Treatment of Major Depression

Overlapping yet distinct spatiomolecular profiles across mood disorders and biological sex in the human prefrontal cortex

The paper uses spatial transcriptomics to analyze molecular differences in mood disorders and biological sex in the human prefrontal cortex, identifying sex- and disorder-specific gene expression patterns.

Polygenic and familial contributions to antidepressant continuation, switching, discontinuation and augmentation in the All of Us and Pharmlines cohorts

The paper investigates polygenic and familial factors influencing antidepressant treatment outcomes in two cohorts, finding associations between depression polygenic scores and treatment switching, with some links to schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Integrative Multi-Tissue Analysis Identifies Synaptic Gene Networks Specific to Major Depressive Disorder in Women

The paper identifies synaptic gene networks specific to MDD in women by analyzing peripheral blood and brain transcriptomes, finding shared transcriptional signals across human and mouse models.

A proteomic feasibility study connecting metabolic and synaptic pathway alterations in serum and extracellular vesicles to characterize treatment-resistant depression

This study compares serum and extracellular vesicle proteomes to identify pathway differences between treatment-resistant depression and non-treatment-resistant depression, finding distinct metabolic and synaptic pathway alterations in EVs.

Elunetirom, a brain-targeted TRβ prodrug, promotes neuronal plasticity and mitochondrial biogenesis-related signaling in primary neuronal cultures

Elunetirom and LL-340001 enhance neuronal plasticity and mitochondrial biogenesis in neuronal cultures, suggesting potential for treating depression.

Acute ketamine treatment produces long-term anxiolytic effects despite increasing oxidative stress in female Wistar Kyoto rats

This study examines the long-term anxiolytic effects of acute ketamine in female WKY rats, finding dose- and time-dependent behavioral changes alongside increased oxidative stress.

Aberrant neuron-OPC synaptic transmission and deficient myelination define sex bias in major depressive disorder

This study identifies sex-specific mechanisms in major depressive disorder, highlighting impaired neuron-OPC communication and myelination in females.

Exercise-induced sweat suppresses depression-like behaviors in mice

This study shows that exercise-induced sweat reduces depression-like behaviors in mice, with effects comparable to or better than fluoxetine.

Transcriptomic profiling of the human habenula reveals a shared molecular architecture across mood disorders

The paper identifies a shared molecular signature in the habenula across mood disorders using bulk RNA sequencing and differential transcript usage analysis.

(2R,6R)-Hydroxynorketamine elicits rapid antidepressant effects by promoting astrocytic μ-δ opioid receptor heterodimerization

This study identifies HNK's mechanism of action through astrocytic μ-δ opioid receptor heterodimerization, showing it restores these heterodimers and produces rapid antidepressant effects.

Astrocytic μ-δ opioid receptor heterodimers mediate the antidepressant effects of ketamine's metabolite

This paper identifies HNK as a compound that targets astrocytic μ-δ opioid receptor heterodimers to mediate antidepressant effects through Gs signaling and CREB activation.

Antidepressant mechanism and treatment response define distinct hippocampal-amygdala circuit biomarkers during emotional memory in humans

The paper examines how antidepressant mechanisms and treatment response affect hippocampal-amygdala circuit activity during emotional memory tasks in humans.

Antidepressant Effects of Lauric Acid in a Corticosterone-Induced Murine Model of Depression: Behavioral and Neurochemical Insights

This study investigates the antidepressant effects of lauric acid in a corticosterone-induced murine model of depression, showing behavioral improvements without significant neurochemical changes.

Molecular Characterization of the Progressive Landscape of Depression

This study identifies progressive molecular differences in depression across clinical stages using RNA-seq data, revealing shared and distinct pathways and cell-type-specific changes associated with symptom dimensions and therapeutic targets.

