oligodendrocyte progenitor cell activity.

Fatty acid dysregulation in the anterior cingulate cortex of depressed suicides with a history of child abuse

This study compares fatty acid concentrations in the anterior cingulate cortex of depressed suicides with and without a history of child abuse, finding age-related decreases and specific effects of child abuse on arachidonic acid synthesis pathway FAs.

Early life stress is associated with earlier emergence of permanent molars

The paper shows that early life stress, measured by family income and adverse childhood experiences, is linked to earlier eruption of permanent molars in children.

Serotonin and childhood maltreatment interact to shape brain architecture and anxious avoidant behavior, a TPH2 imaging genetics approach

The paper investigates how serotonin and childhood maltreatment interact to affect brain structure and anxious avoidant behavior using a TPH2 imaging genetics approach in humans.

Biological Aging in Childhood and Adolescence Following Experiences of Threat and Deprivation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This study meta-analyzes 46 studies to find that early-life adversity involving threat accelerates biological aging, while deprivation and low SES do not.

Associations of adverse lifetime experiences with brain structure in 7003 UK Biobank participants

This study examines the link between childhood and adult adversity and brain structure in 7003 UK Biobank participants, finding associations between childhood adversity and reduced grey matter in specific brain regions.

Adverse childhood experiences in families with multiple members diagnosed to have psychiatric illnesses

The paper examines the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the age of onset of psychiatric diagnoses in individuals from families with multiple affected members.

Genomic Influences on Self-Reported Childhood Maltreatment

This study identifies genetic variants associated with self-reported childhood maltreatment and finds significant genetic correlations with depressive symptoms.

Early maltreatment experience increases resting-state functional connectivity in thetheory of mind (ToM) network

This study finds that childhood maltreatment is associated with increased resting-state functional connectivity in theory-of-mind network regions in adult women.

Microstructural integrity of white matter moderates an association between childhood adversity and adult trait anger

The paper examines how white matter microstructural integrity moderates the link between childhood adversity and adult trait anger using diffusion MRI data.

Corticolimbic circuit structure moderates an association between early life stress and later trait anxiety

The paper examines how structural features of the corticolimbic circuit moderate the link between childhood adversity and trait anxiety in young adults.

Early Life Trauma Predicts Affective Phenomenology and the Effects are Partly Mediated by Staging Coupled with Lowered Lipid-Associated Antioxidant Defences.

This study finds that early life trauma is linked to increased risk of mood and anxiety disorders and more severe affective symptoms, partly mediated by staging and lowered antioxidant defenses.