HIV Research and Treatment

HIV-1 Tat protects macrophages from killing by the Exoenzyme U from Pseudomonas aeruginosa

This paper shows HIV-1 Tat protects macrophages from ExoU-mediated toxicity by interfering with ExoU recruitment to PI(4,5)P2, while also enhancing toxicity of ExoU-deficient PAE.

Structural Basis for Dimeric Genome Selection by HIV-1

This study identifies how dimeric HIV-1 RNA structures facilitate Gag protein assembly, revealing a structural mechanism for genome packaging.

Viral load-driven systemic immune exhaustion is an enabler of antibody breadth in HIV infection

The paper identifies viral load-driven immune exhaustion as a factor enabling antibody breadth in HIV infection by analyzing longitudinal data from a Kenyan cohort.

An Aurora Kinase-Dependent Role for Vif in Regulating HIV-1-Induced Cell-Cell Fusion

This study shows Vif regulates HIV-1-induced cell-cell fusion through Aurora kinase signaling, with Ezrin as a downstream effector.

Modeling quantifies in vivo neutralization, Fc-mediated killing, and resistance in human clinical trials of five anti-HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies

The paper models in vivo functions of five anti-HIV bnAbs using clinical trial data to quantify neutralization, Fc-mediated killing, and resistance.

HIV-1-induced small T cell syncytia: susceptibility to direct NK cell killing

This study identifies HIV-1-induced small T cell syncytia as a distinct infected subpopulation with increased susceptibility to NK cell killing.

A geometric criterion links HIV-1 capsid topography to its biophysical properties and function

The paper introduces a geometric criterion to quantify deviations in HIV-1 capsid structure from idealized models and links these deviations to biophysical properties and function.

A screen of chromatin-targeting compounds identifies TAF1 as a novel regulator of HIV latency

The paper identifies TAF1 as a novel regulator of HIV latency through a chemical screen and genetic experiments, showing its role in maintaining viral transcriptional silence.

Cryoelectron tomography of HIV-1 cell-cell transmission conjugates reveals a secluded environment for viral assembly and transfer

This study uses cryoET to reveal that HIV-1 cell-cell transmission occurs in secluded intercellular spaces, and develops flow cytometry to show CD4 partially mediates conjugate formation but not entry.

Multiplex engineering of rhesus macaque NK cells enhances homing to sites of HIV replication in B cell follicles.

This study develops and tests multiplex-engineered NK cells in rhesus macaques to target HIV reservoirs by enhancing homing to B cell follicles.

Type I IFN reprograms CD4⁺ T cell lipid metabolism as an antiviral effector mechanism during acute HIV/SIV infection

The paper investigates how type I IFN reprograms CD4⁺ T cell lipid metabolism during acute HIV/SIV infection and identifies metabolic changes linked to viral reservoir establishment.

Transcriptionally Active HIV Reservoirs Enriched for Interferon-Inducible APOBEC3-Related Mutational Signatures Associate with Arterial Inflammation

This study finds that APOBEC3-associated premature stop codon signatures in HIV reservoirs are linked to aortic inflammation in ART-suppressed individuals, suggesting a role in cardiovascular risk.

Transcriptionally Active HIV Reservoirs Enriched for Interferon-Inducible APOBEC3-Related Mutational Signatures Associate with Reduced Neuroaxonal Integrity

The paper investigates how transcriptionally active HIV-1 reservoirs with APOBEC3-associated mutational signatures affect neuroaxonal integrity in individuals on suppressive antiretroviral therapy.

Negative HIV serology in perinatally infected children after early treatment and viral suppression: an exploratory analysis of immune correlates

This study identifies immune correlates associated with negative HIV serology in early-treated children with HIV, showing it correlates with early ART initiation, viral suppression, and preserved immune function.

Inhibiting Glycan Degradation Prevents HIV-Induced Inflammaging and Cognitive Impairment

This study shows that inhibiting glycan degradation prevents HIV-induced inflammation, aging, and cognitive impairment in animal models and human cohorts.

