Influenza Virus Research Studies

This study investigates sex differences in influenza A virus severity in obese mice, finding that female obese mice experience greater disease severity than male obese mice following both high and low viral doses.

This study identifies TNFSF14 as a driver of alveolar macrophage depletion after influenza, increasing susceptibility to pneumococcal pneumonia, and shows targeting this pathway can reduce disease severity.

This paper develops a tandem split-GFP reporter system for influenza A viruses to enable sensitive and accurate replication analysis with minimal fitness defects.

This study analyzes the genetic diversity and transmission dynamics of H1N1pdm09 swine influenza viruses in Italy using whole genome sequencing and dynamic modeling, revealing multiple introductions and limited onward transmission with some sustained clusters.

This study compares NA-specific antibody titres in serum and plasma using ELLA and ELISA, finding discrepancies and recommending serum for standardized assays.

This study tracks the spread of H5N1 in North America, showing wild migratory birds drove rapid dissemination and repeated spillovers into agriculture through multiple introductions and sustained transmission.

This study identifies H5 influenza virus infections in vampire bats, showing their potential to spread the virus between marine and terrestrial ecosystems.

This study investigates how vaccine antigen valency and pre-existing memory B cells influence B cell responses to drifted influenza virus, showing differential effects on germinal center dynamics and immunodominance.

This study identifies three IGHV3-23 antibodies targeting influenza HA stem, showing that non-neutralizing antibodies with enhanced Fc-mediated effector functions offer better in vivo protection than a potent neutralizer.

The paper designs immunogens that redirect immune responses to a conserved influenza epitope using iterative machine learning and in vivo testing.

This study shows that influenza A virus lineage and exposure route affect its spatial distribution and genetic diversity within the respiratory tract of guinea pigs.

This study investigates the constraints on the breadth evolution of the CR9114 broadly neutralizing antibody by comparing binding affinity landscapes across different influenza HA subtypes.

This study uses human respiratory organoids to show that a cattle-derived H5N1 isolate replicates efficiently but suppresses innate immune responses, explaining its mild clinical presentation in humans.

This study evaluates an RNA replicon vaccine encoding HA and NA antigens of H1N1 virus in pigs, showing it prevents shedding of antigen-drifted H1N1 and H5N1 viruses.

This study links irregular iris pigmentation in Northern Gannets to past exposure to HPAIV H5N1, showing it can serve as a non-invasive marker for disease surveillance.

This study inoculates hens with H7N7-LPAIV precursors to model how they lead to H7N7-HPAIV outbreaks, showing partial protection but not complete prevention of H7N7-HPAIV replication.

The paper measures antibody responses to bovine A/H5N1 HA and NA in vaccinated and infected individuals, finding that A/H1N1 infection boosts neutralizing antibodies but vaccination and A/H3N2 infection do not.

This study shows that older Sandwich terns were disproportionately affected by HPAI H5N1 during a 2022 mass mortality event, highlighting age-related mortality in long-lived seabirds.

This paper introduces PREDAC-Transformer, a deep learning framework that improves antigenic relationship prediction and identifies key amino acid sites driving influenza antigenic evolution.

This study identifies novel mammalian adaptive mutations in avian influenza polymerase complex using phylogenetic analysis and experimental assays.

This study evaluates baloxavir marboxil's efficacy against HPAIV in ducks, finding it reduces mortality and virus shedding when administered within 48 hours of infection.

This study evaluates an intranasal influenza vaccine with adjuvants, showing enhanced antibody responses and protection against seasonal influenza viruses in mice.

The paper identifies artificial proteins (αReps) that inhibit influenza virus replication by targeting FluPol subunits, showing efficacy against multiple virus subtypes.

This study identifies an antibody that cross-reacts with H5N1 and H3N2 neuraminidases and shows how somatic hypermutation enables this cross-reactivity.

The paper reports the detection of HPAI H5N1 virus RNA in bovine semen from an asymptomatic bull during an outbreak, raising concerns about transmission risks and biosecurity.

The paper assesses AIV prevalence and risk factors in backyard birds in Pakistan, finding higher prevalence in chickens and pigeons with species-specific associations.

The paper creates a high-resolution antigenic map of A(H5) HA and uses it to design vaccine antigens that confer broad immunity against diverse A(H5) viruses.

This study shows that NAD metabolism is critical for influenza A virus replication in an ex vivo mouse lung model, with PARP inhibition reducing viral production.

This study uses high-throughput DNA-PAINT to analyze influenza virus genome packaging, revealing cooperative and flexible segment interactions that guide genome assembly.

This study shows that intranasal delivery of influenza antigens via a replication-deficient adenovirus induces broader antibody responses and better viral immunity in the respiratory tract compared to systemic delivery.