Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms

Neutrophil Extracellular Trap gene expression signatures identify prognostic and targetable signaling axes for inhibiting metastasis of pancreatic tumours

The paper identifies gene expression signatures related to neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and shows they correlate with patient survival and metastasis, with potential therapeutic targets.

Sca-1 expression depicts pro-inflammatory murine neutrophils under steady state and pathological conditions

This study identifies a novel Sca1pos neutrophil subset with pro-inflammatory properties in both steady state and inflammatory conditions.

SOD1 controls neutrophil oxidative burst and microbial killing

This study shows SOD1 regulates ROS balance and antimicrobial activity in neutrophils by modulating O2- to H2O2 ratio and supporting MPO activity during NETosis and infection.

Evaluation of graphene oxide-mediated NET formation using HL-60-derived neutrophil-like cells

This paper evaluates graphene oxide-induced NET formation in HL-60-derived neutrophil-like cells, showing concentration-dependent NETosis and immunomodulatory effects.

Targeting Neutrophil Extracellular Traps to inhibit Colon Cancer Tumor Necrosis and Metastasis

This study shows that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) drive tumor necrosis and metastasis in colorectal cancer, and inhibiting NET formation reduces necrosis and improves chemotherapy outcomes.

Basal activation of ERK1/2 blunts the antimicrobial activity of neutrophils from aged hosts against antibody opsonized Streptococcus pneumoniae

This study shows that aged neutrophils have impaired antimicrobial activity against antibody-opsonized pneumococci due to imbalanced ERK1/2 activation, which can be improved by ERK1/2 inhibition.

Neutrophils secrete exosome-associated DNA to resolve sterile acute inflammation

This study shows neutrophils release nuclear DNA via exosomes to resolve sterile inflammation, with implications for treating inflammatory diseases.

Lysyl oxidase promotes actin-dependent neutrophil activation and cytotoxicity in diabetes: Implications for diabetic retinopathy

This study shows LOX promotes actin-dependent neutrophil activation and cytotoxicity in diabetes, contributing to diabetic retinopathy through F-actin remodeling and granule clustering.

Mitochondrial metabolism is rapidly re-activated in mature neutrophils to support stimulation-induced response

This study shows that mature neutrophils can rapidly reactivate mitochondrial metabolism in response to stimuli, impacting their function and suggesting therapeutic potential for mitochondrial pyruvate carrier inhibitors.

Chronic Inflammation Induced Immature Neutrophils Drive Immunopathology During Subsequent Inflammatory Events

The paper shows chronic inflammation increases immature neutrophils, which worsen immunopathology during new inflammatory events, and suggests targeting these cells as a therapeutic strategy.

Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal the pathogenesis of chronic granulomatous disease in a natural model

This study uses single-cell and spatial transcriptomics to analyze granuloma formation in a natural CGD mouse model and identifies therapeutic targets.

Aging changes the underlying mechanism of JAK2 modulation in neutrophil function

This study investigates how JAK2 modulates neutrophil function and how aging alters these mechanisms, revealing age- and sex-dependent changes in migration, NETosis, and metabolism.

Neutrophils respond with pathogen-specific defenses during bacterial pneumonia

This study identifies pathogen-specific neutrophil surface protein phenotypes in bacterial pneumonia, revealing tissue- and infection-type dependent immune responses.

The heme-scavenger, hemopexin, protects against fungal lung injury by mitigating NETosis: an experimental and computational study.

This study shows hemopexin reduces fungal lung injury by limiting heme-mediated NETosis in aspergillosis.

Energy calculations for atomic oxygen liberation from hypohalous acids biosynthesized by mammalian peroxidases

This paper calculates the energy of hypohalous acid breakdown by mammalian peroxidases, showing atomic oxygen is the favored product, explaining microbial destruction and inflammation.

Modulating Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation In Vivo with Locoregional Precision using Differently Charged Self-Assembled Hydrogels

This paper shows that charged hydrogels can modulate neutrophil extracellular trap formation in vivo with locoregional control.

Chromatin Changes Associated with Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NET) Formation in Whole Blood Reflect Complex Immune Signaling

This study compares chromatin accessibility changes during NET formation in whole blood versus isolated neutrophils, finding that whole blood responses show stronger immune pathway activation.

Capsule-mediated O-antigen masking protects hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae from neutrophil killing

This study shows that the hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae capsule masks O-antigen, preventing neutrophil recognition and killing, while O-antigen can also trigger neutrophil degranulation and NET formation.

High-dimensional spectral flow cytometry of activation and phagocytosis by peripheral human polymorphonuclear leukocytes

The paper introduces a 22-color spectral flow cytometry panel to profile human PMNs for activation, degranulation, phagocytosis, and other responses using phorbol ester and bacterial challenges.

Divergent granulopoiesis at extramedullary sites safeguards host defense

This study shows that the spleen produces neutrophils with distinct differentiation trajectories during stress, which are functionally competent and necessary for host defense against bacterial infection.

Extracellular Vimentin is a Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern Protein Serving as an Agonist of TLR4 in Human Neutrophils

This study shows extracellular vimentin and its citrullinated form activate TLR4 on human neutrophils, influencing migration, NET formation, and pathogen phagocytosis differently.

GATA1-deficient human pluripotent stem cells generate neutrophils with improved antifungal immunity that is mediated by the integrin CD18

This study shows that GATA1-deficient iPSC-derived neutrophils have enhanced antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus, mediated by CD18 integrin.

Impaired Macrophage DNase Secretion Promotes Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Mediated Defective Efferocytosis in Atherosclerosis

This study identifies impaired macrophage DNase secretion due to ER stress as a mechanism leading to NET persistence and defective efferocytosis in atherosclerosis.

Rapid catecholamine trafficking regulates neutrophil functions and neutrophil-platelet interactions

The paper shows human neutrophils take up and release catecholamines like dopamine and epinephrine, similar to neurons, and identifies a neutrophil-platelet feedback loop involved in inflammation and coagulation.

Sepsis-induced NET formation requires MYD88 but is independent of GSDMD and PAD4

This study shows that sepsis-induced NET formation depends on MYD88 but not GSDMD or PAD4, revealing distinct pathways for NET formation in different conditions.

Cytokine-Induced Transcriptional Changes in Human Neutrophils Reveal Immune Regulatory Plasticity

This study examines cytokine-induced gene expression changes in human neutrophils to uncover immune regulatory plasticity and its implications for inflammatory diseases.

Trapping DNA-radicals with DMPO reduced hypochlorous acid-induced 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine and mutagenesis in lung epithelial cells

This paper investigates how DMPO traps DNA-centered radicals induced by HOCl, reducing 8-oxo-dGuo formation and mutagenesis in lung epithelial cells exposed to neutrophilic inflammation.

Glucose Metabolism Controls Oxidative Burst and Lipid Mediator Production in Neutrophils upon Microbial Challenge

This study shows that glucose uptake via GLUT1/3 is essential for neutrophil oxidative burst and lipid mediator production during microbial infection.

Neutrophil extracellular traps promote tumor chemoresistance to anthracyclines

This study shows that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) contribute to tumor resistance to anthracycline chemotherapy by binding the drugs and protecting cancer cells.

Neutrophil transcriptome diverges into two discrete trajectories in a murine model of severe Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia

The paper shows that neutrophils in a murine pneumococcal pneumonia model transition through two distinct transcriptional trajectories with associated metabolic changes.