Phylodynamic Analysis of the Global Dispersal and Spatiotemporal Dynamics of HIV-1 Subtype C

This study benchmarks phylodynamic methods to analyze HIV-1 subtype C dispersal, finding robust spatial transmission patterns despite methodological variability in temporal estimates.

Enhanced strand transfer and mismatch extension by HIV-1C reverse transcriptase promote sequence motif duplication

This study identifies subtype-specific biochemical properties of HIV-1C reverse transcriptase that enhance sequence motif duplication through improved strand transfer and mismatch extension.

Immune activation during broadly neutralizing antibody-mediated HIV suppression prior to post-intervention control

This study shows that bNAb-mediated HIV suppression is linked to increased immune activation compared to ART suppression, with unique transcriptional patterns in controllers.

Mapping the vRNA Interaction with HIV-1 Integrase

The paper maps interactions between HIV-1 Integrase and viral RNA, identifying new critical amino acids in the CTD essential for viral replication and core morphology.

Antiviral and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Cannabidiol in HIV/SIV Infection

This study shows CBD reduces viral replication and immune activation in HIV/SIV models, suggesting it could be a useful adjunct to antiretroviral therapy.

AZD5582 robustly reactivates latently infected cells and clears the majority of those reactivated from the SIV reservoir

This study quantifies AZD5582's effect on SIV reservoirs in macaques, showing it reactivates 25% of latent cells per dose and clears 60-79% of reactivated cells.

DNA Damage Response Proteins Are Involved in the Formation of Defective HIV-1 Proviruses

This study identifies DNA damage response proteins that influence the formation of defective HIV-1 proviruses through CRISPR screens and functional validation.

Mechanism of HIV-1 Capsid Rupture and Uncoating by Reverse Transcription

This paper develops a computational model to simulate HIV-1 capsid rupture during reverse transcription and shows how capsid-DNA interactions drive distinct rupture pathways.

Rapid vaccine induction of macaque HIV-1 V2 Apex broadly neutralizing antibodies with immunogenetic signatures that are potentially translatable to humans

This study shows that vaccination of macaques with an Env-ferritin nanoparticle rapidly elicits V2-apex broadly neutralizing antibodies with immunogenetic features that may be applicable to humans.

Pharmacological METTL3 inhibition attenuates HIV-1 latency reversal in CD4+ T cells

This study evaluates three METTL3 inhibitors' effects on reducing m6A levels and HIV-1 latency reversal in CD4+ T cells, finding differential potency and cytotoxicity.

Endocytic motif on HIV Env regulates cleavage status and antibody neutralization of cell-free and cell-to-cell infection

This study shows that HIV Env endocytosis affects cleavage status and antibody neutralization, with uncleaved Env increasing sensitivity to certain antibodies in cell-to-cell infection.

Long-Read Deep Sequencing Reveals High Rates of Multilineage Transmission and Rapid Viral Population Changes in Acute HIV Infection

The paper uses long-read sequencing to study HIV transmission and population dynamics in acute infection, finding high multilineage transmission rates and rapid viral evolution.

Persistent Microglial HIV Infection Drives Neuroinflammation Despite Viral Suppression: Insights from Rapid Postmortem Brain Biopsies

The paper quantifies HIV persistence in microglia and shows transcriptional changes in microglia and other cell types despite ART, highlighting microglia as a key target for CNS HIV cure strategies.

Decoding Immune Reconstitution Failure in People Living with HIV through Single-cell Genomics

This study uses single-cell multi-omics to analyze immune reconstitution failure in HIV patients, identifying genetic and epigenetic factors and developing a predictive model.

Binding dynamics shape germinal center broadly neutralizing responses to HIV priming

This study identifies binding dynamics as a key factor in enhancing germinal center responses to HIV immunogens, improving the efficiency of somatic hypermutation and bnAb precursor activation.