interferon and immune responses

Generation and initial characterization of in vivo knockout of tetherin/BST2 in chicken

This study generates an in vivo knockout model of tetherin/BST2 in chicken and shows increased susceptibility to avian retrovirus.

Cellular dsRNA interactome reveals the regulatory map of exogenous RNA sensing

The paper identifies cellular dsRNA-binding proteins (dsRBPs) using anti-dsRNA immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry, revealing their role in regulating the interferon response and antiviral defense against HCoV-OC43.

Synergy Between TNFα and Proteostatic Stress Drives Cell Death and Guard Immunity

The paper shows TNF synergizes with proteostatic stress to induce cell death and guard immunity against viral infection.

IFI207, a young and fast-evolving protein, controls retroviral replication via the STING pathway

The paper identifies IFI207 as a rapidly evolving protein that controls retroviral replication through the STING pathway, highlighting its role in host-pathogen co-evolution.

Exposure of negative-sense viral RNA in the cytoplasm initiates innate immunity to West Nile virus

The paper identifies that exposure of single-stranded negative-sense viral RNA outside replication compartments during flavivirus infection triggers innate immunity via RIG-I interaction.

MITOCHONDRIAL ANTIVIRAL PATHWAYS CONTROL ANTI-HIV RESPONSES AND ISCHEMIC STROKE OUTCOMES VIA THE RIG-1 SIGNALING AND INNATE IMMUNITY MECHANISMS

This study shows that ocln regulates mitochondrial function and innate immunity, impacting HIV infection and ischemic stroke outcomes through RIG-1 signaling.

Endonucleolytic RNA cleavage drives changes in gene expression during the innate immune response

The paper shows that RNase L-mediated RNA fragmentation during the innate immune response triggers antiviral outcomes through ZAK signaling and inhibits translation of stress-responsive genes.

Evolutionary divergence of induced versus constitutive antiviral gene expression between primates and rodents

The paper compares transcriptional divergence of antiviral genes between primates and rodents before and after viral stimulation, identifying 578 divergent orthologous genes and suggesting clade-specific adaptations.

Mutations in the non-catalytic polyproline motif destabilize TREX1 and amplify cGAS-STING signaling

This study shows that TREX1 mutations in the polyproline motif destabilize the protein, leading to excessive cGAS-STING signaling and autoimmune disease.

ERK5 Signaling is Required for Type III IFN-mediated Mucosal Antiviral Responses

The paper identifies ERK5 as a potentiator of STAT1 activation and ISG expression, enhancing type III IFN-mediated antiviral responses in epithelial cells.

Spatial dynamics of peripheral and central nervous system infection by an interferon-inducing neuroinvasive virus

This study examines how Sindbis virus spreads from peripheral to central nervous system in zebrafish, revealing distinct dynamics and the role of interferon responses.

TRBP regulates poly(I:C)-mediated apoptotic pathway by modulating miRNA biogenesis

This study shows TRBP modulates miRNA biogenesis during IFN response, leading to changes in apoptosis and cell cycle gene expression through miRNA-targeted transcription factors.

A microscopy reporter for cGAMP reveals rare cGAS activation following DNA damage, and a lack of correlation with micronuclear cGAS enrichment

The paper introduces a cGAMP reporter to visualize cGAS activation in response to DNA damage and finds that cGAS activation is limited to a subfraction of cells and not correlated with micronuclear cGAS enrichment.

IRF7 from the black flying fox induces a STAT1-independent ISG response in unstimulated cell lines that protects against diverse RNA viruses

This study identifies IRF7 from the black flying fox as a potent antiviral molecule that induces an ISG response independent of STAT1, providing broad protection against multiple RNA viruses.

MicroRNA hsa-miR-203a-3p promotes H1N1 and NDV Virus Replication by suppressing the IFNA signaling.

This study identifies miR-203a-3p as a pro-viral microRNA that suppresses type-I interferon signaling to promote H1N1 and NDV replication.

MATRIN3 deficiency triggers autoinflammation via cGAS-STING activation

This study identifies MATRIN3 deficiency as a trigger for autoinflammation through cGAS-STING activation via mis-splicing of TDRD3 and R-loop formation.

SLIRP promotes autoimmune diseases by amplifying antiviral signaling via positive feedback regulation

This study identifies SLIRP as a key amplifier of antiviral signaling in autoimmune diseases through positive feedback regulation of mt-dsRNA.

Transcriptome Regulation by PARP13 in Basal and Antiviral States in Human Cells

This study investigates PARP13's role in transcriptome regulation during basal and antiviral states, finding it shifts target localization but not binding preferences and supports ISGylation-related gene expression.

Fluorinated cGAMP analogs, which act as STING agonists and are not cleavable by poxins: structural basis of their function

This study designs and synthesizes fluorinated cGAMP analogs that are stable against poxin cleavage and show high STING activation, with structural insights into their binding modes.

Non-canonical contribution of human Dicer helicase domain in antiviral innate immune response

The paper investigates the role of Dicer's helicase domain in antiviral immunity, finding that a truncated mutant acts RNAi-independently via PKR and NF-kB pathways.

Self-inhibiting percolation and viral spreading in epithelial tissue

The paper models SARS-CoV-2 infection spread using a cellular automaton, showing that heterogeneity in infections arises from sensitivity near a critical threshold and that few IFN-primed cells can limit viral proliferation.

5'-triphosphate guanosine RNAs recruit GTP-binding proteins to suppress RIG-I/IFN type I signaling

The paper shows that 5'-pppG RNAs are less immunogenic than 5'-pppA RNAs due to interactions with GTP-binding proteins, which may help viruses and Pol III transcripts evade innate immune detection.

IFIH1 loss-of-function predisposes to inflammatory and SARS-CoV-2-related infectious diseases

This study identifies IFIH1 loss-of-function variants in patients with inflammatory and SARS-CoV-2-related diseases, showing impaired immune responses and increased susceptibility.

Antagonism between viral infection and innate immunity at the single-cell level

The paper models the antagonism between viral infection and innate immunity at the single-cell level using an agent-based stochastic approach, revealing three levels of viral interference with the immune response.

KAT2 paralogs prevent dsRNA accumulation and interferon signaling to maintain intestinal stem cells

This study shows that KAT2A and KAT2B prevent dsRNA accumulation and interferon signaling, which is critical for maintaining intestinal stem cells in mice.

G1/S Boundary Activates Interferon and Inflammatory Response Genes

The paper shows that interferon and inflammatory gene expression is upregulated at the G1/S cell cycle boundary in immune cells, revealing the cell cycle as a regulator of IFN expression.

VExD: A curated resource for human gene expression alterations following viral infection

VExD curates human gene expression data from viral infections to identify expression changes and support experimental validation.

The Unexpected Match: STAT3-NORAD Interaction, a Novel Link in Antiviral Defense

The paper identifies a novel interaction between NORAD and STAT3 that suppresses antiviral responses by preventing STAT3 nuclear entry, with this role unique to humans due to an ALU element.

STAT1 is required to establish but not maintain IFNγ-induced transcriptional memory

The paper shows STAT1 is essential for establishing IFNγ-induced transcriptional memory but not for maintaining it, with GBP genes being poised for rapid activation upon secondary exposure.

ARF1 prevents aberrant type I IFN induction by regulating STING activation and recycling

This study identifies ARF1 as a negative regulator of cGAS-STING signaling, showing it prevents type I IFN induction by regulating STING activation and recycling.