Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria

Conjugation structures plasmid populations through host-lineage restriction

The paper quantifies host-lineage restriction of plasmid backbones in E. coli isolates and shows how this restriction structures plasmid co-occurrence.

High-resolution species delimitation in Acinetobacter baumannii using a novel Core-Gene Consensus Delimitation approach

This study introduces a novel Core-Gene Consensus Delimitation (CGCD) method to define species in Acinetobacter baumannii, identifying 11 distinct groups supported by genomic and phylogenetic analyses.

In vitro exposure to non-antipseudomonal antibiotics (NAPA) induces Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance to antipseudomonal antibiotics (APA)

This study shows that subinhibitory exposure to non-antipseudomonal antibiotics selects for heritable multidrug resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa through convergent mutations in regulatory genes.

Proton motive force mediated efflux mismatch drives gentamycin-novobiocin collateral sensitivity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

This study identifies a PMF-efflux mismatch mechanism causing collateral sensitivity between gentamycin and novobiocin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa through genomic and transcriptomic analysis.

AMRgen: an R package for antimicrobial resistance genotype-phenotype analysis

AMRgen is an R package that links antimicrobial resistance genotypes to phenotypes through data harmonization, analysis, and visualization, using surveillance data from priority pathogens.

Expanding Threat of Carbapenemase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Peru: Genomic and Phenotypic Evidence of High-Risk Clones Dissemination

This study identifies high-risk carbapenemase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae clones in Peru through genomic and phenotypic analysis, highlighting the spread of NDM and KPC variants.

Discovery of novel antimicrobial resistance genes in food and fertiliser using a high-throughput gene capture and functional screening platform

This study identifies novel antimicrobial resistance genes in environmental samples using a gene capture and functional screening platform.

Emergence of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae ST111 with a novel virulence plasmid causing pyogenic liver abscess

This study identifies a novel hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae ST111 strain with a unique virulence plasmid causing pyogenic liver abscess, highlighting non-canonical lineages as potential sources of emerging virulence.

Hydrogen-bonding changes cause differences in imipenem breakdown activity in OXA-48 variants

This study identifies how hydrogen-bonding changes in OXA-48 variants affect imipenem hydrolysis efficiency and resistance.

Efflux Pump Activation Confers Mupirocin Resistance and Enhances Rhizosphere Fitness in Pseudomonas

This paper identifies a novel mupirocin resistance mechanism in Pseudomonas viciae via EmhR SNPs that derepress the RND efflux pump, leading to increased MIC and ecological fitness advantages.

Replicative selfish genetic elements are driving rapid pathogenic adaptation of Enterococcus faecium

This study identifies ISL3 elements as drivers of rapid genomic evolution in E. faecium, enabling metabolic adaptation in clinical settings through structural variation and gene regulation.

Integrated Resistome and Quantitative Proteomics Reveal Coordinated Resistance Architecture in MDR and XDR Gram-Negative ICU Pathogens

This study integrates resistome and proteomic data to reveal coordinated resistance mechanisms in MDR and XDR Gram-negative ICU pathogens.

Structural mechanisms of pump assembly and drug transport in the AcrAB-TolC efflux system

The paper reports cryo-EM structures of the AcrAB-TolC efflux system in E. coli, revealing the role of YbjP in TolC positioning and drug transport.

Acyl-enzyme dynamics, tautomerisation and hydration regulate turnover of carbapenem antibiotics by the OXA-48 β-lactamase

This study investigates how acyl-enzyme tautomerisation, dynamics, and hydration affect carbapenem antibiotic turnover by OXA-48 β-lactamase using X-ray crystallography and molecular dynamics simulations.

Bacterial strain structure shapes the trajectory of antibiotic resistance genes from plasmid to chromosome

This study shows that bacterial population structure influences the transient dominance of plasmid-borne antibiotic resistance genes over chromosomal integration.

Genomic characterization of Escherichia coli and Enterobacter hormaechei clinical isolates from a tertiary healthcare facility in Kenya

This study characterizes antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli and E. hormaechei clinical isolates from Kenya, identifying high-risk clones and plasmid-mediated resistance.

Genomic analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae causing community-acquired respiratory deaths among Zambian infants and children using targeted RNA-probe hybridization-capture metagenomics

This study uses metagenomic sequencing to analyze Klebsiella pneumoniae from lung biopsies of Zambian children, identifying genetic sublineages, antimicrobial resistance, and potential vaccine targets.

Carbapenem-resistance oprD mutations reshape Pseudomonas aeruginosa host-pathogen interactions during infection

This study shows that OprD mutations in Pseudomonas aeruginosa enhance bacterial attachment and translocation across airway epithelial barriers, altering infection dynamics beyond antibiotic resistance.

Mobile element-mediated carbapenem resistance in Enterobacter hormaechei in a Nigerian intensive care unit

This study identifies a mobile resistance island driving carbapenem resistance in Enterobacter hormaechei and Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Nigerian ICU, highlighting the role of horizontal gene transfer in AMR spread.

A new class of penicillin-binding protein inhibitors to address drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae

This paper identifies a novel benzoxaborinine-based inhibitor (VNRX-14079) that effectively targets penA-mediated resistance in multidrug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Geometry-enhanced protein language modeling enables discovery of novel antibiotic resistance genes

GeoARG improves detection of distant antibiotic resistance genes using structural features and protein language models, uncovering 1,485 novel candidates.

Personalized microbiotas (counter-)select for antibiotic resistant pathogens

This study identifies how personalized gut microbiotas influence the competitiveness of antibiotic-resistant pathogens through carbohydrate competition and specific genetic mutations.

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae lineage CG307 displays urinary tract tropism

This study shows that the CRKp lineage CG307 is increasing in UTIs in the Southern US and has traits promoting urinary tract tropism.

Prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Australian wild birds, native wildlife, livestock and domestic animals

This study screens DNA samples from Australian wildlife and domestic animals for Pseudomonas aeruginosa prevalence and resistance genotypes, finding lower rates than international studies.

Tracing the emergence of the novel fluoroquinolone resistance gene qrtA in enterococci through environmental reservoirs and pELF-type linear plasmids

Polymyxin heteroresistance in Klebsiella oxytoca

This study identifies polymyxin B heteroresistance in Klebsiella oxytoca clinical isolates, showing a 16-fold resistance variation between subpopulations.

Mobilome of Enterococcus faecalis from healthy nursery pigs exposed to antibiotic pressure

The paper examines the mobilome of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis from healthy piglets, identifying mobile genetic elements and their roles in antibiotic resistance and adaptation.

Dynamic changes in the plasmidome and resistome in the gastrointestinal tract of chickens

This study uses long-read sequencing to analyze plasmidome and resistome in chicken fecal samples, revealing ARGs associated with 26 antibiotic classes and their dynamic spread.

Insights into the Klebsiella pneumoniae adaptive response mechanisms to colistin exposure using a label-free quantitative proteomics approach

This study uses label-free proteomics to identify proteomic changes in K. pneumoniae exposed to colistin, revealing membrane remodelling and metabolic shifts as key adaptive responses.

Population Structure and Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Transfer of Respiratory Escherichia coli Isolated from Swine in China

This study analyzes 441 ExPEC strains from swine lungs in China, revealing high antibiotic resistance gene diversity and horizontal transfer potential, with implications for AMR surveillance.