Peter A. Calabresi

IFNγ and proinflammatory cytokines cooperatively license astrocytes to support antigen-dependent CD4+ T cell restimulation

The paper shows that IFNγ and proinflammatory cytokines activate astrocytes to express antigen-presenting machinery, supporting CD4+ T cell restimulation in vitro and in vivo.

Intrathecal antibodies cross-react with EBV BRRF2 and human antigens in multiple sclerosis

The paper identifies an intrathecal antibody response to EBV BRRF2 and human antigens in MS, showing cross-reactivity and association with increased IgG synthesis.

Remodeling oligodendrocyte lipid metabolism via liver X receptors overcomes inflammatory blockade of remyelination

This study shows that inflammation disrupts oligodendrocyte precursor cell lipid metabolism, impairing remyelination, and that activating liver X receptors can restore lipid balance and promote myelin repair.

Extracellular Vesicles from Multiple Sclerosis White Matter Exhibit Synaptic, Mitochondrial, Complement, and Aging-related Pathway Dysregulation

The paper analyzes extracellular vesicles from MS and control white matter to identify pathway dysregulation and cellular origin shifts associated with the disease.

Spatial Transcriptomics of Meningeal Inflammation Reveals Inflammatory Gene Signatures in Adjacent Brain Parenchyma

The paper uses spatial transcriptomics to study meningeal inflammation in a mouse model, identifying inflammatory gene signatures in adjacent brain parenchyma and highlighting candidate pathways in grey matter pathology.

Restoring the Multiple Sclerosis Associated Imbalance of Gut Indole Metabolites Promotes Remyelination and Suppresses Neuroinflammation

The paper shows that indole lactate (ILA), reduced in MS, restores gut microbiome metabolic balance, promoting remyelination and reducing neuroinflammation.

Glia-enriched stem-cell 3D model of the human brain mimics the glial-immune neurodegenerative phenotypes of multiple sclerosis

This study develops a glia-enriched 3D brain model from human iPSCs that mimics MS-related neurodegenerative phenotypes and intercellular communication.

PKC modulator bryostatin-1 therapeutically targets CNS innate immunity to attenuate neuroinflammation and promote remyelination

The paper shows that bryostatin-1, a PKC modulator, shifts microglia and CNS macrophages from pro-inflammatory to regenerative states, promoting remyelination and neuroprotection in MS.

MHC class I and MHC class II reporter mice enable analysis of immune oligodendroglia in mouse models of multiple sclerosis

Deconfounded Dimension Reduction via Partial Embeddings

The paper introduces the PARE framework to remove confounders from dimension reduction methods, showing it can eliminate batch effects in single-cell data and separate clinical from technical variability in neuroimaging.

Inter-scanner brain MRI volumetric biases persist even in a harmonized multi-subject study of multiple sclerosis

This study shows that brain MRI volumetric biases persist across different scanners in a harmonized MS study, with site explaining over 50% of volume variation.

Imaging meningeal inflammation in CNS autoimmunity identifies a therapeutic role for BTK inhibition

This study uses MRI to identify meningeal inflammation in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis and shows that BTK inhibition reduces inflammation.

Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Molecular Diversity of Human Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells

The paper uses single-cell transcriptomics to analyze human oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, revealing transcriptional heterogeneity and pathways involved in their differentiation.

Intensity Warping for multisite MRI Harmonization

This paper develops a method to reduce technical variation in multisite MRI data by aligning intensity distributions across scanners.

Remyelination alters the pattern of myelin in the cerebral cortex

This study uses in vivo imaging to show that remyelination after oligodendrocyte ablation in mice leads to altered myelin patterns in the cerebral cortex, with impaired regeneration in deeper layers.

Bile acid metabolism is altered in multiple sclerosis and supplementation ameliorates neuroinflammation

This study shows bile acid metabolism is altered in multiple sclerosis, and supplementation with tauroursodeoxycholic acid reduces neuroinflammation in animal models.

TAPAS: A Thresholding Approach for Probability Map Automatic Segmentation in Multiple Sclerosis

TAPAS is an automated thresholding algorithm for segmenting brain lesions in MS using probability maps, reducing error and bias compared to manual and group-level thresholding.

Inhibition of neutral sphingomyelinase-2 facilitates remyelination

This study shows that inhibiting nSMase2 improves myelin quality by protecting oligodendrocytes during remyelination.

Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells Are Co-Opted by the Immune System to Cross-Present Antigen and Mediate Cytotoxicity

This study shows OPCs can cross-present antigen and mediate cytotoxicity in MS, suggesting they are co-opted by the immune system.

Low frequency and rare coding variation contributes to multiple sclerosis risk

The paper identifies low-frequency coding variants contributing to multiple sclerosis risk using a large case-control study.

MIMoSA: A Method for Inter-Modal Segmentation Analysis

MIMoSA improves automated white matter lesion segmentation in multiple sclerosis by integrating multimodal MRI data through inter-modal coupling regression and local logistic regression.

An automated statistical technique for counting distinct multiple sclerosis lesions can recover aspects of lesion history and provide relevant disease information

The paper introduces a statistical technique to count distinct multiple sclerosis lesions from MRI data, showing it correlates with gold-standard counts and provides disease-related insights.