Peter James Turnbaugh

Inhibitors of gut bacterial L-dopa decarboxylation with reduced susceptibility to host metabolism

This paper develops AFMT analogs that inhibit gut bacterial L-dopa decarboxylases while reducing susceptibility to host metabolism.

Shifts in the human gut microbiome during cancer chemotherapy are diet-dependent

This study shows diet changes during cancer chemotherapy affect gut microbiome composition and diversity, with specific nutrients linked to microbial shifts and toxicity.

Eggerthella lenta evades bacteriophage through reversible megabase-scale inversions of capsular polysaccharide gene clusters

This study identifies a phage-resistant sub-population of Eggerthella lenta in mice, linked to reversible genomic inversions and altered capsule production.

A widespread gut bacterial lineage distinguished by redox metabolism and phage defense

The paper isolates and analyzes E. lenta genomes, revealing a distinct lineage associated with inflammation and highlighting its population structure and functional diversity.

Multi-cohort Analysis Reveals Microbiome Signatures Associated with Drug Response in New-Onset Rheumatoid Arthritis

The paper analyzes microbiome data from multiple cohorts to identify consistent signatures associated with methotrexate response in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Female-enriched Eggerthella lenta drives neuroinflammation and IFN-γ via host receptor TLR2

The paper identifies a female-enriched gut bacterium, Eggerthella lenta, that drives neuroinflammation and IFN-γ via TLR2 in autoimmune disease models.

Coordinated variation in the immune systems and microbiomes of healthy humans is linked to tonic interferon states

The paper identifies coordinated variation between immune systems and microbiomes in healthy humans, linking it to tonic interferon states.

A20's Linear Ubiquitin Binding Motif Restrains Pathogenic Activation of TH17/22 cells and IL-22 Driven Enteritis

This study shows that A20's M1 ubiquitin binding motif suppresses TH17/22 cell activation and IL-22-driven enteritis by regulating RORγt and epigenetic changes in T cells.

The gut microbiome shapes pharmacology and treatment outcomes for a key anti-inflammatory therapy

This study shows that the gut microbiome affects methotrexate pharmacology in mice and contributes to interindividual variation in drug metabolism and treatment outcomes.

Comprehensive Cross-Domain Taxonomic Classification of Microbiotas using Partitioned Amplification Multiplexed Amplicon Sequencing (PAMA-seq)

The paper introduces PAMA-seq, a method for cross-domain microbial taxonomic profiling, validated on synthetic and real samples, showing improved accuracy and efficiency over existing methods.

Human xenobiotic metabolism proteins have full-length and split homologs in the gut microbiome

The paper identifies full-length and split homologs of human xenobiotic metabolism proteins in the gut microbiome, revealing their roles in drug metabolism and highlighting potential implications for microbial contributions to xenobiotic processing.

Gut bacterial lactate stimulates lung epithelial mitochondria and exacerbates acute lung injury

This study shows gut bacteria produce lactate that increases lung epithelial mitochondrial activity and worsens acute lung injury.

Expansion of a bacterial operon during cancer treatment ameliorates drug toxicity

The paper shows that a bacterial operon in the gut microbiome can reduce drug toxicity during cancer treatment by inactivating 5-fluorouracil.

A novel in silico method employs chemical and protein similarity algorithms to accurately identify chemical transformations in the human gut microbiome

The Genetic Basis for the Cooperative Bioactivation of Plant Lignans by a Human Gut Bacterial Consortium

The paper identifies the genetic basis for the cooperative bioactivation of plant lignans by a human gut bacterial consortium, revealing a complete metabolic pathway in most human gut microbiomes.

Combining 16S rRNA gene variable regions enables high-resolution microbial community profiling

This paper introduces SMURF, a method to combine 16S rRNA gene sequencing from multiple regions to improve microbial community resolution.