Respiratory viral infections research

The actin-binding protein drebrin interacts with the respiratory syncytial virus matrix protein and promotes virus particle release.

This study identifies drebrin and TM9SF2 as host factors that regulate RSV release by promoting membrane scission during viral budding.

Metatranscriptomics reveals diverse microbial communities in PCR-negative severe acute respiratory infections

The paper uses metatranscriptomics to analyze PCR-negative SARI samples, identifying microbial transcripts in 43% of cases and highlighting polymicrobial compositions and novel pathogens.

Subtype-specific differences in susceptibility to monoclonal antibodies and vaccines among contemporary RSV-A and RSV-B isolates

The paper assesses subtype-specific neutralization resistance of RSV-A and RSV-B isolates to mAbs and vaccines, finding RSV-A more resistant and bivalent vaccines more effective.

RSV & rhinovirus coinfection order dictates outcome via type III interferon-mediated interference in infant respiratory epithelium

This study shows that the order of RSV and RV infection in infants determines disease outcome through type III interferon-mediated viral interference.

Distinct mechanisms of neutralization by antibodies targeting a conserved pneumovirus F epitope

This study identifies two antibody classes that neutralize pneumovirus by targeting a conserved epitope, revealing distinct mechanisms of action through structural and functional analyses.

Mutational constraints on RSV F and its neutralization by antibodies

This study defines how mutations in RSV F protein affect antibody neutralization and shows that resistance to nirsevimab is rare but possible.

Pan-neutralization of parainfluenza viruses by a hemagglutinin-neuraminidase antibody

This paper identifies a monoclonal antibody, PVA269, that broadly neutralizes multiple parainfluenza viruses by targeting the HN glycoprotein, showing potent prophylactic activity in a cotton rat model.

Arp2/3 complex-dependent actin remodeling is required for efficient RSV uncoating in A549 cells

This study shows that Arp2/3 complex-dependent actin remodeling is necessary for efficient RSV uncoating in A549 cells, as Arp2 knockout cells exhibit reduced infection and viral mRNA expression.

PIWIL4 regulates gene expression and piRNA levels in RSV-infected airway epithelial cells

This study identifies PIWIL4 as a regulator of gene expression and piRNA levels in RSV-infected airway epithelial cells, with implications for innate immune responses.

Architectural trade-offs between environmental stability and genomic redundancy reveal divergent pneumoviral entry strategies

The paper compares RSV and hMPV entry strategies, showing RSV uses structural organization for thermotolerance while hMPV uses genomic redundancy for stability.

Molecular basis for protection and cross-protection by human antibodies targeting the parainfluenza virus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein

This study identifies and characterizes two human monoclonal antibodies against PIV3 HN protein, revealing their epitopes and protective efficacy against PIV3 and PIV1.

A hierarchical activation threshold shapes RSV F antibody repertoires from toddler vulnerability to adult protection

This study identifies a hierarchical activation threshold in RSV F antibody repertoires, explaining pediatric vulnerability and adult protection through distinct antibody subclasses and epitope targeting.

Rational antigen engineering and mucosal delivery design for next-generation RSV vaccines

This paper develops a structure-guided RSV vaccine platform with stabilized prefusion F immunogens and mucosal delivery, showing protection in animal models and advancing to clinical trials.

Evidence for a biphasic mechanism of virus transmission of the human metapneumovirus in LLC-MK2 cell monolayers.

This study shows HMPV transmission in LLC-MK2 cells occurs in two phases: initial cell-to-cell spread via virus filaments, followed by cell-free virus spread linked to membrane changes and signaling pathway activation.

An immune-poised state of human bronchial epithelial cells mediates RSV resistance in adults

The paper identifies an age-associated immune-poised state in human bronchial epithelial cells that mediates RSV resistance in adults by enhancing RIG-I-STAT3 signaling.

Neutrophil myeloperoxidase as a functional biomarker for RSV severity: implications for in vitro therapeutic screening.

This study identifies neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPO) as a biomarker for RSV severity and demonstrates its utility as a functional readout for evaluating antiviral therapies in an in vitro model.

Genomic Surveillance of Respiratory Syncytial Virus among Patients with Acute Respiratory Infection through Hospital-Based Influenza Surveillance Platforms in Bangladesh, August 2024-December 2025

This study conducts whole-genome sequencing of RSV in Bangladesh, characterizing genetic diversity and vaccine targets, and deposits genomes in GISAID.

Early-life exposure to commensal lung bacteria primes innate antiviral immunity and prevents RSV immunopathology in neonatal mice

This study shows that early-life exposure to a specific lung bacterial strain reduces RSV immunopathology by enhancing antiviral immunity in neonatal mice and human airway models.

A novel antiviral strategy targeting human metapneumovirus through pH modulation in human airway epithelial cells

This study shows that PHOH-001, an inhaled alkaline buffer, reduces hMPV infection in airway epithelial cells by modulating pH and inhibiting viral replication and spread.

Functional Characterization of RSV Clades Associated with Prophylactic Breakthrough Infections in Pediatric Transmission Clusters

This study investigates RSV clades associated with prophylactic breakthrough infections in pediatric transmission clusters and finds that clade associations are driven by transmission dynamics rather than resistance.

Multi-omic analysis identifies mitochondrial dysfunction as a conserved driver of acute severity and long-term complications in RSV infection

This paper identifies mitochondrial dysfunction as a key driver of RSV infection severity and long-term complications through multi-omic analysis across multiple datasets and systems.

Antiviral activity of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin against Respiratory Syncytial Virus

This study shows that indomethacin has antiviral activity against RSV by interfering with F-protein expression, suggesting it could be used to treat RSV infections.

In vitro liquid-liquid phase separation induced by respiratory syncytial virus proteins and RNA

This study characterizes liquid-liquid phase separation driven by RSV proteins and RNA, identifying key interactions and stoichiometric requirements for condensate formation.

Unique nasal cell states induced by common pediatric respiratory viruses

This study maps virus-specific nasal cell states in children using single-cell RNA sequencing and links them to disease severity and asthma risk.

A confirmatory, dual-centric non-human primate study on the efficacy of novel oropharyngeal spray immunization with an adenoviral vector vaccine against RSV -- Important lessons learned

This study evaluates a DNA-adenoviral prime-boost vaccine for RSV in non-human primates, showing reduced viral replication but challenges in multi-centre trials.

Mutations and predicted glycosylation patterns in respiratory syncytial virus isolates correlate with disease severity.

The paper analyzes RSV isolates to identify mutations and glycosylation patterns linked to disease severity in hospitalized infants.

The actin motor protein MYO10 facilitates post-entry spread of respiratory syncytial virus

This study identifies MYO10 as a host factor critical for RSV post-entry spread, showing that its disruption reduces viral dissemination without affecting early infection stages.

A Respiratory Syncytial Virus trailer sequence modulates viral replication and copy-back defective viral genome generation and propagation kinetics

Characterizing Co-Circulating Respiratory Virus Genomic Diversity in Switzerland with Hybrid-Capture Sequencing and Phylogenetic Reconstructions: Insights into the 2023/24 Season

The paper characterizes respiratory virus genomic diversity in Switzerland using hybrid-capture sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, identifying prevalent strains and evolutionary insights.

Unraveling the Dual Immunomodulatory and Immunogenic Roles of the Central Conserved Cysteine-Rich Region in Respiratory Syncytial Virus G Protein

This paper investigates how the redox state of the RSV G protein's central conserved cysteine-rich domain (CCD) influences its immunomodulatory and immunogenic properties, showing that monomeric forms suppress immune activation while oligomerization removes this effect.