Immune responses and vaccinations

IFNγ-induced memory in human macrophages is not sustained by epigenetic changes but the durability of the cytokine itself

This study shows that IFNγ-induced memory in macrophages relies on ongoing cytokine signaling, not epigenetic changes, as cytokine removal reverses enhancer formation and memory.

Tolerance to Lung Infection in TWIK2 K+ Efflux Mediated Macrophage Trained Immunity

This paper identifies ATP-mediated TWIK2 channel activation in alveolar macrophages as a mechanism for trained immunity and enhanced microbial killing.

Intravenous BCG immunization drives naive CD4+ T cell to Th1 differentiation via CD4+ T cell epigenetic reprogramming

This study shows that IV BCG immunization promotes Th1 differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells through epigenetic reprogramming and enhances antiviral activity against RSV.

Setdb2 Regulates Inflammatory Trigger-Induced Trained Immunity of Macrophages Through Two Different Epigenetic Mechanisms

This study shows Setdb2 regulates trained immunity in macrophages through two distinct epigenetic mechanisms, differing between pathogenic and sterile inflammatory triggers.

Trained Immunity Causes Myeloid Cell Hypercoagulability

This study identifies enhanced myeloid cell prothrombotic activity as a novel consequence of trained immunity, mediated by epigenetic changes and acid sphingomyelinase.

An immunologist, ecologist and clinician walk into Plato's cave to discuss infections

The paper identifies five immune response archetypes in mice infected with Plasmodium chabaudi and shows tradeoffs between resistance to different pathogens.

Trained Immunity Affecting Dendritic Cell Differentiation and Function in Rheumatoid Arthritis

This study shows that trained immunity affects dendritic cell differentiation and function in rheumatoid arthritis, altering their gene expression and immune responses.

Innate Immune Memory is Stimulus Specific

This study shows that innate immune memory in macrophages is stimulus-specific, with distinct phenotypic and epigenetic responses depending on the initial training stimulus.

Schistosoma mansoni antigen induced innate immune memory features mitochondrial biogenesis and can be inhibited by ovarian produced hormones

This study shows that Schistosoma mansoni antigens induce innate immune training in males but not females, which can be inhibited by ovarian hormones and involves mitochondrial biogenesis.

Pre-stimulation of Precision-Cut bovine udder slices with zymosan before LPS exposure indicates indicators for trained immunity

This study uses precision-cut bovine udder slices to investigate trained immunity indicators in mastitis, showing distinct cytokine and lipid mediator responses to zymosan and LPS stimulation.

Long-term immune changes after COVID-19 and the effect of BCG vaccination and latent infections on disease severity

This study examines long-term immune changes post-COVID-19 and the impact of BCG vaccination and latent infections on disease severity.

Early and Delayed STAT1-Dependent Responses Drive Local Trained Immunity of Macrophages in the Spleen

This study identifies early and delayed STAT1-dependent responses in splenic macrophages that drive trained immunity, enhancing protection against Salmonella Typhimurium infection.

β-glucan reprograms alveolar macrophages via neutrophil/IFNγ axis to promote lung injury

BCG immunization-induced KLRG1+ NK cells show memory-like responses to mycobacterial and HIV antigens

This study shows BCG vaccination induces KLRG1+ NK cells that produce IFN-gamma in response to both MTB and HIV antigens, suggesting memory-like immunity against these pathogens.

Epigenetic Reprogramming Mediates Monocyte and Heterologous T Cell-derived Cytokine Responses after BCG Vaccination

This study investigates how DNA methylation changes after BCG vaccination influence cytokine responses and identifies epigenetic pathways mediating genetic effects on immune responses.

A systems vaccinology resource to develop and test computational models of immunity

The paper evaluates computational models predicting immune responses to Pertussis Booster vaccinations using a new community resource, finding that existing models perform poorly and new models show variable performance based on features and strategies.

Trained immunity in human monocyte enhances myeloid-T-cell pathogenic crosstalk in Ankylosing Spondylitis

The paper identifies trained immunity in AS monocytes and shows their enhanced response to T-cell activation, contributing to Th17 responses and disease pathology.

The Immune Signatures Data Resource: A compendium of systems vaccinology datasets

The paper introduces the Immune Signatures Data Resource, a compendium of standardized systems vaccinology datasets for comparative vaccine response analysis.

An innate immune activation state prior to vaccination predicts responsiveness to multiple vaccines

The paper identifies a pre-vaccination transcriptional state linked to pro-inflammatory genes that predicts higher antibody responses to multiple vaccines.

Epidemiological transcriptomic data supports BCG protection in viral diseases including COVID-19

The paper analyzes transcriptomic data to show BCG vaccination induces long-lasting transcriptomic changes that both mimic and oppose viral infections, offering insights into its potential protection against COVID-19.