K. Yamada

Structural basis of S-adenosylmethionine-dependent Allosteric Transition from Active to Inactive States in Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase

The paper reports crystal structures of cMTHFR in active and inhibited states, revealing structural changes and AdoMet binding, and investigates phosphorylation sites in hMTHFR.

Homeostatic Control on the Thought: a Comprehensive Explanation of Mind Wandering

This study proposes a homeostatic reinforcement learning model to explain mind-wandering, showing it aligns with empirical findings on human thought transitions.

Long-term Exposure to Methyl Jasmonate Increases Myrosinases TGG1 and TGG2 in Arabidopsis coi1 and myc2,3,4 Mutants

This study shows that long-term MeJA exposure increases TGG1 and TGG2 expression in Arabidopsis mutants, independent of the canonical JA pathway.

Variations in cellular unfolded protein response, respiratory capacity, and stress tolerance in skin and lung fibroblasts of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)

This study examines UPR, respiratory capacity, and stress tolerance in skin and lung fibroblasts of deer mice, finding only tunicamycin-induced BiP expression is repeatable across cell types and predicts stress resistance and bioenergetics.

Integration of shoot-derived polypeptide signals by root TGA transcription factors is essential for survival under fluctuating nitrogen environments

This study shows that TGA1 and TGA4 transcription factors integrate shoot-derived polypeptide signals to regulate nitrate uptake in response to fluctuating nitrogen environments.

ATML1 Regulates the Differentiation of ER Body-containing Large Pavement Cells in Rosette Leaves of Brassicaceae Plants

This study shows that ATML1 regulates the formation of ER bodies in large pavement cells of Brassicaceae plants, enhancing defense against herbivores.

Artificial Intelligence Enables the Label-Free Identification of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells with Mitochondrial Morphological Alterations

This study uses AI with flow cytometry to identify CML cells with mitochondrial morphological changes, enabling early diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response.

Evolution of cullin E3 ubiquitin ligases and function in trypanosomes

The paper reconstructs the evolution of cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases across eukaryotes and experimentally characterizes two cullin complexes in trypanosomatids, revealing lineage-specific diversity and novel substrate specificity.

Sugar co-ordinates plant defence signalling

This study shows that sugar, particularly glucose-6-phosphate, regulates defense responses in Arabidopsis by modulating CPK5 activity and SA synthesis in response to bacterial and fungal pathogens.

β Cell microRNAs Function as Molecular Hubs of Type 1 Diabetes Pathogenesis and as Biomarkers of Diabetes Risk

The paper identifies miRNAs in human islets and EVs that change under inflammatory conditions and can serve as biomarkers for type 1 diabetes risk.

Structure of full-length cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase and cofactor loading captured in crystallo

This study determines the first high-resolution structure of full-length cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase and captures cobalamin loading, revealing insights into its dynamic domain rearrangements.

Physical interactions trigger Streptomyces to prey on yeast using natural products and lytic enzymes

This study shows Streptomyces bacteria prey on yeast by producing lytic enzymes and natural products, revealing a new ecological role for these microbes.

Extended Nucleic Acid (exNA): A Novel, Biologically Compatible Backbone that Significantly Enhances Oligonucleotide Efficacy in vivo

This paper introduces exNA, a novel nucleic acid backbone that enhances oligonucleotide stability and efficacy in vivo, showing improved resistance to exonucleases and increased tissue exposure and potency.

Arabidopsis MEB3 functions as a vacuolar transporter to regulate iron accumulation in roots

This study identifies MEB3 as a vacuolar iron transporter in Arabidopsis that regulates root-to-shoot iron distribution, showing its role in maintaining iron homeostasis under different iron conditions.

A developmental program that regulates mammalian organ size offsets evolutionary distance

The paper identifies a conserved molecular program regulating organ size across species, showing higher homology in humans and pigs than in closely related mice.

Comparison of personality structures between methodologies: personality ratings and behavioural observations in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata)

This study compares personality structures in Japanese macaques using personality ratings and behavioural observations, finding no overlapping traits and suggesting different aspects of behaviour are assessed by each method.

Pupillary Dynamics of Mice Performing a Pavlovian Delay Conditioning Task Reflect Reward-Predictive Signals.

This paper shows that pupil size in mice reflects reward prediction signals but not prediction errors during a Pavlovian delay conditioning task.

Genome analysis of Parmales, a sister group of diatoms, reveals the evolutionary specialization of diatoms from phago-mixotrophs to photoautotrophs

This study compares parmalean and diatom genomes to show diatoms evolved from phago-mixotrophs to photoautotrophs by losing phagocytosis genes and gaining silica and nutrient metabolism capabilities.

Reprogramming of lactate metabolism is linked to the oncogenesis of the virus-induced leukemia

This study shows HBZ promotes lactate excretion in ATL cells via TAp73, leading to tumor growth and poor prognosis.

Tryptophan specialized metabolism and ER body-resident myrosinases modulate root microbiota assembly

This study shows that ER body-resident myrosinases and Trp metabolism shape root microbiota by secreting bioactive metabolites into the rhizosphere.

The establishment of multiple knockout mutants of Colletotrichum orbiculare by CRISPR/Cas9 and Cre/loxP systems

This paper develops CRISPR/Cas9 and Cre/loxP systems to efficiently generate multiple knockout mutants in Colletotrichum orbiculare and identifies functional sugar transporters.

A hierarchical transcriptional network activates specific CDK inhibitors that regulate G2 to control cell size and number in Arabidopsis

This study identifies a transcriptional network involving SCL28 and AtSMOS1 that regulates cell size and number in Arabidopsis by controlling G2 phase transitions through CDK inhibitors.

A machine learning model that emulates experts decision making in vancomycin initial dose planning

This study develops a machine learning model to emulate expert decision-making for vancomycin initial dosing, achieving comparable therapeutic outcomes to expert-recommended regimens.

Habit formation viewed as structural change in the behavioral network

This paper proposes a new theoretical framework that explains habit formation as a structural change in a behavioral network, showing it can replicate experimental results without assuming two distinct systems.

The endosomal TbTpr86/TbUsp7/SkpZ (TUS) complex controls surface protein abundance in trypanosomes

The paper identifies a complex involving TbTpr86, TbUsp7, and SkpZ that regulates surface protein abundance in trypanosomes by controlling endocytosis and ubiquitination.

Simulating bout-and-pause patterns with reinforcement learning

This study uses reinforcement learning to simulate bout-and-pause patterns by implementing choice and cost mechanisms, showing both are necessary to replicate observed behavioral patterns.

Pattern recognition receptors confer plant salt tolerance via WRKY18/WRKY40 transcription factors

This study identifies a mechanism by which pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in Arabidopsis thaliana confer salt tolerance through WRKY18/WRKY40 transcription factors.

Long-term associative memory in rats: effects of familiarization period in object-place-context recognition test

This study examines how varying the familiarization period affects long-term associative memory in rats using object-place-context recognition tests.

Basement membrane regulates fibronectin organization using sliding focal adhesions driven by a contractile winch

The paper reveals a new mechanism by which basement membrane regulates fibronectin organization through sliding focal adhesions driven by myosin IIA and actin stress fiber dynamics.

Evaluation of variability in high resolution protein structures by global distance scoring

This study evaluates variability in high-resolution protein structures using intramolecular distance scoring to enable global comparison of dynamics across proteins and species.