Tryptophan and brain disorders

Organic cation transporter 2 contributes to SSRI antidepressant efficacy by controlling tryptophan availability in the brain

This study shows OCT2 regulates tryptophan availability in the brain, affecting SSRI efficacy in a depression model.

Reducing brain kynurenic acid synthesis precludes kynurenine-induced sleep disturbances

The paper investigates how inhibiting kynurenine aminotransferase II (KAT II) affects sleep disturbances caused by kynurenine in rats.

The bioactive dietary polyphenol preparation alleviates depression and anxiety-like behaviors by modulating the regional heterogeneity of microglia morphology.

This study shows that a grape-derived polyphenol preparation reduces depression and anxiety-like behaviors in mice by altering microglia morphology and modulating inflammatory pathways.

Fatigue during acute systemic inflammation is associated with reduced mental effort expenditure while task accuracy is preserved

The paper investigates how acute systemic inflammation affects mental effort allocation and decision-making, finding reduced acceptance of medium-effort tasks with preserved accuracy.

Sex-specific effects of voluntary wheel running on behavior and the gut microbiota-immune-brain axis in mice

This study examines sex-specific effects of voluntary wheel running on behavior and the gut microbiota-immune-brain axis in mice, finding differential impacts on weight, anxiety-like behaviors, and inflammatory markers.

Kynurenine aminotransferase II inhibition promotes sleep and rescues impairments induced by neurodevelopmental insult

This study shows that inhibiting KAT II reduces KYNA levels, improving sleep quality in rats exposed to embryonic kynurenine and in controls.

Methylglyoxal is the main culprit to impairing neuronal function: mediated through tryptophan depletion.

This study shows that methylglyoxal impairs neuronal function and induces depression by depleting tryptophan and disrupting its metabolism in the brain and intestine.

Social deficits induced by pervasive environmental stressors are prevented by microbial or dopaminergic modulation

The paper shows that prenatal exposure to air pollution and maternal stress in mice causes social deficits in male offspring, which can be prevented by microbiome modulation or dopamine activation.

Modulating the Kynurenine pathway or sequestering toxic 3-hydroxykynurenine protects the retina from light induced damage in Drosophila

Clenbuterol Attenuates Immune Reaction to Lipopolysaccharide and Its Relationship to Anhedonia in Adolescents

This study examines how clenbuterol reduces immune activation in adolescents exposed to LPS and links immune biomarkers to anhedonia.

Increased levels of circulating neurotoxic metabolites in patients with mild Covid19

The paper finds increased levels of neurotoxic metabolites in mild COVID-19 patients, associated with inflammation and hypertension.

Attenuated transcriptional response to pro-inflammatory cytokines in schizophrenia hiPSC-derived neural progenitor cells

The paper shows that schizophrenia hiPSC-derived NPCs have a reduced transcriptional response to IFN-gamma compared to controls, with implications for synaptic development and mitochondrial genes.

Inflammation as a Silent Partner in Opioid Addiction: A Regulatory Logic Model

The paper constructs a regulatory network model of 44 immune and neurotransmission mediators to show that inflammation is linked to chronic pain, depression, and opioid addiction through increased NF-kB and inflammatory signaling proteins.

Ventral Hippocampal Infusions of C20:0 Ceramide Stimulate Microglia and Induce Anhedonia-like Behavior in Female and Male Rats

This study shows that localized infusion of C20:0 ceramides into the ventral hippocampus of rats activates microglia and induces reversible anhedonia-like behavior.

Mouse models of immune dysfunction: Their neuroanatomical differences reflect their anxiety-behavioural phenotype

The paper uses MRI and Bayesian hierarchical modeling to show that immune dysfunction in mice affects specific brain regions and correlates with anxiety-like behaviors.

Differential effects of early or late exposure to prenatal maternal immune activation on mouse embryonic neurodevelopment

This study examines how early or late prenatal maternal immune activation affects mouse embryo brain development, finding distinct neuroanatomical changes depending on exposure timing.

