Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

This study examines region-specific glial activation and Aquaporin-4 dysregulation in two mouse models of TDP-43 proteinopathies, revealing distinct neuroinflammatory patterns and potential implications for disease mechanisms.

This study shows that TREM2 and APOE do not affect microglia phagocytosis of dying neurons in live mouse brains, but TREM2 influences microglia migration near amyloid plaques.

The paper investigates sex differences in microglial transcriptomes in 5xFAD mice, finding that sex, not estrous cycle stage, drives these differences with female microglia showing distinct gene expression patterns.

This study identifies a Draper/Ninjurin A pathway that mediates glial immune responses to nerve injury in Drosophila, promoting debris clearance and morphological changes.

This study shows that MS4A4A and MS4A6A negatively regulate TREM2 and microglial function in Alzheimer's disease, suggesting they are potential drug targets.

This study identifies lesion-remote astrocytes (LRAs) that drive microglia-mediated white matter repair after spinal cord injury through Ccn1-dependent mechanisms.

The paper investigates how AD risk variants in CD33 and SPI1 affect monocyte function in response to amyloid-beta, showing reduced phagocytosis and TREM2 loss.

The paper identifies development-specific microglial populations in the mouse retina using single-cell RNA-seq and validates their roles in retinal development.

This study shows that microglial mitochondria change with brain region, aging, and inflammation, affecting gene expression and morphology.

The paper shows that microglial processes involved in surveillance, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis lack mitochondria, while mitochondria arrive later in response to damage.

The paper identifies a novel myeloid cell population in the zebrafish brain with a gene signature similar to mammalian dendritic cells using single-cell transcriptomics.

The paper tracks monocyte infiltration and phenotypic changes in a rat epilepsy model, showing they adopt a microglia-like phenotype and sustain low-grade inflammation during chronic epilepsy.

The paper describes the generation of a tamoxifen-inducible Cre driver rat for microglial transgene expression and validates its specificity and functionality.

This study identifies genetic regulators of microglial inflammation in Alzheimer's disease using CRISPRi screens and scRNA-seq, revealing key genes that modulate inflammatory states and disease-relevant clusters.

The paper identifies microglial states and activation genes in aging and parabiosis, revealing region-specific responses and vulnerabilities in the brain.

As48 is a small molecule that activates TREM2 and inhibits its shedding, offering a dual mechanism to enhance microglial function in Alzheimer's disease.

This study shows that microglial extracellular vesicles deliver C1q to presynaptic sites, promoting synaptic pruning and linking vesicle release to synaptic remodeling.

The paper investigates age-related changes in cerebellar microglia using single-nuclei RNA sequencing and MERFISH, finding enhanced neuroprotective immune activation and proximity to granule cells in aged mice.

This study shows that GCase deficiency in microglia leads to metabolic changes and ATP depletion, impairing their neuroprotective functions and increasing neuronal vulnerability in Parkinson's disease.

This study identifies GPR34 as a regulator of microglial amyloid β fibril uptake, showing that its agonist enhances fibril clearance and that its expression declines with age and AD progression.

This paper identifies first-in-class small molecule agonists of TREM2 through DEL screening, validates their binding and function, and suggests a novel activation mechanism.

This study shows that knocking out Perilipin 2 in microglia reduces lipid droplet accumulation, enhances phagocytosis, and alters metabolic responses to Alzheimer's disease stimuli.

This study shows ethanol exposure in a human iPSC-derived triculture model increases TREM2 expression and soluble TREM2 through alternative splicing, suggesting a link to neuroimmune dysregulation in alcohol use disorders.

The paper shows that HMC3 cells are more astrocyte-like than microglia-like, suggesting they are not a reliable microglia model.

This study identifies astrocyte-specific gene and pathway changes in the nucleus accumbens during alcohol dependence using RNA-Seq and TRAP, revealing distinct immune activation patterns compared to ethanol drinking.

This study shows that inhibiting CSF1R in male MIA offspring improves sociability and memory, while female offspring show no improvement, highlighting sex-specific therapeutic potential.

This study investigates microglial metabolism and its impact on neuronal metabolism using isotope tracing and GC-MS, revealing novel metabolic functions and interactions.

This study shows that proinflammatory microglia contribute to neuronal death and hyperkatifeia during prolonged abstinence from binge alcohol in mice.

The paper shows radial astroglia form scyllate heads to surround dying neurons during zebrafish optic tectum development, with microglia later removing their contents.

This study shows NDR2 kinase is essential for microglial metabolic adaptation to high glucose and inflammatory responses, with implications for diabetic retinopathy.