HIV Research and Treatment

This study shows that fusing C3d to HIV-1 Env immunogens enhances germinal center responses and improves vaccine immunogenicity.

This paper introduces a high-content imaging assay to quantify HIV-1 infectivity using modified osteosarcoma cells, enabling rapid and consistent evaluation of viral replication dynamics.

This study identifies PADI4-mediated histone H3 citrullination as a mechanism that promotes HIV-1 transcription and reduces latency by altering chromatin structure.

This study investigates how HIV-1 Nef's ability to downregulate MHC-I affects the size of the replication-competent viral reservoir in South African women on ART, finding a significant association between MHC-I downregulation and reservoir size.

This study analyzes Vpu gene sequences from HIV and SIV to classify them into four types and infer their evolutionary origins and divergence.

This study shows that a single immunization with a germline-targeting trimer can induce broad HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies in a rhesus macaque bnAb mouse model.

This study shows that HIV-1 Env proteins induce CXCR4 clustering on T cells, which is linked to infection, and highlights the importance of co-receptor spatial organization in viral entry.

The paper shows HIV Vpr degrades CCDC137 via a nucleolar ATR pathway, causing nucleolar stress and ribosome biogenesis repression, independent of G2/M arrest.

This study shows HIV-1 enters primary CD4+ T cells via macropinocytosis, a process that can be inhibited to block viral entry and infection.

This study shows combining a RhCMV/SIV vaccine with neutralizing antibodies enhances protection against SIV challenge in rhesus macaques.

This study shows that transient glycan deletions in SHIVs can induce CD4-binding site broadly neutralizing antibodies in macaques, offering a model for HIV vaccine design.

The paper uses scRNA-seq to show that monocyte IL1B expression inversely correlates with HIV-1 reservoir size in ART-treated individuals.

This study shows SAMHD1 enhances HIV-1-induced apoptosis in monocytic cells through the mitochondrial pathway by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential and promoting cytochrome c release.

This study compares bnAb precursor responses in infant and juvenile rhesus macaques after germline-targeting HIV Env immunization, finding higher rates in infants.

This study identifies a mechanism by which Gag ubiquitination enhances ALIX-mediated vRNA packaging in lentiviral assembly, counteracted by USP8 deubiquitination.

The paper examines HIV-1 envelopes from persistent plasma virus on ART, finding reduced autologous Ig neutralization and variable sensitivity to broadly neutralizing mAbs.

This study characterizes APOBEC5 as a novel AID/APOBEC family member in marsupials, showing it functions as an antiviral DNA mutator similar to APOBEC3 in placental mammals.

This study visualizes the conformational changes of the HIV-1 fusion peptide during CD4-induced Env opening, showing it remains antibody accessible despite Env opening.

This study compares neutralization profiles of contemporary HIV-1 clade C viruses from India and South Africa against broadly neutralizing antibodies, finding distinct resistance patterns and env signatures.

This study shows that PFV Gag protein interacts with mitotic chromatin, and altered binding affects integration site selection and infectivity.

This study shows that variations in Rev-RRE activity affect HIV-1 replication and latency reactivation, suggesting it could be a target for cure strategies.

This study identifies the decameric repeat (DR) of PSGL-1 as an essential antiviral unit that restricts HIV-1 infectivity by hindering virion attachment to target cells.

This study engineers an HIV broadly neutralizing antibody to improve its potency, antiviral activity, and manufacturability while maintaining safety and efficacy.

This study shows that an ordered mature MA lattice is not required for HIV-1 infectivity, as a triple mutant lacking this structure remains infectious.

This study uses machine learning and interpretable AI to identify HIV-associated gene expression biomarkers from immune cell data, finding seven co-expression modules and ten hub genes with high diagnostic accuracy.

This study shows HIV infection in microglia induces cellular senescence similar to normal aging, with p53 pathway activation and inflammatory gene upregulation, suggesting senescence pathways as therapeutic targets for HAND.

The paper identifies B cell priming as the main obstacle to developing HIV-1 V2 apex broadly neutralizing antibodies in SHIV-infected macaques.

This study shows chronic nicotine improves cognitive tasks and reduces neuroinflammation in a gp120 transgenic mouse model of HIV.

The paper presents a nanodisc platform for assembling transmembrane glycoproteins into vaccine candidates, demonstrating its utility in HIV vaccine development through structural and functional analyses.