Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms

Story of an infection: viral dynamics and host responses in the Caenorhabditis elegans-Orsay virus pathosystem

This study tracks the progression of OrV infection in C. elegans, identifying four infection stages and gene expression changes, revealing virus-specific and general immune responses.

Detection of bacteria through taste receptors primes the cellular immune response

This study shows that Drosophila larvae use taste receptors to detect bacteria, which primes their immune system and improves survival after infection.

A genome-wide CRISPR screen in Anopheles mosquito cells identifies essential genes and required components of clodronate liposome function

The paper uses a genome-wide CRISPR screen in Anopheles mosquito cells to identify essential genes and factors involved in clodronate liposome function.

The molecular Toll pathway repertoire in anopheline mosquitoes

This study manually annotates and refines gene models of the Toll pathway in 19 anopheline and 2 culicine mosquito genomes, revealing evolutionary constraints and radiation patterns.

Expansion of Drosophila haemocytes using a conditional GeneSwitch driver affects larval haemocyte function, but does not modulate adult lifespan or survival from infection

This study expands and ablates Drosophila haemocytes using genetic tools, finding no effect on adult lifespan or infection resistance but observing pupal lethality in specific genetic backgrounds.

The Enhanced Activation of Innate Immunity in Drosophila S2 Cells by Micrococcus luteus is Mediated by Relish

This study shows that Relish mediates the innate immune response in Drosophila S2 cells to Micrococcus luteus, with lesser effects on Bacillus subtilis and Metarhizium anisopliae.

Under the radar: differential responses of bed bugs to an entomopathogen, environmental bacteria, and a human pathogen

The paper investigates bed bug immune responses to three bacterial challenges using transcriptomics and phylogenetic analysis, finding differential gene expression patterns and lineage-specific gene duplications.

Heat Shock Factor Regulation of Antimicrobial Peptides Expression Suggests a Conserved Defense Mechanism Induced by Febrile Temperature in Arthropods

This study shows that elevated temperatures enhance antiviral defenses in arthropods by activating HSF1 to upregulate antimicrobial peptides targeting viral envelopes.

Late sporogonic stages of Plasmodium parasites are susceptible to the melanization response in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes

This study shows that late-stage Plasmodium parasites in mosquitoes are susceptible to melanization, with distinct immune regulation for different stages.

Detection of known and novel virus sequences in the black solider fly and expression of host antiviral pathways

The paper detects known and novel viruses in black soldier flies and identifies antiviral gene expression differences.

Sex Dimorphism in Expression of Immune Response Genes in Drosophila

This study compares sex-dimorphic immune gene expression in two Drosophila species, finding conserved upregulation but divergent downregulation patterns in response to bacterial infection.

Diversity and functional specialization of oyster immune cells uncovered by integrative single cell level investigations

The paper characterizes immune cells in Pacific oysters using single-cell RNA sequencing and other methods, identifying seven functionally distinct cell types and three hematopoietic lineages.

A positive list administered immunity system restricts the body size of insects

The paper hypothesizes that the innate immune system limits insect body size by restricting the effective number of blood cells through division of labor.

Autophagy controls differentiation of Drosophila blood cells by regulating Notch levels in response to nutrient availability

This study shows that autophagy regulates Notch levels in Drosophila blood cell differentiation by modulating lysosomal degradation in response to nutrient availability.

A humoral immune response to parasitoid wasps in Drosophila is regulated by JAK/STAT, NF-κB and GATA

This study identifies JAK/STAT, GATA, and NF-κB pathways as regulators of lectin-24A, a gene involved in Drosophila's humoral immune response to parasitoid wasps.

Regulation of sex differences in innate immunity by sex-determining gene transformer in Drosophila melanogaster

This study investigates how the sex-determining gene transformer (tra) regulates sex differences in innate immunity in Drosophila melanogaster by analyzing gene expression changes in response to bacterial infection.

The C. elegans proteome response to two protective Pseudomonas symbionts

This study uses proteomics to compare C. elegans responses to two protective Pseudomonas symbionts, identifying distinct host pathways involved in pathogen resistance and tolerance.

Macrophage subpopulation identity in Drosophila is modulated by apoptotic cell clearance and related signalling pathways

This study identifies pathways modulating plasmatocyte subpopulations in Drosophila, showing that efferocytosis and Ecdysone receptor signaling shape their identity and function.

Macrophage differentiation requires DNA damage caused by Caspase-Activated DNase

This study shows that DNA damage from Caspase-Activated DNase is essential for macrophage differentiation in Drosophila.

Pathogen infection alters the gene expression landscape of transposable elements in Drosophila melanogaster: A meta-analysis

This study analyzes TE expression in Drosophila melanogaster during infections and finds that pathogen type has a larger effect on TE expression than host factors.

Anopheles gambiae mosGILT regulates innate immune genes and zpg expression

This study shows that mosGILT in Anopheles gambiae affects immune genes and zpg expression, linking it to ovarian development and Plasmodium infection.

Gcn5 and mTORC1 mediated regulation of autophagy controls Drosophila blood cell homeostasis

This study shows that Gcn5 and mTORC1 regulate autophagy in Drosophila blood cell homeostasis through genetic and chemical perturbation analysis.

Gut barrier defects, increased intestinal innate immune response, and enhanced lipid catabolism drive lethality in N-glycanase 1 deficient Drosophila

This study shows that loss of Drosophila N-glycanase 1 causes gut barrier defects, leading to immune activation and lipid catabolism, which contribute to lethality through non-infectious mechanisms.

A novel eukaryotic RdRP-dependent small RNA pathway represses antiviral immunity by controlling an ERK pathway component in the black-legged tick

The paper identifies RdRP-dependent sRNA pathways in ticks that regulate immune response by controlling an ERK pathway component, revealing a novel mechanism of antiviral immunity suppression.

Kinetics of blood cell differentiation during hematopoiesis revealed by quantitative long-term live imaging

This study uses long-term live imaging in flies to reveal distinct kinetics of blood cell differentiation and shows how infection modulates these kinetics to activate hematopoiesis.

A single amino acid polymorphism in natural Metchnikowin alleles of Drosophila results in systemic immunity and life history tradeoffs

This study shows that a single amino acid polymorphism in the Drosophila AMP Mtk affects systemic immunity and life history traits differently in males and females.

Analysis of the Toll and spaetzle genes involved in Toll path-way-dependent antimicrobial gene induction in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebriodae)

The paper investigates the role of Toll and spaetzle genes in Toll pathway-dependent antimicrobial gene induction in Tribolium castaneum using RNA interference and qRT-PCR, finding that Toll3 and Toll4 significantly affect AMP gene expression and immune response.

The genetic basis of variation immune defense against Lysinibacillus fusiformis infection in Drosophila melanogaster

The paper examines genetic variation in immune defense against Lysinibacillus fusiformis in three Drosophila populations, finding little overlap in genetic architecture but shared QTL for resistance to two pathogens.

A family of unusual immunoglobulin superfamily genes in an invertebrate histocompatibility complex

The paper identifies a family of immunoglobulin superfamily genes in the cnidarian Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus, showing they are homologous to vertebrate histocompatibility genes and suggest an ancient origin of V-set domains.

Comparative transcriptome analysis of noble crayfish and marbled crayfish immune response to Aphanomyces astaci challenges

This study compares the immune response of noble and marbled crayfish to different strains of Aphanomyces astaci, revealing distinct gene expression patterns and immune tolerance in marbled crayfish.