interferon and immune responses

Endogenous ZAP is associated with altered Zika virus infection phenotype

This study shows that endogenous ZAP inhibits Zika virus in Vero cells without requiring a type I IFN response and alters global gene expression during infection.

Antiviral immunity within neural stem cells distinguishes viral strain differences in forebrain organoids

The paper identifies antiviral immune responses in neural stem cells and shows how a neuropathogenic virus inhibits these responses in forebrain organoids.

Chronic Interferon Stimulated Gene Transcription Promotes Oncogene Induced Breast Cancer

The paper shows that Mre11 deficiency leads to an ISG signature and chromatin changes, which are reversed by IFI205 ablation, promoting oncogene-induced breast cancer.

Metabolic reprogramming tips vaccinia virus infection outcomes by stabilizing interferon-g induced IRF1

This study shows that glucose and galactose metabolism affects IRF1 stability, which in turn influences vaccinia virus replication outcomes.

The cGAS-STING pathway is an in vivo modifier of genomic instability syndromes

This study models DDR syndromes in killifish and shows that cGAS-STING pathway activation contributes to disease phenotypes, with cGAS mutation partially rescuing defects.

Activation of PKR by a short-hairpin RNA

This study shows that an shRNA targeting DDX54 can activate PKR through a dsRNA-mediated mechanism, highlighting the need for careful validation of gene function.

Vault RNAs aid viral infection by facilitating nuclear export of hnRNP C and ELAVL1

This study shows that vault RNAs enhance viral replication by facilitating the nuclear export of ELAVL1 and hnRNP C, which are required for efficient viral replication.

Mitochondrial DNA Release and Activation of the cGAS-STING Pathway in Lethal Stx12 Knockout Mice

This study shows that STX12 deficiency leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, mtDNA release, and activation of the cGAS-STING and Type I interferon pathways in mice, contributing to lethal inflammation.

Targeting DNA-PK is a highly conserved poxvirus innate immune evasion mechanism

This study shows that DNA-PK is a conserved DNA sensor in chickens that poxviruses evade by targeting with OPG020/OPG031 proteins, highlighting its role in innate immunity beyond mammals.

Highly-sensitive reporter cell line for detection of interferon types I-III and their neutralization by antibodies

The paper develops a highly sensitive Renilla luciferase-based reporter cell line to detect IFN types I-III and neutralizing antibodies.

Chlamydia-driven ISG15 expression dampens the immune response of epithelial cells independently of ISGylation

This study shows that ISG15 expression in epithelial cells infected with Chlamydia trachomatis reduces inflammation and bacterial load without requiring ISGylation.

Type III interferons may suppress viral infections by triggering cell death

This study shows that type III interferons suppress viral infections by promoting rapid cell death in infected epithelial cells, unlike type I interferons which mainly induce ISG expression.

Decreasing ZAP Poly(ADP-ribose) Binding Enhances Antiviral Activity Against Alphaviruses

This study shows that reducing PAR-binding in ZAPS enhances antiviral activity against alphaviruses by disrupting replication complex formation and viral transcript levels.

ISGylation of the SARS-CoV-2 N protein by HERC5 impedes N oligomerization and thereby viral RNA synthesis

This study identifies ISGylation of SARS-CoV-2 N protein by HERC5 as a host restriction factor that inhibits viral RNA synthesis by blocking N oligomerization.

MDA5 generates compact ribonucleoprotein complexes via ATP-dependent single-stranded RNA loop extrusion

This study shows MDA5 compacts dsRNA via ATP-dependent loop extrusion, stabilizing the structure through CARD domain oligomerization.

UFMylation suppresses Type I IFN signaling during M. tuberculosis infection of human macrophages

The paper identifies UFMylation as a suppressor of Type I IFN signaling during M. tuberculosis infection of human macrophages through a CRISPR-interference screen.

Cloning and functional characterization of novel human neutralizing anti-interferon-alpha and anti-interferon-beta antibodies

The paper isolates and characterizes neutralizing anti-interferon-alpha and anti-interferon-beta antibodies from human patients, showing their specificity and potential therapeutic applications.

Molecular bases and specificity behind the activation of the immune system OAS/RNAse L pathway by viral RNA.

This study uses molecular dynamics simulations to investigate how viral RNA activates the OAS/RNase L immune pathway by altering OAS conformation and free energy profiles.

ARPE-19 Epithelial Cells Fail To Initiate Type-I Interferon Signaling in Response to Human Cytomegalovirus Infection.

This study shows that ARPE-19 cells fail to initiate type-I interferon signaling in response to HCMV infection due to low expression of key pattern recognition receptors and signaling molecules.

Activated Interferon Signaling Suppresses Age-Dependent Liver Cancer

This study shows that aged livers have heightened interferon signaling that suppresses cancer but also has harmful effects, leading to a 'precarious balance' in tumor development.

Enhanced RNAi does not provide efficient innate antiviral immunity in mice in vivo.

This study shows that enhanced RNAi in mice does not improve antiviral immunity in vivo, but may work in vitro under specific conditions.

A Viral-Encoded Homologue of IPS-1 Modulates Innate Immune Signaling During KSHV Lytic Replication

This paper identifies a viral homologue of IPS-1, v-IPS-1, which modulates innate immune signaling during KSHV lytic replication by blocking type I interferon induction.

Fish CDK2 recruits Dtx4 to degrade TBK1 through ubiquitination in the antiviral response

This study shows that fish CDK2 recruits Dtx4 to ubiquitinate and degrade TBK1, reducing IFN expression and enhancing antiviral resistance.

Multiple Unfolded Protein Response pathways cooperate to link cytosolic dsDNA release to Stimulator of Interferon Gene (STING) activation

This study identifies multiple UPR pathways that cooperate to link cytosolic dsDNA release to STING activation and IFN-β induction in response to ER stress.

Cap-related modifications of RNA regulate binding to IFIT proteins

The paper investigates how RNA cap modifications affect binding to IFIT proteins, showing that m6Am is a stronger signature than cap1 and blocks complex formation more effectively.

Apoptotic caspases cleave DRP1 to promote mitochondrial fusion and anti-viral immune responses

The paper shows apoptotic caspases cleave DRP1 to induce mitochondrial fusion and enhance anti-viral immunity during viral infections.

Knockdown of DJ-1 Resulted in a Coordinated Activation of the Innate Immune Antiviral Response in HEK293 Cell Line

This study shows that knocking down DJ-1 in HEK293 cells activates an antiviral innate immune response and affects RNA metabolism and mitochondrial functions.

Sustained innate interferon is an essential inducer of tertiary lymphoid structures

This study identifies sustained type I interferon signaling as essential for the development of functional tertiary lymphoid structures in the lungs during inflammation.

Extracellular ISG15 triggers ISGylation via a type-I interferon independent non-canonical mechanism to regulate host response during virus infection

This study identifies extracellular ISG15 as a soluble antiviral factor that promotes IFN-independent ISGylation through integrin-FAK pathway activation during virus infection.

PARP14-dependent ADP-ribosylation of cytoplasmic SQSTM1/p62 foci supports innate immune signaling

The paper identifies PARP14-dependent ADP-ribosylation of p62 foci as a mechanism supporting innate immune signaling through interferon pathways.