Discover, rate, and verify biology preprints.

Novel PFAS in Alligator Blood Discovered with Non-Targeted Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry

Non-targeted LC-ion mobility-HRMS of North Carolina and Florida alligator plasma found 46 PFAS, including two new polyfluorinated triether acids; Cape Fear River animals carried the most.

What works to improve species conservation state? An analysis of species whose state has improved and the actions responsible

Across 67,217 IUCN-assessed animal species, deteriorations in Red List category outnumber improvements sixfold; reintroductions and invasive species control are most consistently linked to recovery.

Genetic compatibility and ecological connectivity drive the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes

Random forests using nucleotide-composition dissimilarity and metagenomic co-occurrence predict horizontal transfer of resistance genes between bacteria (general model AUROC 0.873); mismatch limits transfer, human and wastewater co-occurrence favors it.

Novel Parkinson's Disease Genetic Risk Factors Within and Across European Populations

A cross-European Parkinson's disease GWAS meta-analysis of 63,555 cases, 17,700 proxy cases and 1,746,386 controls finds 134 risk loci (59 novel), 157 independent signals, and brain-enriched risk genes.

Complex Water Networks Visualized through 2.2-2.3 Angstrom Cryogenic Electron Microscopy of RNA

Two Tetrahymena ribozyme cryo-EM maps (2.2 and 2.3 Å) reveal cross-validated ordered waters and Mg2+ ions, plus reproducible diffuse solvent density resembling molecular dynamics water networks.

N,N-dimethylacetamide blocks inflammation-induced preterm birth and remediates maternal systemic immune responses

A two-dose DMA regimen on gestational day 15 prevented LPS-induced preterm birth in CD-1 mice, reversed cytokine surges within days, and spared term parturition.

Inference and visualization of complex genotype-phenotype maps with gpmap-tools

gpmap-tools uses Gaussian processes to infer and visualize genotype-phenotype maps with higher-order epistasis; across 262,144 Shine-Dalgarno variants it reveals register-specific peaks linked by three-nucleotide-offset ridges.

Genomic surveillance and molecular evolution of fungicide resistance in European populations of wheat powderymildew

In 415 European and Mediterranean wheat powdery mildew genomes, fungicide-resistance mutations rose over time with regional patterns; demethylation-inhibitor resistance at cyp51 emerged at least twice independently and spread.

Leveraging zebrafish embryo phenotypic observations to advance data-driven analyses in toxicology

A structured zebrafish embryo toxicity database (INTOB, 638 experiments) enabled control-quality tests, dose-response modeling and phenotype-fingerprint clustering of 47 substances (133 experiments); literature data proved unsuitable for meta-analysis.

YAbS: The Antibody Society's antibody therapeutics database

YAbS catalogues over 2,900 commercially sponsored antibody therapeutics, from clinical entry since 2000 to approval, with milestone-date filtering for pipeline, trend and phase-length analyses; over 450 are openly accessible.

A Hypothalamic Circuit Underlying the Dynamic Control of Social Homeostasis

Opposing glutamatergic MPN Isolation and mostly GABAergic MPN Reunion neurons in the mouse preoptic hypothalamus encode social need and satiety, with touch as a likely cue.

Constitutive neural networks for main pulmonary arteries: Discovering the undiscovered

Constitutive artificial neural networks trained on biaxial tests of 8 ovine main pulmonary artery samples consistently discover a two-term model: exponential first-invariant plus quadratic fifth-invariant terms.

Tahoe-100M: A Giga-Scale Single-Cell Perturbation Atlas for Context-Dependent Gene Function and Cellular Modeling

A 100-million-cell atlas: 50 cancer lines pooled as spheroid villages, treated with 379 drugs at several doses, profiled by combinatorial-barcoding scRNA-seq and embedded with a 10-dimensional scVI model.

Genome modeling and design across all domains of life with Evo 2

A 40B-parameter DNA model trained on 9.3 trillion tokens scores coding and noncoding variants zero-shot, exposes interpretable sequence features, and writes chromosome-scale sequences.

YOLO-Behaviour: A simple, flexible framework to automatically quantify animal behaviours from videos

YOLOv8 detection with SORT event grouping and grid-search tuning quantifies visually distinct behaviours from video across 5 case studies, reaching f1-scores of 0.62 to 0.94.

Segment Anything for Microscopy

micro_sam finetunes Segment Anything into a light microscopy generalist and a cell/neurite-focused electron microscopy model, plus napari tools for interactive 2d, volumetric and tracking annotation.

Human-mouse proteomics reveals the shared pathways in Alzheimer's disease and delayed protein turnover in the amyloidome

Alzheimer's mouse model proteomes capture 30% (amyloid-only models) to 42% (adding tau and splicing models) of consensus human AD protein changes; in 5xFAD, plaques slow degradation of plaque-associated proteins.

Mechanisms of urate transport and uricosuric drugs inhibition in human URAT1

Cryo-EM structures of human URAT1 with urate, benzbromarone, or verinurad (3.0 to 3.3 Å) reveal a rocker-switch transport cycle and inhibitors that lock the inward-facing state.

Molecular basis of convergent evolution of ACE2 receptor utilization among HKU5 coronaviruses

HKU5 merbecoviruses use bat Pipistrellus abramus ACE2 and several artiodactyl ACE2s through a cryo-EM-defined binding mode distinct from other ACE2-using coronaviruses, showing independent evolution of ACE2 usage.

Soil microbes prefer organic acids over sugars in simulated root exudation

In intact meadow and forest soil cores, 13C-labelled acetate and succinate released by reverse microdialysis left the exudation spot faster and were respired more than glucose and fructose.