Virology and Viral Diseases

Fluorescent-expressing Modified Vaccinia Ankara Encoding T7 RNA Polymerase

This paper develops fluorescent MVA T7 viruses to monitor helper virus infection and improve reverse genetics for negative-stranded RNA viruses.

Oral 4`fluorouridine provides postexposure protection against lethal Nipah virus infection

This study shows that 4-fluorouridine provides complete protection against lethal Nipah virus infection in hamsters when administered postexposure.

Functional and antigenic constraints on the Nipah virus fusion protein

This study measures the functional and antigenic effects of ~8,500 F protein mutations in Nipah virus using pseudoviruses, revealing constraints on its structure and neutralization by antibodies.

Detection of a novel parahenipavirus from northern short-tailed shrews (Blarina brevicauda )

This study identifies a novel parahenipavirus, BbV, from northern short-tailed shrews using RNA-seq data and demonstrates its kidney tropism.

Variable and conserved features of copy-back viral genome populations generated de novo during Sendai virus infection

This study investigates copy-back viral genomes (cbVGs) generated during Sendai virus infection, finding conserved and variable features in their generation and accumulation across different viral stocks.

Computational design and experimental characterization of mini-protein binders targeting Nipah, Langya and Measles virus receptor-binding domains

The paper designs and experimentally validates mini-protein binders targeting receptor-binding domains of Nipah, Langya, and Measles viruses using computational tools and limited screening.

Recovery of infectious Oz virus from cloned cDNA

This study establishes a reverse genetics system to recover infectious Oz virus from cloned cDNA, demonstrating efficient viral replication comparable to wild-type.

Viral vector-driven trans-encapsidation of replicon RNAs as a rapid approach for the development of safe and economically attractive anti-enterovirus vaccines

This paper develops a method using viral vectors to encapsidate replicon RNAs for safe anti-enterovirus vaccines, showing similar efficacy to existing vaccines in mice.

Early Host-Virus RNA Interactions Reveal SPEN-Driven m6A Regulation as a Major Determinant of Henipavirus Infection

The paper identifies SPEN-driven m6A regulation as a key factor in henipavirus infection by analyzing host-virus RNA interactions using VIR-CLASP.

Development of a Porcine Cell Line Stably Expressing Ephrin-B2 for Nipah Virus Research and Diagnostic Testing

This study develops a pig-derived cell line expressing ephrin-B2, enhancing NiV pseudovirus infectivity and suitability for diagnostic testing and vaccine development.

In vivo models for rustrela virus (RusV) infection in potential reservoir and spill-over hosts

This study establishes in vivo infection models for RusV in wood mice and rats, showing persistent infection and mucosal shedding in wood mice, suggesting them as potential reservoir hosts.

Paramyxoviruses in Old World fruit bats (Pteropodidae): an open database and synthesis of sampling effort, viral positivity, and coevolution

This study compiles an open database of paramyxovirus studies in Old World fruit bats, identifies sampling biases, and finds evidence of host-switching among pteropodids.

Single virus lipid mixing study of Sendai virus provides insight into fusion mechanism

This study uses single virus fluorescence microscopy to analyze Sendai virus fusion kinetics, finding slow and inefficient fusion with exponential wait times and receptor-dependent efficiency.

Stabilized Full-Length Measles Fusion Protein Elicits Potent Immunity and Protection In Vivo

This study designs and tests a stabilized full-length measles fusion protein antigen that induces strong neutralizing antibodies and protects against viral challenge in a cotton rat model.

Uncovering the features of Measles-targeting human antibodies elicited by the MMR vaccine

This study identifies and characterizes human monoclonal antibodies against measles virus surface proteins, revealing their epitopes and mechanisms of neutralization.

Differential Immunomodulatory Properties of Langya and Nipah Virus Proteins

This study compares the immunomodulatory properties of Langya and Nipah virus proteins in human cells, showing LayV is less effective than NiV in inhibiting innate immune responses.

TRIM28 is a target for paramyxovirus V proteins

This paper shows that paramyxovirus V proteins interact with TRIM28, preventing its SUMO modification loss and ERE activation, thereby suppressing antiviral immune responses.

Validation of diverse and previously untraceable Sendai virus copyback viral genomes by Direct RNA Sequencing

The paper optimizes Direct RNA Sequencing to obtain full-length copyback viral genomes and introduces a BLAST-based tool for their detection.

A mRNA Vaccine Encoding for a 60-mer G Glycoprotein Nanoparticle Elicits a Robust Neutralizing Antibodies Response Against the Nipah Virus

Structural insights into Measles virus RNA synthesis: C protein-mediated regulation of replication-transcription switch and allosteric inhibition by ERDRP-0519

This study reveals how MeV C protein regulates RNA synthesis by stabilizing the RdRP complex and shows how ERDRP-0519 inhibits viral replication through an allosteric mechanism.

Borna disease virus 1 infection causing fatal meningoencephalomyelitis in wild European hedgehogs in known endemic areas, Germany, 2022 to 2024

This study reports BoDV-1 infection in wild European hedgehogs in Germany, showing severe neurological disease and potential viral shedding, highlighting zoonotic risks.

Acute induction of IFNα is responsible for the attenuation of the live measles vaccine

This study identifies acute IFNα induction as the key mechanism by which the live measles vaccine is attenuated, revealing mutations in P/V/C and H genes responsible for this effect.

Measles vaccine attenuation comprises innate immune cell infection and interferon responses

This study identifies that measles vaccine attenuation involves enhanced infection of innate immune cells and strong interferon responses that limit viral replication.

The SH Protein of Mumps Virus is a Druggable Pentameric Viroporin

This study identifies the mumps virus SH protein as a pentameric viroporin and shows it functions as a chloride channel inhibited by BIT225.

Cell-free expression of Nipah virus transmembrane proteins for proteoliposome vaccine design

This paper develops a cell-free method to produce Nipah virus membrane proteins in liposomes for vaccine design, showing improved protein incorporation and enhanced immune responses in mice.

Dose response comparison of Nipah virus strains Malaysia and Bangladesh in hamsters exposed by the intranasal or intraperitoneal route

This study compares the dose response of Nipah virus strains Malaysia and Bangladesh in hamsters using intranasal and intraperitoneal routes, finding the intraperitoneal route more consistent and Favipiravir only partially protective.

Phylogenetic analysis of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) detected in the British Isles between 1983 - 2023.

This study sequences PPMV-1 isolates from the British Isles between 1983-2023, identifying three genotypes and tracing the spread of a virulent genotype from Europe to China and Australia.

Experimental Infection of greater white-toothed Shrews (Crocidura russula) with Borna disease virus 1: Insights into Viral Spread and Shedding

This study infects greater white-toothed shrews with BoDV1 via multiple routes, showing successful infection and viral spread to the CNS and organs, supporting their use as an animal model for studying BoDV1 transmission and pathogenesis.

Functional analysis of promoter element 2 within the viral polymerase gene of an emerging paramyxovirus, Sosuga virus

This study examines the role of antigenomic PE2 in Sosuga virus replication, showing it enhances minigenome activity and encodes a conserved motif in the L protein.

Reproducible generation of Nipah virus pseudovirions with uniform expression of F and G surface glycoproteins for high-throughput neutralization assays

This paper develops a reproducible method to generate Nipah virus pseudovirions with uniform F and G glycoprotein expression for high-throughput neutralization assays.