Regulation of Appetite and Obesity

Thalamo-insular basis for updating physiological needs

This study shows that thalamic inputs to the insular cortex update representations of physiological needs like thirst and hunger, and that inhibiting these inputs prevents such updates.

Functional characterization of the 26RFa/orexin neurons of the lateral hypothalamic area reveals their key role in the control of glucose homeostasis

The paper functionally characterizes 26RFa/orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamic area and finds they regulate glucose homeostasis through coordinated neuropeptidergic signaling.

Central platelet-rich plasma administration promotes weight loss in diet-induced obese mice

This study shows that central PRP administration reduces body weight and improves metabolic parameters in diet-induced obese mice through hypothalamic effects.

Parathyroid Hormone Receptor 1 Signaling Encodes Multifaceted Metabolic Programs in AgRP Neurons

This study identifies PTH1R signaling in AgRP neurons as a mechanism controlling feeding behavior and nutrient partitioning through distinct kinase activation and lipophagic processes.

Astrocyte fatty acid uptake and ketogenesis in the mediobasal hypothalamus coordinate adaptive metabolic responses against high-fat diet exposure in male rodents

This study shows that MBH astrocyte lipid metabolism, specifically fatty acid uptake and ketogenesis, plays a key role in regulating energy balance and mitigating high-fat diet-induced obesity in male rodents.

Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia activates microglia to promote satiety via an ASC dependent signaling.

This study shows that postprandial hypertriglyceridemia activates microglia to promote satiety via an ASC-dependent signaling pathway, which is sexually dimorphic and disrupted in obesity.

Intersectional genetic targeting of molecularly distinct melanin-concentrating hormone neuron subpopulations reveals distinct and overlapping subcircuit architecture

The paper identifies two molecularly distinct MCH neuron subpopulations in the LHA and characterizes their unique and overlapping anatomical projections using genetic and imaging approaches.

A Hypothalamic Pathway for Energy Conservation

This study identifies a hypothalamic pathway involving ARCAgRP neurons and the MnPO that triggers energy conservation during fasting.

C3a receptor signalling in ObRb-expressing neurons promotes leptin resistance and obesity-associated cardiac remodelling

This study identifies C3aR signaling in ObRb-expressing neurons as a pathway contributing to leptin resistance and obesity-related cardiac remodeling, with potential therapeutic implications.

Ciliary neurotrophic factor curbs palmitate-induced inflammatory and metabolic changes in NPY/AgRP hypothalamic neurons

This study shows that CNTF protects NPY/AgRP hypothalamic neurons from palmitate-induced inflammation and metabolic dysfunction by modulating signaling pathways and gene expression.

A learned oral signal drives long-lasting thirst satiation

The paper shows that sham drinking suppresses thirst-promoting neurons and this suppression is learned and persists after drinking stops.

A PVH-to-parabrachial BDNF circuit mediates non-aversive feeding suppression

The paper identifies a non-aversive feeding suppression circuit involving PVH-to-PBN BDNF neurons and shows their role in feeding regulation without inducing taste aversion.

Ghrelin inhibits courtship ultrasonic vocalization in male mice

This study investigates how ghrelin affects ultrasonic vocalizations and other courtship behaviors in male mice, finding that ghrelin reduces vocalization rates over time without affecting non-vocal behaviors.

Hypothalamic Farnesoid X Receptor deficiency alters energy balance by modulating hepatic glucose production and adipose tissue metabolism through central insulin signaling.

This study shows that hypothalamic FXR deficiency leads to positive energy balance by altering glucose metabolism and adipose tissue structure.

Aberrant microglial responses shape hypothalamic circuits in anorexia nervosa

The paper investigates microglial dysfunction in anorexia nervosa using patient-derived iPSCs and an animal model, finding altered synaptic interactions and signaling in hypothalamic circuits.

Lipid droplet lipolysis in POMC neurons regulates energy homeostasis in a sex-specific manner

This study shows that lipid droplet lipolysis in POMC neurons regulates energy homeostasis, with sex-specific effects on body weight and metabolism.

A hypothalamic circuit links hunger to mesolimbic dopamine to drive feeding

The paper identifies a hypothalamic-midbrain circuit where AgRP neurons modulate mesolimbic dopamine to drive feeding behavior in response to hunger.

Neuro-metabolic pathways of high-protein meal reducing food craving

This study shows that a high-protein meal increases plasma tyrosine, reduces food craving, and alters midbrain activity and whole-brain neural reorganization in humans.

A Female-Specific Microglial Redox Program Gates Susceptibility to Obesity

The paper identifies a female-specific microglial redox program that influences susceptibility to obesity by modulating metabolic resilience and mTORC1 signaling.

Long lasting alterations of feeding by adolescent obesity

This study investigates the long-term effects of adolescent exposure to an obesogenic diet on feeding behaviors in mice, finding sex-dependent changes in food intake without affecting preference for non-caloric rewards.

Dorsomedial striatal GABA dynamics organize palatable reward consumption and are reshaped by GLP-1 receptor agonism

This study shows that dorsomedial striatal GABA signals track palatable reward consumption and are altered by GLP-1 receptor agonism, affecting feeding behavior.

Semaglutide engages distinct brainstem-to-hypothalamus circuits to suppress motivated feeding and regulate ketogenesis and energy expenditure

This study identifies brainstem-to-hypothalamus circuits through which semaglutide regulates feeding and metabolism by suppressing AgRP neuron activation and modulating energy expenditure and ketogenesis.

Observational satiety: watching yourself eat induces more fullness than watching another

This paper shows that watching oneself eat increases fullness more than watching another eat, through distinct neural and social-cognitive mechanisms.

Biased signaling via NtsR1 restrains food intake and weight gain in obese mice

This study evaluates SBI-553, a biased NTSR1 modulator, showing it reduces food intake and weight regain in obese mice without affecting metabolic parameters.

A vagal sensory pathway for satiety suppression by intestinal fructose

The paper identifies a vagal sensory pathway activated by intestinal fructose that does not suppress food intake, unlike glucose, potentially contributing to overconsumption of fructose.

Distribution of the glucagon receptor in periventricular brain barrier interfaces including motile and primary cilia in rat brain

The paper identifies glucagon receptor localization in brain cilia and tanycytes in rats, suggesting a role in integrating metabolic signals with central homeostasis.

Hypothalamic neurosecretory protein GM causes fat deposition and suppresses gonadal maturation in Japanese quail

This study investigates the role of neurosecretory protein GM in energy allocation during sexual maturation in Japanese quail, showing it promotes fat deposition and suppresses gonadal maturation with sex-dependent metabolic effects.

Lateral hypothalamic GABAergic projections to the dorsal pons and lateral preoptic area in feeding, predation, and reinforcement

This study investigates the functional role of lateral hypothalamic GABAergic projections to the dorsal pons and lateral preoptic area in behaviors related to feeding, predation, and reinforcement.

Brain-wide mapping of proglucagon expression in mice identifies fasting-responsive GLP-1 neurons in the posterior hypothalamic nucleus

The paper maps Gcg-expressing neuron populations in mice, identifies fasting-responsive GLP-1 neurons in the posterior hypothalamic nucleus, and shows their projections and functional regulation.

Early ingestive experience with a high-fat diet tunes satiation and nutrient-specific appetitive behaviors

This study shows that early exposure to a high-fat diet in mice leads to premature maturation of satiation responses and lasting changes in appetitive behaviors, with sex-specific effects on overconsumption of calorie-dense foods.