Discover, rate, and verify biology preprints.

Transparent Weighting of Heterogeneous Evidence for Auditable Candidate Prioritization

Analytic Hierarchy Process weights merge fold-change, FDR and protein-interaction centrality into a traceable composite ranking of 143 triple-negative breast cancer exosomal protein candidates.

A precise atlas of the human subcortex

FOCUS, a 100 µm atlas of 180 manually segmented subcortical grey and white matter regions and 77 hand-built tracts, registered to MNI 2009b space for warping to individual brains.

Seven replicated genomic associations of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: a biobank study

Targeted-learning GWAS of 1,268 UK Biobank ME/CFS cases found 176 FDR-significant variants; seven replicated in disjoint UK Biobank or All of Us cohorts.

Delta rhythm and voice familiarity organize neural entrainment in the infant brain

In 30 six-month-olds, 2 Hz syllable sequences selectively raised delta EEG power in right frontal and left temporal clusters; right frontal tuning grew over blocks; voice familiarity altered theta responses.

Towards reconstruction of the human interactome from positive and negative experimental evidence

Inferring tested-but-undetected pairs from prey lists of 5,530 published interaction screens yields 97 million tested human protein pairs and 18,982,508 non-interactions (≥3 tests) for calibrating screens and predictors.

Dissociable changes in temporal precision and causal expectations following perceptual training

Simultaneity-judgment training reduced flash-illusion susceptibility similarly in children with and without ADHD; Bayesian modelling showed lower common-cause prior in typical children versus lower temporal uncertainty in ADHD.

40S Ribosome Remodeling Triggers 18S rRNA U-tailing and DIS3L2-dependent Decay

RIOK3 displaces eS26 from ubiquitinated 40S subunits, exposing the 18S rRNA 3' end for U-tailing by TUT4/TUT7 and exonucleolytic decay by DIS3L2, which commits defective subunits to turnover.

Cooperative CTCF-nucleosome oligomerization stabilizes chromatin loop anchors

CTCF dimerization on stacked nucleosomes is resolved by cryo-EM through a ZnF6-7-8 interface. Disrupting it in mouse stem cells weakens CTCF-cohesin loops more than insulation and impairs germline differentiation.

Mammalian spermatogenesis at single-cell resolution downstream of genetic perturbations in meiotic double-strand break repair

Single-nucleus RNA+ATAC profiling of 32 mice shows asymmetric PRDM9 binding drives asynapsis, pachytene cell loss, aneuploidy and multi-megabase crossover redistribution, tuned by a chromosome 15 locus.

RNA-guided transcriptional repression by TIGR-Tas systems

TIGRFinder annotated 6,685 TIGR arrays; cryo-EM structures show inactive RuvC domains, and E. coli reporter assays show CsTasR and MbTasA repress transcription in a guide-dependent manner.

SenSASP: A Unified, Multi-Layer Database of Senescence and SASP Genes

Merging CellAge, GenAge, SenMayo and Reactome senescence genes onto Ensembl IDs yields 1,250 provenance-tracked genes, most also annotated with mouse/zebrafish orthologs, tissue expression and STRING interactions.

Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucosal Injury Is Defined by p53 Activation, Cell Cycle Arrest and Diverse Epithelial Progenitor Dynamics

In 5-FU-treated mice, oral and intestinal epithelial atrophy stems from p53-linked cell cycle arrest, not apoptosis, while a chemoresistant AP-1/p53 basal cluster expands in tongue.

Organization, development, and plasticity of the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus projectome

In larval zebrafish, 68% of 81 traced serotonergic dorsal raphe neurons target only one of telencephalon and spinal cord; stress in week 1, not week 2, raised telencephalic fiber density.

FlashDeconv reveals resolution horizons in atlas-scale spatial transcriptomics

Leverage-weighted sketching plus sparse spatial regularization deconvolves 1.6 million Visium HD bins in 153 seconds on commodity hardware, revealing tissue-specific resolution limits where cell-type co-localization can reverse sign.

SPP1+ Microglia Are Associated with Neuroimmune Rewiring and Glutamatergic Neuronal Injury in ART-Suppressed People Living with HIV

In ART-suppressed human brain, an SPP1+ activated microglial subset holds most detected HIV RNA and shows chronic interferon-I and MHC-I signatures, alongside complement signaling and neuronal loss.

Reflectance spectra capture temporal variation in functional traits and their integration across leaf phenology

Weekly leaf spectra and traits in seven temperate species reveal phenophase-dependent trait correlations; peak-season PLSR models fail at senescence while full-season models track trait dynamics.

SPLISOFORMS: a Structure-Resolved Knowledge Base of Alternative Splicing Isoforms

A web database and REST API of 124,687 AlphaFold 3 structures for human splice isoforms, annotated against canonical proteins for domains, decay, modifications, neoantigens and drug pockets.

Classical baselines outperform released deep-learning ITS classifiers, which collapse on ITS2 where predictions follow the flanking regions

MycoAI ITS classifiers trail alignment, SINTAX and HiTaC on full-length ITS and drop to 28.3% and 18.5% seen-genus family accuracy on ITS2, as predictions track flanking regions.

A novel RRM activity orchestrates ribosome homeostasis

40S subunit binding to a previously unrecognised RRM in LARP1 activates its TOP-binding HEAT repeats, licensing repression of ribosomal protein mRNA translation in human cells.

Generative machine learning unlocks the first proteome-wide image of human cells

A conditional latent diffusion transformer predicts immunofluorescence images of 12,800 human proteins from nucleus, ER and microtubule stains, outperforming PUPS and CELL-Diff, including on an unseen drug-treated cell line.