Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology

Serum nutritional-metabolic recovery during tuberculosis treatment across BMI-defined undernutrition strata: A longitudinal proteomic reanalysis

This study reanalyzes longitudinal serum proteomics data from tuberculosis patients to assess how nutritional-metabolic recovery during treatment varies by baseline BMI, finding no significant BMI-dependent trajectories but an overall increase in a 36-protein summary axis.

Distinct transcriptional remodeling of immune and metabolic pathways in severe undernutrition during latent tuberculosis infection does not consistently predict tuberculosis progression across independent cohorts

The paper examines transcriptional changes in severe undernutrition during latent TB infection and finds inconsistent associations with TB progression across cohorts.

DDU384: A new preclinical candidate for the treatment of Tuberculosis

This paper identifies DDU384, a new compound with potent in vivo efficacy against tuberculosis in murine models, showing potential to improve current treatment options.

Early tuberculosis treatment remodels blood mRNA and small RNA, and a baseline host signature is associated with early culture conversion

This study identifies blood-based biomarkers that predict early tuberculosis culture conversion by analyzing mRNA and small RNA changes during treatment.

Two potent, functionally redundant MazF toxins inactivate the 16S rRNA anti-Shine-Dalgarno sequence and are differentially expressed in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

This study identifies two MazF toxins in Mycobacterium tuberculosis that target the 16S rRNA anti-Shine-Dalgarno sequence, showing differential expression under stress conditions.

Phylogenomic screening reveals idsA2 loss conferring nitroimidazole cross-resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A length- and mutation-load-corrected homoplasy screen of 1,813 MDR-TB genomes flags idsA2; its loss raises pretomanid MIC fourfold, delamanid and ethambutol twofold, via isoprenoid flux redirection.

Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Restrains Foamy Macrophage Formation and Modulates Inflammation in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis

This study investigates the role of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in modulating foamy macrophage formation and inflammation in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).

Rv2061c, a Putative F420-Dependent Oxidoreductase, is Required for Tolerance to Malachite Green and Other Antimicrobials and Oxidative Stress Protection in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

This study identifies Rv2061c as a critical F420-dependent oxidoreductase that protects Mycobacterium tuberculosis from antimicrobials and oxidative stress.

High-throughput genetic interaction analysis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis identifies highly synergistic drug targets

This study uses CRISPRi screening in Mycobacterium tuberculosis to identify synergistic drug targets, finding that genetic interactions predict drug-drug synergies and identifying Pks13 as a key synergistic generalist.

Pulmonary Tuberculosis Is Associated with Body Site-Specific Alterations in the Respiratory and Gut Microbiome in Uganda

This study examines how pulmonary tuberculosis affects the respiratory and gut microbiomes in Ugandan adults, finding site-specific taxonomic differences but mixed results on community composition.

Excessive sample reagent incubation time increases the risk of false rifampin resistance results in Xpert(R) MTB/RIF Ultra tests performed on paucibacillary Mycobacterium tuberculosis sputum.

This study shows that extended incubation of paucibacillary sputum samples beyond 4 hours in sample reagent increases false rifampin resistance results in Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra tests.

A tissue time machine to forward-predict single-timepoint data applied to tuberculosis granulomas

The paper introduces a method to predict longitudinal outcomes from single-timepoint data using a virtual library of granulomas, applied to tuberculosis in non-human primates.

Discoidins are cytosolic lectins that recognize methylated L-rhamnose epitopes on mycobacterial glycolipids and glycopeptidolipids upon vacuole damage

Development of inducible genetic systems to finely tune efficacy of InhA-targeting anti-tuberculous drugs

This paper develops CRISPRi-based inducible systems to fine-tune antibiotic susceptibility in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by targeting key genes involved in drug activation.

In-Depth Immune Profiling Reveals Cell-Type, Sex and Infection-Stage Dependent Differences for Tuberculosis Control

This study profiles the immune environment in male and female mice following TB infection and vaccination, identifying sex-specific immune markers and known protective responses.

ESX-1 remodels the Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen storage compartment in macrophages

The paper investigates how Mtb remodels antigen storage compartments in macrophages using a split fluorescent protein reporter and subcellular spatial proteomics.

Scale- and genotype-dependent spatial concordance of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle and badgers

The paper examines spatial concordance of Mycobacterium bovis genotypes between cattle and badgers at different scales and finds it varies by genotype combination and spatial scale.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis inactivates host oxysterols to impair macrophage cholesterol homeostasis

This study identifies Mtb's enzymatic inactivation of host oxysterols as a mechanism to disrupt macrophage cholesterol homeostasis and generate treatment-responsive metabolic signatures in TB.

Evolutionary dynamics of the insertion sequence IS6110 in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex

The paper analyzes the evolutionary dynamics of IS6110 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains using ancestral state reconstruction and identifies patterns of insertion and selection.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis requires riboflavin biosynthesis for survival in the host

This study shows that Mycobacterium tuberculosis needs riboflavin biosynthesis for survival during all stages of infection, suggesting it as a drug target.

Polyketide synthase 12 is an in vivo essential source of novel mycolyl lipids in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The paper identifies pks12 as an in vivo essential gene in Mtb by combining genomic, metabolomic, and phenotypic analyses, revealing its role in mycolyl lipid synthesis and host-pathogen interface structure.

Human memory CD4+ T cells recognize non-infected macrophage bystanders exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected cells

The paper shows human memory CD4+ T cells recognize both Mtb-infected and bystander macrophages, with some TCRs specifically recognizing infected cells.

One-Dose Efficacy of Long-Acting Sorfequiline in a Mouse Model of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy

This study evaluates the efficacy of a single dose of long-acting sorfequiline in a mouse model for tuberculosis preventive therapy.

Contribution of the novel oxazolidinone TBD09 (MK-7762) to regimens with bedaquiline and pretomanid in a mouse model of tuberculosis

This study evaluates TBD09's contribution to BPa-based tuberculosis regimens in mice, showing comparable bactericidal and sterilizing activity to linezolid with reduced toxicity.

Discovery and Optimization of Imidazothiazole Carboxamides as Novel Anti-Tuberculosis Agents

The paper identifies and optimizes imidazothiazole carboxamides as anti-tuberculosis agents, showing activity against drug-resistant strains and improved potency in analogs.

Gene conversion is a key driver of diversity hotspots in M. tuberculosis antigens and virulence-associated loci

Complete genomes from 151 clinical M. tuberculosis isolates show gene conversion between paralogs creating diversity hotspots in PE/PPE/ESX genes and T cell antigens, including PPE18.

Maleic acid adjuvates BCG to induce CD4+CD8+ T cells and sterilize tuberculosis

This study shows that maleic acid enhances BCG vaccination to induce CD4+CD8+ T cells that sterilize Mtb infection in mice.

Variation in multiple classes of simple sequence repeats can alter drug susceptibility in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The paper identifies SSR INDELs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis that alter antibiotic susceptibility through phylogenomic analysis and experimental validation.

Discovery and Structure Activity Relationship Optimization of a Novel Rv1625c Agonist Chemotype with Antitubercular Activity

The paper identifies a novel Rv1625c agonist chemotype with antitubercular activity, optimizing its structure to improve potency and bioavailability.

Hypoxia drives asymmetric envelope remodelling to promote membrane adaptation and antibiotic tolerance in mycobacteria

This study shows hypoxia causes asymmetric remodeling of mycobacterial envelopes, leading to antibiotic tolerance by altering membrane order and hydration.