Interferon-γ Exposure of Human iPSC-derived Neurons Alters Major Histocompatibility Complex I and Synapsin I Protein Expression

This study shows that IFN-γ exposure in human iPSC-derived neurons increases MHCI and C4A expression while decreasing synapsin I protein, suggesting a role in neurodevelopmental disorders.

Distinct trans-placental effects of maternal immune activation by TLR3 and TLR7 agonists: implications for schizophrenia risk

This study compares the effects of TLR3 and TLR7 agonists on maternal blood, placenta, and fetal brain in mice, revealing distinct immune responses and implications for schizophrenia risk.

Lithium inhibits tryptophan catabolism via the inflammation-induced kynurenine pathway in human microglia

This study shows lithium inhibits the inflammatory kynurenine pathway in human microglia by reducing IDO1 activity through modulation of STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation.

Indoxyl sulfate, a gut microbiome-derived uremic toxin, is associated with psychic anxiety and its functional magnetic resonance imaging-based neurologic signature

The paper links indoxyl sulfate, a gut microbiome-derived metabolite, to anxiety symptoms and specific brain connectivity patterns in patients with depression.

Kynurenine pathway in post-mortem prefrontal cortex and cerebellum in schizophrenia: relationship with monoamines and symptomatology.

This study examines kynurenine pathway (KP) alterations in post-mortem prefrontal cortex and cerebellum of schizophrenia patients, linking KP changes to monoamine metabolism and symptomatology.

Hidden Talents: Poly (I:C)-induced maternal immune activation improves mouse visual discrimination performance and reversal learning in a sex-dependent manner.

This study shows that maternal immune activation in mice improves visual discrimination and reversal learning in a sex-dependent manner, with potential compensatory plasticity mechanisms.

Inter-breeder differences in prepulse inhibition deficits of C57BL/6J mice in a maternal infection model for schizophrenia

This study shows that maternal infection with Poly(I:C) affects prepulse inhibition in offspring differently depending on the breeder, but not startle response or adaptation.

Postpartum corticosterone and fluoxetine shift the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in dams

This study examines how postpartum corticosterone and fluoxetine affect the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in dams, showing increased neurotoxic metabolites and limited SSRI efficacy.

Neonatal LPS exposure reduces ATP8A2 level in the prefrontal cortex in mice via increasing IFN-γ level

The paper shows neonatal LPS exposure reduces PFC ATP8A2 in mice by increasing IFN-γ, which is linked to depressive-like behaviors.

Early or late gestational exposure to maternal immune activation alters neurodevelopmental trajectories in mice: an integrated neuroimaging, behavioural, and transcriptional study

This study shows that early gestational MIA exposure in mice leads to lasting brain and behavioral changes, while late exposure has less impact, with molecular changes in the dorsal hippocampus.

Subtle alterations in neonatal neurodevelopment following early or late exposure to prenatal maternal immune activation

This study investigates the effects of early and late prenatal maternal immune activation on neonatal neurodevelopment using behavioral and MRI assessments, finding subtle impacts on communication and brain anatomy.

Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in a Rat Model of Co-Morbid Obesity and Psychogenic Stress

This study examines the effects of diet-induced obesity and psychogenic stress on neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in rats, finding synergistic increases in biomarkers and associations with anxiety-like behaviors.

Alterations in retrotransposition, synaptic connectivity, and myelination implicated by transcriptomic changes following maternal immune activation in non-human primates

This study identifies transcriptomic changes in non-human primate brains exposed to maternal immune activation, revealing alterations in retrotransposition, synaptic connectivity, and myelination.

Integration of behavioral and biological variables using penalized regression: an application to the maternal immune activation model of autism

The paper applies penalized regression to a dataset of 26 variables from 67 male pups to identify factors associated with maternal immune activation (MIA) and its effects on neurodevelopment.