Tryptophan and brain disorders

IFNγ-associated immune--metabolic remodeling drives serotonin-kynurenine imbalance with cortical vulnerability in lupus-prone mice

This study identifies IFNγ-driven immune-metabolic changes in lupus-prone mice that lead to serotonin-kynurenine imbalance and cortical vulnerability.

Developing Interferon-β as a safe in-vivo experimental-medicine model of human inflammation.

This paper develops IFN-β as a safe in-vivo model of human inflammation, inducing robust sickness responses with minimal cardiovascular effects in healthy volunteers aged 18-75.

Exploration of Novel Biomarkers through a Precision Medicine Approach Using Multi-omics and Brain Organoids in Patients with Atypical Depression and Psychotic Symptoms

This study identifies novel biomarkers in atypical depression with psychotic symptoms using multi-omics and brain organoids, revealing immune and neurological alterations.

Kmo restricts Salmonella in a whole organism infection model by promoting macrophage lysosomal acidification through kainate receptor antagonism.

The paper shows that Kmo produces 3-HK, which promotes macrophage lysosomal acidification via kainate receptor antagonism, enhancing resistance to Salmonella infection.

Peripheral Inflammation Limits Serotonin Neuron Signaling Capacity via Serotonergic IL-1R1 to Reduce Neuronal Excitability and Enhance Serotonin Clearance

This study identifies how peripheral inflammation reduces serotonin neuron signaling through IL-1R1-mediated pathways, decreasing neuronal excitability and increasing serotonin clearance.

Tryptophan metabolite atlas uncovers organ, age, and sex-specific variations

This study maps tryptophan metabolites across multiple tissues, sexes, and ages in mice, revealing significant variations in metabolism that could inform disease-targeted therapies.

MRI-Derived Markers of Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Processes in the VTA Associated with Depression

The paper identifies MRI-derived markers in the VTA linked to depression diagnosis and symptom severity, showing distinct patterns of neuroinflammation and microstructural changes.

Immunometabolic state modulation of sequential decision making in patch-foraging mice

This study shows that systemic inflammation increases exploitative behavior in mice during patch-foraging tasks, suggesting a link between immunometabolic states and decision-making.

Differential alterations in peripheral tryptophan pathways in methamphetamine versus MDMA users are linked to their contrasting psychiatric symptoms

This study compares serum tryptophan pathway alterations in chronic METH and MDMA users, finding distinct metabolic changes linked to psychiatric symptoms.

Monocyte Dysregulation Defines an MDD-Specific Transcriptional Signature Closely Linked to Clinical MDD Traits

The paper identifies a monocyte dysregulation signature in MDD linked to clinical symptoms using CITE-Seq data from PBMCs.

Lcn2 deficiency leads to social impairments independent of maternal immune activation.

This study shows that Lcn2 deficiency causes social impairments in offspring independent of maternal immune activation, with no additive effects when combined.

Maternal immune activation during the lactational period alters offspring behavior, reproductive development, and immune function in mice

Disease Severity Across Psychiatric Disorders Is Linked to Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines

This study identifies two clusters of severe mental disorder patients with differing illness severity, finding elevated pro-inflammatory serum proteins in the more severe group.

A computational account of joint SSRI and anti-inflammatory treatment

The paper develops a computational model to explore how inflammation, serotonin levels, and brain activity interact, and how anti-inflammatory and antidepressant treatments affect depressive symptoms.

Parental kynurenine 3-monooxygenase genotype in mice directs sex-specific behavioral outcomes in offspring

This study shows that parental Kmo genotype affects offspring behavior and sleep in sex-specific ways through changes in the kynurenine pathway and brain mitochondrial function.

N-formylkynurenine but not kynurenine enters a nucleophile-scavenging branch of the immune-regulatory kynurenine pathway

The paper shows N-formylkynurenine (NFK) undergoes non-enzymatic deamination to form reactive adducts, distinct from kynurenine (KYN), highlighting a new branch of the kynurenine pathway with implications for immune regulation and protein modification.

Kynurenine Metabolism is Associated with Antidepressant Response to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

This study examines how changes in kynurenine pathway metabolite ratios relate to antidepressant response in patients treated with SSRIs, finding specific shifts in neuroprotective-to-neurotoxic metabolite balances.

Overactivation of prefrontal astrocytes impairs cognition through the metabolic pathway of central kynurenines

This study shows that overactivation of prefrontal astrocytes in mice impairs cognition and PV interneuron function through increased kynurenine pathway metabolite KYNA.

Dysregulation of synaptic-related genes within neuroimmune networks of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in major depressive disorder

The paper identifies synaptic-related gene dysregulation in PBMCs of MDD patients, highlighting shared molecular signatures with brain regions and potential biomarkers for depression.

Embryo-restricted responses to maternal IL-17A promote neurodevelopmental disorders in mouse offspring

This study establishes a novel mouse model of prenatal IL-17A imprinting, showing embryo-restricted responses lead to behavioral deficits in offspring.

Intron retention can be an excellent marker for evaluating the depressed state and useful for discovering new pathways in the recovery of depression by a drug.

The paper identifies intron retention (IR) as a biomarker for depression and shows its utility in discovering recovery pathways through RNA-seq analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

A double hit affecting the IKZF1-IKZF2 tandem in immune cells of schizophrenic patients regulate specific symptoms

The paper shows that reduced IKZF1 and IKZF2 in immune cells of schizophrenic patients leads to impaired neural circuits and schizophrenia-like symptoms in mice and human cell models.

A hidden mark of a troubled past: neuroimaging and transcriptomic analyses reveal interactive effects of maternal immune activation and adolescent THC exposure in the absence of overt behavioural disruptions

The paper investigates the combined effects of maternal immune activation and adolescent THC exposure in rats, revealing brain and transcriptomic changes without overt behavioral disruptions.

Psoriasis-related neuroinflammation disrupts thalamostriatal signalling driving anhedonia in both humans and mice

This study identifies thalamostriatal circuit disruption as a conserved neuroinflammatory mechanism linking systemic inflammation to depression and anhedonia in humans and mice.

Kynurenic acid inflammatory signaling expands in primates and impairs prefrontal cortical cognition

This study shows that kynurenic acid (KYNA) and its enzyme KAT II expand in primate dlPFC, impairing cognitive functions by affecting NMDA and nic-7Rs, and suggests targeting KYNA as a therapeutic approach for neuroinflammatory disorders.

Quinolinic acid links kidney injury to brain toxicity

This study identifies quinolinic acid as a key metabolite linking kidney injury to brain toxicity through the kynurenine pathway in mice and humans.

LPS-Induced Inflammation Reduces GABAergic Interneuron markers and Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor in Mouse Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus

This study shows that LPS-induced inflammation reduces GABAergic interneuron markers and BDNF in mouse prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, suggesting a link to MDD pathophysiology.

Metabolomics of Mouse Embryonic CSF Following Maternal Immune Activation

This study uses metabolomics to analyze changes in mouse embryonic CSF after maternal immune activation, identifying elevated glucocorticoids and kynurenine pathway metabolites.

The role of IL-6 in dopamine dysregulation underlying anhedonia phenotype in rats

This study investigates how chronic ACTH treatment induces anhedonia-like behavior in rats by altering peripheral inflammation and central dopamine dynamics, with limited reversal by bupropion.

Kynurenic acid promotes activity-dependent synaptic pruning in schizophrenia

This study shows that kynurenic acid promotes microglia-mediated synaptic pruning in schizophrenia by reducing neuronal activity and linking genetic risk variants to KYNA production.