Antifungal resistance and susceptibility

COVID-associated pulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompetent patients

The paper uses a computational model to simulate immune responses and identify factors contributing to CAPA in immunocompetent patients with severe SARS-CoV2.

At least 10 genes on chromosome 5 of Candida albicans are downregulated in concert to control cell wall and to confer adaptation to caspofungin

The fungal expel of 5-fluorocytosine derived fluoropyrimidines mitigates its antifungal activity and generates a cytotoxic environment

This study investigates how A. fumigatus expels fluoropyrimidines, reducing antifungal activity and creating a toxic environment for both fungal and mammalian cells.

Mathematical Modeling of Fluconazole Resistance in the Ergosterol Pathway of Candida albicans

This study uses a mathematical model of the ergosterol pathway in C. albicans to identify potential drug targets and confirm fluconazole's mechanism of action.

Azole resistance associated regulatory motifs within the promoter of cyp51A in Aspergillus fumigatus

The paper investigates the regulatory motifs in the cyp51A promoter of Aspergillus fumigatus that contribute to azole resistance, revealing iron-dependent and -independent roles of transcription factors.

Set1-mediated histone H3K4 methylation is required for azole induction of the ergosterol biosynthesis genes and antifungal drug resistance in Candida glabrata.

This study shows that Set1-mediated histone H3K4 methylation is essential for azole-induced expression of ergosterol biosynthesis genes and antifungal drug resistance in C. glabrata.

Resistance to miltefosine results from amplification of the RTA3 floppase or inactivation of flippases in Candida parapsilosis

This study identifies that resistance to miltefosine in Candida parapsilosis arises from RTA3 gene amplification or flippase inactivation, altering plasma membrane lipid asymmetry.

Dynamic optimization reveals alveolar epithelial cells as key mediators of host defense in invasive aspergillosis

This study uses dynamic optimization to analyze host-pathogen interactions in invasive aspergillosis, identifying key roles for epithelial cells and neutrophils in immune response and fungal virulence.

Reverse Transcriptase Real-Time PCR Assay for the Rapid Enumeration of Live Candida auris from the Healthcare Environment

This paper develops a reverse transcriptase real-time PCR assay to detect live Candida auris in healthcare environments, showing it can distinguish live cells from dead ones and is specific and sensitive.

Development and Validation of LAMP Primer Sets for Rapid and Correct Identification of Aspergillus fumigatus Carrying the cyp51A TR46 Azole Resistance Gene

The paper develops and validates a LAMP assay to detect the TR46 azole resistance gene in Aspergillus fumigatus, showing it is specific and rapid for identifying resistant isolates.

Multiple mechanisms impact fluconazole resistance of mutant Erg11 proteins in Candida glabrata

This study identifies ERG11 mutations in Candida glabrata that confer azole resistance through altered enzyme activity and activation of Pdr1-mediated resistance mechanisms.

Multiscale mechanistic modelling of the host defense in invasiveaspergillosis reveals leukocyte activation and iron acquisition as driversof infection outcome

This study develops a multiscale computational model of invasive aspergillosis to identify key factors determining infection outcome, finding that fungal growth, iron acquisition, and leukocyte activation are critical.

Azole resistance is mediated by integration of sterol gene regulation and membrane transporter production by the zinc cluster-containing transcription factor Upc2A in Candida glabrata

This paper identifies Upc2A as a master regulator in Candida glabrata that coordinates sterol biosynthesis and membrane transporter production to mediate azole resistance.

Tracing patterns of evolution and acquisition of drug resistant Aspergillus fumigatus infection from the environment using population genomics

The paper uses population genomics to trace the evolution and environmental acquisition of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus, finding evidence of resistant isolates transmitted from the environment to patients.

Chromosomal rearrangements and loss of subtelomeric adhesins linked to clade-specific phenotypes in Candida auris

The paper identifies chromosomal rearrangements and loss of subtelomeric adhesins in Clade II of Candida auris, linking these to reduced virulence and outbreak potential compared to other clades.

Genome-Wide Association for Itraconazole Sensitivity in Non-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus

This study uses genome-wide association analysis to identify genetic loci associated with itraconazole sensitivity in Aspergillus fumigatus clinical isolates, finding two SNPs linked to susceptibility and validating one through CRISPR/Cas-9 knockout.

Integrated transcriptional analysis of the cellular and extracellular vesicle RNA content of Candida auris in response to caspofungin

The paper analyzes C. auris gene expression and extracellular vesicle RNA changes under caspofungin treatment to understand resistance mechanisms.

Identification of essential genes and fluconazole resistance genes in Candida glabrata by profiling of Hermes transposon insertions.

The paper identifies essential genes and fluconazole resistance genes in Candida glabrata using Hermes transposon insertion profiling and machine learning.

Virulence phenotypes result from an interaction between pathogen ploidy and genetic background

The paper investigates how ploidy and genetic background of Candida albicans affect virulence in nematode hosts, finding significant interactions between ploidy and genetic background but no global virulence differences between diploid and tetraploid strains.

Tracing the evolutionary history and global expansion of Candida auris using population genomic analyses

This study traces the global emergence and evolutionary history of Candida auris using population genomic analyses of isolates from 19 countries, identifying clades, phylogeographic patterns, and antifungal resistance mechanisms.

Chromosome 1 trisomy overcomes the block of sphingolipid biosynthesis caused by aureobasidin A and confers pleiotropic effects on susceptibility to antifungals in Candida albicans

This study shows that chromosome 1 trisomy in C. albicans overcomes sphingolipid biosynthesis block by aureobasidin A and alters antifungal drug tolerance.

Candida albicans exhibits distinct cytoprotective responses to anti-fungal drugs that facilitate the evolution of drug resistance

This study profiles single-cell transcriptomes of Candida albicans exposed to antifungal drugs to identify epigenetic responses linked to drug resistance evolution.

Selection of Candida albicans Trisomy during Oropharyngeal Infection Results in a Commensal-Like Phenotype

The paper shows that trisomy of chromosomes 5 or 6 in Candida albicans during oropharyngeal infection leads to a commensal-like phenotype with reduced virulence.

Coordinated host-pathogen transcriptional dynamics revealed using sorted subpopulations and single, Candida albicans infected macrophages

The paper studies transcriptional dynamics in macrophages and Candida albicans during infection, revealing coordinated gene expression changes and heterogeneity in infection outcomes.

Targeted antifungal liposomes

This paper develops DEC-AmB-LLs, Dectin-1-coated antifungal liposomes, which significantly enhance the effectiveness of amphotericin B against fungal pathogens.

Genomic basis of multidrug-resistance, mating, and virulence in Candida auris and related emerging species

The paper analyzes genome assemblies and RNA-Seq data from Candida auris and related species to identify genomic features associated with drug resistance, mating potential, and virulence.

C. albicans Zn Cluster Transcription Factors Tac1 and Znc1 are Activated by Farnesol to Up Regulate a Transcriptional Program Including the Multi-Drug Efflux Pump CDR1

The paper shows farnesol activates Tac1 and Znc1 in C. albicans, leading to upregulation of CDR1, which increases farnesol efflux and promotes growth under high farnesol conditions.

Comparative Genomics Of Two Sequential Candida glabrata Clinical Isolates

This study compares the genomes of two sequential C. glabrata clinical isolates to identify mutations associated with azole resistance and host adaptation.