O. Schwartz

B cell maturation restored ancestral germlines to control Omicron BA.2.86

The paper analyzes neutralizing antibodies from vaccinated and hybrid immune individuals to show that restored B cell germlines enhance neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants like BA.2.86.

Structural basis of TMPRSS2 zymogen activation and recognition by the HKU1 seasonal coronavirus

This study determines the structure of HKU1-CoV receptor binding domain in complex with TMPRSS2, identifying key residues for host tropism and revealing the structural basis of TMPRSS2 activation.

Recapitulating memory B cell responses in a Lymphoid Organ-Chip to evaluate mRNA vaccine boosting strategies

The paper develops a Lymphoid Organ-Chip to evaluate mRNA vaccine boosting strategies by mimicking immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein and comparing monovalent and bivalent vaccines.

Distinct evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB and BA.2.86/JN.1 lineages combining increased fitness and antibody evasion

This study characterizes SARS-CoV-2 variants XBB and BA.2.86/JN.1, finding they show increased fitness and antibody evasion while maintaining antiviral sensitivity.

Dynamic label-free analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infection reveals virus-induced subcellular remodeling.

This study uses AI and label-free microscopy to analyze subcellular changes in SARS-CoV-2 infected cells, revealing organelle remodeling and cross-regulation networks.

Sex and species associated differences in Complement-mediated immunity in Humans and Rhesus macaques

This study compares complement-mediated immunity differences between humans and rhesus macaques, finding sex-based variations in humans and species-specific differences in complement activity.

Neutralisation of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BA.2.86 and EG.5.1 by antibodies induced by earlier infection or vaccination

The paper assesses the neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BA.2.86 and EG.5.1 by antibodies from prior infection or vaccination, finding comparable neutralization titres to XBB.1 and EG.5.1.

High fusion and cytopathy of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.640.1

This study characterizes the high fusogenicity and cytopathic effects of the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.640.1 variant, identifying mutations in the spike S2 domain responsible for these properties.

Resistance of Omicron subvariants BA.2.75.2, BA.4.6 and BQ.1.1 to neutralizing antibodies

This study evaluates the neutralizing antibody resistance of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BA.2.75.2, BA.4.6, and BQ.1.1 to monoclonal antibodies and sera from vaccinated individuals.

IRF8 regulates efficacy of therapeutic anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies

This study identifies IRF8 as a regulator of CD20 expression and anti-CD20 antibody efficacy through CRISPR screening and functional validation in B cells.

The spike-stabilizing D614G mutation interacts with S1/S2 cleavage site mutations to promote the infectious potential of SARS-CoV-2 variants

This study shows the D614G mutation enhances the infectious potential of SARS-CoV-2 variants by synergizing with cleavage site mutations like P681H/R to increase spike fusogenicity.

Structural insights of a highly potent pan-neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 human monoclonal antibody

The paper evaluates the potency of mAb J08 against SARS-CoV-2 variants using cell-based assays and cryo-EM, showing its resistance to escape mutations and broad binding capability.

Potent Human Broadly SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing IgA and IgG Antibodies Effective Against Omicron BA.1 and BA.2

The paper identifies potent broadly neutralizing IgA and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron BA.1 and BA.2, from memory B cells in convalescents.

Fusogenicity and neutralization sensitivity of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta sublineage AY.4.2

This study examines the fusogenicity and neutralization sensitivity of the SARS-CoV-2 AY.4.2 sublineage compared to the Delta variant, finding similar spike function but reduced neutralization sensitivity to certain antibodies and vaccines.

Single-molecule imaging reveals distinct effects of ligands on CCR5 dynamics depending on its dimerization status

This study uses single-molecule imaging to show how different ligands affect CCR5 dynamics based on its dimerization status, revealing distinct effects on receptor mobility and function.

Considerable escape of SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron to antibody neutralization

This study shows that the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is resistant to most monoclonal antibodies and vaccine-induced antibodies, with reduced neutralization compared to Delta.

SARS-CoV-2 mechanistic correlates of protection: insight from modelling response to vaccines

A mathematical model of viral dynamics is used to identify mechanistic correlates of protection in SARS-CoV-2 vaccines across three non-human primate studies.

A screening pipeline identifies a broad-spectrum inhibitor of bacterial AB toxins with cross protection against influenza A virus H1N1 and SARS-CoV-2

Robust and Functional Immunity up to 9 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a Southeast Asian longitudinal cohort

The paper evaluates immune responses up to 9 months post-SARS-CoV-2 infection in a Cambodian cohort, showing sustained functional immunity without re-infection.

SARS-CoV-2 Alpha, Beta and Delta variants display enhanced Spike-mediated Syncytia Formation

This study compares syncytia formation by SARS-CoV-2 Alpha, Beta, and Delta variants to D614G, finding enhanced fusogenicity and differential effects of mutations on ACE2 binding and antibody escape.

Species-specific molecular barriers to SARS-CoV-2 replication in bat cells

The paper investigates SARS-CoV-2 replication in bat cells and finds species-specific molecular barriers, with some cells controlling viral replication after human ACE2 expression.

Reduced sensitivity of infectious SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.617.2 to monoclonal antibodies and sera from convalescent and vaccinated individuals

This study shows that the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 variant is less sensitive to monoclonal antibodies and sera from convalescent and vaccinated individuals compared to other variants.

Identification of DAXX As A Restriction Factor Of SARS-CoV-2 Through A CRISPR/Cas9 Screen

The paper identifies DAXX as a restriction factor of SARS-CoV-2 through a CRISPR/Cas9 screen, showing it limits viral replication independently of SUMOylation.

Phospholipidosis is a shared mechanism underlying the in vitro antiviral activity of many repurposed drugs against SARS-CoV-2

A monocyte/dendritic cell molecular signature of SARS-CoV2-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) with severe myocarditis

The paper identifies a monocyte/dendritic cell gene signature in severe MIS-C with myocarditis, linked to NF-κB activity and cytokine signaling.

Sensitivity of infectious SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants to neutralizing antibodies

This study assesses the neutralization sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants compared to D614G using sera and nasal swabs, finding reduced efficacy against B.1.351 in some convalescent and vaccinated individuals.

Syncytia formation by SARS-CoV-2 infected cells

This study shows SARS-CoV-2 infected cells form syncytia via Spike protein-mediated fusion, regulated by IFITMs and TMPRSS2.

SARS-CoV-2 infection damages airway motile cilia and impairs mucociliary clearance

This study shows SARS-CoV-2 infection damages airway motile cilia and impairs mucociliary clearance, potentially facilitating viral spread to the deeper lung.

SUMOylation of SAMHD1 at Lysine 595 is required for HIV-1 restriction in non-cycling cells

This study shows that SUMOylation of SAMHD1 at K595 is necessary for its antiviral activity in non-cycling cells, independent of its dNTPase function.

Remodeling of the core leads HIV-1 pre-integration complex in the nucleus of human lymphocytes.

This study reveals how HIV-1 CA proteins remodel into a 'pearl necklace' structure around viral DNA to facilitate nuclear entry in human lymphocytes.