Viral Infections and Immunology Research

A versatile and stable reporter platform for human rhinovirus and other enteroviruses

This paper develops a stable reporter platform for human rhinovirus and other enteroviruses by optimizing gene insertion and stability.

A CD4-CD8 T-cell circuit converts cardiac inflammation into tissue injury

This study shows that CD4-CD8 T-cell interactions are necessary for cardiac injury, as perforin-dependent cytotoxicity drives tissue damage despite ongoing inflammation.

Myocardial Inflammation and Necrosis in Juvenile Mice Compared with Adult Mice with Coxsackievirus B3 Myocarditis

This study compares myocardial inflammation and necrosis in juvenile and adult mice with coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis, finding greater inflammation in juveniles.

Enterovirus D68 2A protease causes nuclear pore complex dysfunction and independently contributes to motor neuron toxicity

This study shows that EV-D68 2A protease disrupts nuclear pore complex function and causes motor neuron toxicity independently of viral replication.

Enterovirus D68 VP1 and VP3 determine neurotropism in human spinal cord organoids

The paper investigates how mutations in EV-D68's VP1 and VP3 proteins affect neurotropism in human spinal cord organoids and links these findings to reduced neurovirulence observed after 2018.

Complete Genome Sequencing and Molecular Characterization of Indigenous Enterovirus A71 Genogroups D and G of India

The paper characterizes two indigenous EV-A71 genogroups (D and G) from India through genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, revealing their distinct evolutionary paths and geographic restriction.

Recombinant B3 clade enterovirus D68 strains are efficiently rescued in 293T cells and infect human spinal cord organoids.

This study develops a method to rescue B3 clade EV-D68 strains and shows they replicate more efficiently in spinal cord organoids than a neurovirulent B2 clade strain.

Treatment of murine autoimmune myocarditis with a novel monoclonal antibody that targets multiple inflammatory pathways

This paper demonstrates that targeting CD160+ cells with a monoclonal antibody prevents autoimmune-induced myocarditis by depleting NK cells and other cytotoxic T cells, inhibiting multiple inflammatory pathways.

Therapeutically targetable Th17-derived miR-721 drives autoimmune myocarditis through PPARγ repression

This study identifies miR-721 as a Th17-derived miRNA that drives autoimmune myocarditis by repressing PPARγ, offering a therapeutic target for treatment.

Non-polio enteroviruses compromise the electrophysiology of a human iPSC-derived neural network

This study investigates how EV-D68 and EV-A71 affect neural activity in human iPSC-derived neural co-cultures, finding virus-specific disruptions without correlation to replication efficiency.

Humoral correlates of protection in a mouse model of echovirus infection

This study develops a mouse model of echovirus infection and identifies humoral correlates of protection against the virus.

Tissue transcriptomics of endomyocardial biopsies reveals widespread molecular perturbations independent of leukocyte-rich foci in human myocarditis

This study uses spatial transcriptomics to show that myocarditis involves widespread molecular changes in cardiomyocytes, not just immune cell areas.

A single point mutation in the σ3 protein encoded by the reovirus S4 gene substantially attenuates the virulence of a highly myocarditic reassortant virus in neonatal mice

This study shows that a single point mutation in the σ3 protein of a reovirus reduces virulence and myocarditis in neonatal mice by enhancing innate immune responses.

Murine CMV Infection Unmasks Macrophage-Driven Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy in Pkp2, but not in Ttn Mutant Mice

This study shows that murine cytomegalovirus infection exacerbates inflammation in Pkp2 mutant mice but not in Ttn mutant mice, highlighting the interaction between genetic predisposition and environmental factors in cardiomyopathy.

Development of enterovirus trans-encapsidation assays as tools to understand viral entry.

This paper develops trans-encapsidation assays to study enterovirus entry, uncoating, and replication using reporter replicons and structural proteins expressed in trans.

Strain-Specific Tropism and Transcriptional Responses of Enterovirus D68 Infection in Human Spinal Cord Organoids

This study uses scRNA-seq to analyze EV-D68 infection in human spinal cord organoids, revealing strain-specific tropism and host transcriptional responses associated with AFM.

Human assembloid model of emergent neurotropic enteroviruses

The paper describes a human assembloid model to study enterovirus pathogenesis, showing that different EVs cause muscle contraction loss through distinct cellular mechanisms.

Integrated Bioinformatics analysis and Metabolomic Responses in finding novel therapeutic approach to treat viral myocarditis

This study identifies MAPK8 as a key biomarker and potential therapeutic target for myocarditis through integrated bioinformatics and metabolomic analyses.

Targeting Macrophage Folate Receptor-β for Diagnosis and Treatment of Autoimmune Myocarditis

This study targets macrophage folate receptor-β in autoimmune myocarditis to reduce macrophage infiltration using a folate-aminopterin conjugate.

Structure-Activity Relationship Studies Towards Analogues of Pleconaril as Novel Enterovirus-D68 Capsid-Targeting Antivirals

The paper investigates structure-activity relationships of pleconaril analogues against EV-D68, identifying compounds with antiviral activity and favorable ADME properties.

Sialic acid-containing glycolipids extend the receptor repertoire of Enterovirus-D68

This study identifies sialic acid-containing glycolipids as novel receptors for EV-D68 and shows that different strains prefer distinct sialic acid linkages.

Immune cells promote paralytic disease in mice infected with enterovirus D68

This study shows that immune cell infiltration into the spinal cord promotes paralysis in mice infected with EV-D68, suggesting immune cell targeting as a therapeutic strategy.

Novel murine model of human astrovirus infection reveals a cardiovascular tropism

This paper develops a novel murine model of human astrovirus infection, revealing a cardiovascular tropism and immune response mechanisms.

Enterovirus D68 infection of human inducible pluripotent stem cell-derived skeletal muscles resulted in structural destruction, loss of muscle function and hampered muscle regeneration

This study shows EV-D68 infects human skeletal muscles, causing structural damage, loss of function, and impaired regeneration.

Three Modes of Viral Adaption by the Heart

The paper identifies three host transcriptome adaptions in heart infections by cardio-pathogenic viruses, which are independent of the virus and reversible through pathway perturbation.

Single-cell virology: On-chip, quantitative characterization of the dynamics of virus spread from one single cell to another

This study uses a microfluidic device to characterize lytic and non-lytic virus spread between single cells, finding non-lytic spread is faster and more efficient.

Coxsackievirus group B3 regulates ASS1-mediated metabolic reprogramming and promotes macrophage inflammatory polarization in viral myocarditis

This study shows CVB3 infection upregulates ASS1 through citrulline consumption, leading to metabolic reprogramming and macrophage inflammatory polarization, contributing to viral myocarditis.

From Cardiac Myosin to the Beta Receptor: Autoantibodies Promote a Fibrotic Transcriptome and Reduced Ventricular Recovery in Human Myocarditis

This study identifies cardiac myosin autoantibodies associated with reduced ejection fraction and fibrotic transcriptomes in nonrecovered myocarditis patients.

Deciphering Immune Complexity: Single-Cell Insights into Autoimmune Myocarditis Progression

The paper uses single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze immune cell dynamics in autoimmune myocarditis across disease stages, identifying key signaling pathways and cellular transitions.

Spatiotemporal transcriptomics reveals pathogenesis of viral myocarditis

This study uses spatiotemporal transcriptomics to map reovirus-induced myocarditis in neonatal mice, revealing immune responses and cellular interactions in the heart and intestine.