B. F. Haynes

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB lineage spike structures, conformations, antigenicity, and receptor recognition

The paper determines cryo-EM structures of SARS-CoV-2 XBB lineage spike proteins, revealing structural changes that enhance immune evasion and receptor binding.

Broadly neutralizing antibody induction by non-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 Spike mRNA vaccination in nonhuman primates

Non-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 Spike mRNA vaccination in macaques induces B cell lineages targeting conserved epitopes on Omicron variants or cross-neutralizing epitopes on Sarbecoviruses.

Engineering immunogens that select for specific mutations in HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies

This study uses molecular dynamics simulations to design HIV-1 immunogens that select for specific mutations in broadly neutralizing antibodies.

Non-neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 N-terminal domain antibodies protect mice against severe disease using Fc-mediated effector functions

This study shows non-neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 antibodies protect mice from severe disease via Fc-mediated effector functions, reducing viral load and lung damage.

Microsecond dynamics control the HIV-1 envelope conformation

This study uses time-resolved scattering to observe microsecond dynamics in HIV-1 Env, revealing rapid transitions that conventional strategies may not address.

Vaccine induction of CD4-mimicking broadly neutralizing antibody precursors in macaques

This study shows that vaccinating macaques with a CD4bs-targeting immunogen elicits neutralizing bnAb precursors with structural features of CD4-mimicking antibodies.

Engineered Immunogens to Elicit Antibodies Against Conserved Coronavirus Epitopes

This study designs engineered immunogens targeting conserved coronavirus epitopes to elicit broad-spectrum antibodies, showing protection in mice against live virus challenge.

Humanized V(D)J-rearranging and TdT-expressing Mouse Vaccine Models with Physiological HIV-1 Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Precursors

This paper introduces new mouse models expressing human HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) precursors with more physiological levels and diversity, enhancing vaccine research for bnAb elicitation.

Mutation-Guided Vaccine Design: A Strategy for Developing Boosting Immunogens for HIV Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Induction

The paper demonstrates a mutation-guided vaccine strategy that induces HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies in mice by selecting for rare B cell lineage mutations.

Structure-based stabilization of SOSIP Env enhances recombinant ectodomain durability and yield

This paper introduces a proline-stabilization strategy (2P) to enhance the durability and yield of recombinant HIV-1 Env trimers without altering their antigenic or conformational properties.

A germline-targeting chimpanzee SIV envelope glycoprotein elicits a new class of V2-apex directed cross-neutralizing antibodies

This study identifies a new class of V2-directed cross-neutralizing antibodies targeting a cryptic epitope in occluded-open HIV and SIV Env trimers.

Structural basis for breadth development in a HIV-1 neutralizing antibody

This paper determines structures of HIV-1 antibodies at different stages of maturation to understand how neutralization breadth develops through affinity optimization.

Humanized antibody potently neutralizes all SARS-CoV-2 variants by a novel mechanism

The paper describes a humanized antibody, SP1-77, that neutralizes all SARS-CoV-2 variants by blocking membrane fusion instead of ACE2 receptor binding.

Disease diagnostics using machine learning of immune receptors

The paper develops Mal-ID, a machine learning framework using immune receptor data to diagnose diseases, detecting infections, autoimmune disorders, and vaccine responses.

Cryo-EM structures of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 spike

This study determines cryo-EM structures of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 spike and compares them to BA.1, revealing structural changes and immune evasion mechanisms.

HIV-1 Vpu restricts Fc-mediated effector functions in vivo

This study shows that HIV-1 Vpu reduces nnAb recognition and ADCC resistance, with nnAb Fc-effector functions dependent on Env's open conformation.

Breadth of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization and Protection Induced by a Nanoparticle Vaccine

This study shows a nanoparticle vaccine induces broad neutralizing antibodies against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants and protects non-human primates and mice from viral challenges.

Structural diversity of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron spike

The paper compares cryo-EM structures of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta spikes to analyze conformational changes affecting immune evasion and transmissibility.

Identification of CDRH3 Loops in the Naive B Cell Receptor Repertoire that Can Be Engaged by Candidate Immunogens

The paper identifies CDRH3 loops in the naive B cell receptor repertoire that can be engaged by candidate immunogens using a combined experimental and computational approach.

Ability of nucleoside-modified mRNA to encode HIV-1 envelope trimer nanoparticles

This study shows that nucleoside-modified mRNA can encode HIV-1 Env trimer nanoparticles that induce bnAb precursor B cell expansion and neutralizing activity in mice.

Effect of natural mutations of SARS-CoV-2 on spike structure, conformation and antigenicity

This study examines how mutations in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein affect its structure, conformation, and antigenicity across variants from different origins.

Vaccination with SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and AS03 Adjuvant Induces Rapid Anamnestic Antibodies in the Lung and Protects Against Virus Challenge in Nonhuman Primates

This study shows that an AS03-adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 spike protein vaccine induces strong antibody responses and protects nonhuman primates from viral challenge.

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induces neutralizing antibodies against pandemic and pre-emergent SARS-related coronaviruses in monkeys

This study shows that SARS-CoV-2 vaccines induce neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, and batCoVs in monkeys.

SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 is susceptible to neutralizing antibodies elicited by ancestral Spike vaccines

This study shows that B.1.1.7 SARS-CoV-2 variant remains neutralizable by antibodies from ancestral Spike vaccines and convalescent sera, though with reduced efficacy.

New SHIVs and Improved Design Strategy for Modeling HIV-1 Transmission, Immunopathogenesis, Prevention and Cure

This paper demonstrates that SHIVs with bulky aromatic amino acid substitutions at Env375 replicate efficiently in rhesus macaques and can be used for preclinical HIV vaccine testing.

Rapid selection of HIV envelopes that bind to neutralizing antibody B cell lineage members with functional improbable mutations

The paper identifies a minimal set of mutations required for the function of a HIV bnAb and demonstrates in vitro selection of envelope immunogens that can bind to antibodies with these mutations.

Lipid nanoparticle encapsulated nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccines elicit polyfunctional HIV-1 antibodies comparable to proteins in nonhuman primates

This study compares the immunogenicity of mRNA-LNP vaccines to protein vaccines in nonhuman primates, finding comparable or superior HIV-1 antibody responses.

Cross-reactive coronavirus antibodies with diverse epitope specificities and extra-neutralization functions

The paper identifies cross-reactive antibodies against multiple coronaviruses, showing they target diverse epitopes and mediate effector functions.

Mouse and Human Antibodies that Bind HLA-E-Leader Peptide Complexes and Enhance NK Cell Cytotoxicity

The paper isolates antibodies that bind HLA-E-Leader peptide complexes and enhance NK cell cytotoxicity in both mice and humans.

D614G mutation alters SARS-CoV-2 spike conformational dynamics and protease cleavage susceptibility at the S1/S2 junction

This study shows the D614G mutation in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein increases furin cleavage efficiency and alters RBD dynamics through allosteric effects.