Opioid Use Disorder Treatment

Genotype-dependent behavioral signatures of opioid withdrawal revealed by automated behavioral quantification

This study uses automated behavioral quantification to show that opioid withdrawal behaviors vary with genetic background, but severity can still be assessed within strains.

Xylazine Reshapes the Sleep and Respiratory Consequences of Chronic Fentanyl Exposure in a Sex-Dependent Manner

This study shows that chronic fentanyl-xylazine co-exposure causes sex-dependent changes in sleep, respiratory function, and molecular markers in mice.

Chronic oral fentanyl consumption produces dynamic behavioral adaptations during abstinence in female mice

This study examines behavioral adaptations in female mice during fentanyl abstinence, finding persistent withdrawal symptoms and altered behaviors that may contribute to relapse vulnerability.

Voluntary oral fentanyl intake produces dose- and sex-dependent physical dependence in mice without overt affective disturbances

Behavioral flexibility and gut microbiome as potential predictors of oral oxycodone self-administration.

The paper investigates if behavioral flexibility and gut microbiome predict oxycodone self-administration in rats, finding both factors associate with drug intake.

Xylazine exacerbates fentanyl-induced respiratory depression and prevents rescue by naloxone in mice

This study shows that xylazine worsens fentanyl-induced respiratory depression and prevents naloxone reversal, but can be counteracted by combining naloxone with atipamezole in mice.

Oxytocin treats respiratory depression and reduces mortality from fentanyl and the combination of xylazine-fentanyl

This study shows oxytocin improves survival and respiratory function in rats with opioid-induced respiratory depression caused by fentanyl or fentanyl-xylazine combinations, outperforming naloxone in some cases.

Individual differences in behavioral effects of xylazine and opioid-xylazine mixtures in male rats

This study examines behavioral interactions between xylazine and opioids in rats, finding individual differences in effects and respiratory depression.

A Challenge To The Assumption That Short- versus Long-Access Groups of Opioid Users Represent Distinct Phenotypes

The paper tests whether opioid user groups defined by access conditions represent distinct phenotypes using CENTERED clustering, finding they are mixtures of different user types.

Combining the alpha-2 adrenergic agonist clonidine with naloxone rescues fentanyl-induced physiologic dysfunction and increases survival

This study shows that combining naloxone with clonidine rescues fentanyl-induced respiratory and cardiovascular failure in rats, improving survival by reopening the airway.

The NMDAR positive allosteric modulator NYX-783 selectively blocks opioid withdrawal conditioned place aversion in mice.

This study evaluates NYX-783, an NMDAR positive allosteric modulator, in mice to assess its potential to reduce opioid withdrawal symptoms and relapse.

Xylazine potentiates the interoceptive effects of fentanyl in male and female rats

This study shows xylazine enhances fentanyl's interoceptive effects in rats, suggesting it may contribute to the risks of xylazine-adulterated fentanyl.

Escalation of intravenous fentanyl self-administration and assessment of withdrawal behavior in male and female mice

This study develops a mouse model of fentanyl self-administration and withdrawal, showing escalation in intake, withdrawal symptoms, and prolonged craving.

Opioid use disorder and brain health: observational andgenetic associations

This paper investigates the causal impact of opioid use disorder on brain health outcomes using observational and genetic analyses, finding increased dementia risk associated with both OUD diagnoses and genetic predisposition to OUD.

An Autonomous Implantable Device for the Prevention of Death from Opioid Overdose

The paper introduces an implantable device that autonomously detects and treats opioid overdose, improving survival rates by delivering naloxone and alerting first responders.

Oral Fentanyl Consumption and Withdrawal Impairs Fear Extinction Learning and Enhances Basolateral Amygdala Principal Neuron Excitatory-Inhibitory Balance in Male and Female Mice

This study shows that oral fentanyl consumption in mice leads to impaired fear extinction and altered neural excitability in the basolateral amygdala, with sex-specific behavioral effects.

Xylazine Exacerbates Fentanyl-Induced Respiratory Depression and Bradycardia

This study shows that xylazine worsens fentanyl-induced respiratory depression and bradycardia in mice, increasing overdose risk.

AI Derived Therapeutic Development for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder

This paper develops an AI-based platform to identify therapeutic targets for opioid use disorder, validates a compound in animal models, and highlights challenges in drug formulation.

Functional genomic mechanisms of opioid action and opioid use disorder: a systematic review of animal models and human studies

This study reviews functional genomic mechanisms of opioid action and OUD across animal models and human studies, finding low consistency in gene expression results.

Xylazine is an agonist at kappa opioid receptors and exhibits sex-specific responses to naloxone administration

This study shows xylazine acts as a kappa opioid receptor agonist and that naloxone induces withdrawal from xylazine and fentanyl/xylazine combinations, with greater sensitivity in females.

Single Nucleus Transcriptomics Reveals Pervasive Glial Activation in Opioid Overdose Cases

The paper analyzes single nucleus transcriptomics data from opioid overdose cases and controls to show widespread glial activation and changes in gene expression related to substance use traits.

Identification of individual differences in response to methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone in animal models of opioid use disorder

The paper tests individual differences in response to methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone in rats with opioid use disorder, finding varying efficacy based on addiction severity.

Examining opioid withdrawal scoring and adaptation of global scoring systems to male and female C57BL/6J mice

This study examines sex differences in opioid withdrawal symptoms in mice and proposes a new scoring system for more accurate behavioral analysis.

Convergence of case-specific epigenetic alterations identify a confluence of genetic vulnerabilities tied to opioid dependence

The paper identifies case-specific epigenetic alterations in opioid dependence using ChIP-seq and Hi-C, revealing convergent regulatory loci associated with genetic and environmental risk factors.

Transcriptional alterations in opioid use disorder reveal an interplay between neuroinflammation and synaptic remodeling

This study identifies transcriptional changes in opioid use disorder brains, linking neuroinflammation and synaptic remodeling through RNA-seq and integrative analyses.

Differential Expression of NPAS4 in the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Following Acute Opioid Intoxication

The paper compares gene expression in the prefrontal cortex between individuals who died from acute opioid intoxication and controls, finding NPAS4 is downregulated and associated with opioid use.

GWAS including 82,707 subjects identifies functional coding variant in OPRM1 gene associated with opioid use disorder

Factors associated with opioid cessation: a machine learning approach

This study uses machine learning to identify factors associated with opioid cessation in individuals with OUD, finding that less recent cocaine use, shorter opioid duration, and older age are strongest predictors.

Vaccine blunts fentanyl potency in male rhesus monkeys

This study evaluates a fentanyl-targeted vaccine in rhesus monkeys, showing it significantly reduces fentanyl's behavioral and antinociceptive effects while being selective for fentanyl over oxycodone.

Prophylactic vaccination protects against the development of oxycodone self-administration

This study shows that a vaccine against oxycodone reduces its reinforcing effects and prevents self-administration in rats.