Hippocampal Glucuronyl C5-epimerase promotes stress resilience by directly engaging PI3K through a non-enzymatic mechanism

This study identifies Glce as a non-enzymatic regulator of hippocampal dendritic integrity and stress resilience through direct activation of PI3K, revealing a novel mechanism in depression pathophysiology.

Pharmacodynamic profiles inform systematization, efficacy and whole-brain drug distribution profiles in 18 antidepressants

This study examines the molecular affinities of 18 antidepressants, identifies three clusters, and links receptor affinity to efficacy and brain distribution.

Unexpected antidepressant-like effects of temozolomide in a mixed sex-cohort of adult rats: role of hippocampal FADD protein

This study shows temozolomide induces antidepressant-like effects in rats, associated with reduced hippocampal FADD, challenging the link between neurogenesis and antidepressant efficacy.

Modelling the polygenicity and clinical heterogeneity of human depression in mice to identify biomarkers of antidepressant response

The paper develops two polygenic mouse models of depression, H-TST and H-FST, to identify biomarkers of antidepressant response in humans.

Fluoxetine-induced neurogenesis and chronic antidepressant effects requires the dopamine D2 receptor.

This study shows that chronic fluoxetine's antidepressant effects and neurogenesis require the dopamine D2 receptor, with implications for treatment response and drug interactions.

Increased Aperiodic Exponents Track Depression Symptom Severity

This study shows that aperiodic exponents from intracranial EEG can differentiate depression symptom severity and correlate with specific brain regions and networks.

Fast-acting antidepressants trigger presynaptic BDNF release and structural plasticity at mouse mossy fiber-CA3 synapses

This study shows fast-acting antidepressants like ketamine trigger BDNF release from presynaptic terminals in mouse hippocampal neurons, leading to structural plasticity in CA3 pyramidal neurons.

2-AG as a potential biomarker for predicting response to short-term fluoxetine treatment in a mouse model of depression

Negative allosteric modulation of α5-GABAA receptors engages dynamic cortical glutamatergic and GABAergic mechanisms underlying adaptive behavior in mice

This study shows that Basmisanil enhances cortical plasticity and adaptive behaviors in mice by modulating α5-GABAAR, involving glutamatergic and GABAergic mechanisms.

Multi-Timescale Neural Adaptation Failure as a Mechanistic Signature of Major Depression

This paper identifies neural adaptation failure as a core mechanism of major depression, showing it outperforms traditional measures in classification and provides a scalable biomarker.

Varied monoamine reuptake inhibitors reduce parvalbumin expression; implications for pyramidal cell disinhibition and enhanced neuroplasticity

This study examines the effects of three monoamine reuptake inhibitors on parvalbumin expression and PNN remodeling in animal models, finding shared reductions in PV levels and increased PNN degrading effectors.

Normative modeling of brain morphology reveals neuroanatomical heterogeneity and biological subtypes in major depressive disorder

This study uses normative modeling to identify neuroanatomical subtypes in MDD based on gray matter volume deviations, revealing distinct clinical and treatment response patterns.

Dynamic Epigenetic Changes During Antidepressant Pharmacotherapy in Major Depressive Disorder

This study identifies DNA methylation changes over time during antidepressant treatment in MDD, linking them to neuroplasticity and inflammation, and shows differences between responders and non-responders.

Chronic cervical vibration ameliorates depression-like behavior in Wistar-Kyoto rats

This study shows chronic cervical vibration reduces depression-like behaviors in WKY rats without altering c-Fos expression in key brain regions.

Is poor dose selection undermining the translational validity of antidepressant research involving animal models?

This study examines dose selection in animal models of antidepressants and finds that conventional models often use doses higher than clinical equivalents, potentially leading to irrelevant mechanisms being studied.

Ketamine strengthens synaptic inputs to the dorsal raphe to boost serotonergic activity: pivotal for rapid antidepressant-like effects

This study shows low-dose ketamine increases synaptic inputs to serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe, boosting serotonin release and hippocampal neurogenesis, linking rapid antidepressant effects to serotonergic plasticity.