Diet, Metabolism, and Disease

Evolutionary conservation and divergence of regional fructose-responsive gene regulation in the intestine

This study examines how fructose-responsive gene regulation varies across intestinal regions in mice and fruit flies, finding conserved pathways and divergent metabolic responses.

A Regionally Inspired West Virginia Obesogenic Diet Induces Fat Accretion and Metabolic Dysfunction While Identifying Sex Disparity

This study develops a regionally specific obesogenic diet for mice and shows it induces fat accumulation and metabolic issues in males but not females.

Novel modifications to fructose metabolism are associated with adaptation to high-sugar diets in bats

This study identifies metabolic adaptations in bats with high-sugar diets, showing that fructose metabolism is prioritized over glucose metabolism to avoid disease.

Dietary sugar type determines the response to protein restriction in females, but not males

The paper shows that in female mice, carbohydrate quality affects metabolic and neurological responses to low protein diets, but not in males.

Dietary protein source dictates the impact of obesogenic diets on hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance via carnitine-dependent regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase

This study shows that dietary protein sources affect hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance on obesogenic diets through carnitine-dependent regulation of ACC2.

Dietary fructose promotes MASH/HCC progression through enhanced intestinal HIF-2α-dependent iron absorption

This paper shows dietary fructose promotes MASH/HCC by enhancing intestinal HIF-2α-dependent iron absorption through the KHK/PKM2/HIF-2 axis.

Intestinal fructose metabolism drives unsaturated fat absorption and synergizes with GLP-1 receptor agonism to promote weight loss

This study shows that inhibiting fructose metabolism via KHKi reduces weight gain and enhances weight loss when combined with GLP-1 receptor agonism in mice.

The Impact of a Western Diet with High Salt on Metabolic Outcomes in Male C57bl/6J Mice

This study examines how a high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-salt diet affects metabolic outcomes in mice, finding increased gonadal fat and glucose intolerance despite reduced inflammation.

Dietary sulfur amino acid restriction improves glucose homeostasis through hepatic de novo serine synthesis

This study shows that dietary sulfur amino acid restriction improves glucose homeostasis by enhancing hepatic de novo serine synthesis through PSAT1, but not lipid metabolism.

Comparative metabolic profile of mice fed a grain-based controlled diet and a purified controlled diet

This study compares the metabolic profiles of C57BL/6 mice fed grain-based and purified diets under normocaloric conditions, finding no significant differences.

Exacerbation of sucrose-induced visceral obesity and glucose intolerance by ovariectomy and its GLP-1-dependent amelioration by the rare sugar D-allulose

This study shows that D-allulose reduces visceral obesity and glucose intolerance in ovariectomized mice, with effects dependent on GLP-1.

Effect of Western diet on body composition, locomotor performance and blood biochemical profile in the bank vole

This study examines the effects of Western diets on bank voles, finding resistance to obesity but altered liver function and metabolic pathways.

Dietary isoleucine content defines the metabolic and molecular response to a Western diet

This study shows that reducing dietary isoleucine improves metabolic health in mice on a Western diet, with distinct molecular responses across sexes and strains.

Intestinal catabolism of dietary fructose promotes obesity and insulin resistance via ileal lacteal remodeling

This study shows that blocking intestinal fructose catabolism reduces obesity and insulin resistance by decreasing fat absorption and altering gut microbiome and immune interactions.

The Role of Macronutrient Composition in Semipurified Diets in Shaping Distinct Obesity Phenotypes: Evidence for Hepatic Oxidative Stress Involvement

This study compares the effects of different diets on obesity and metabolic health in rats, finding that high-fat/high-sugar diets cause distinct metabolic dysfunction and hepatic oxidative stress.

Multi-tissue network analysis reveals the effect of JNK inhibition on dietary sucrose-induced metabolic dysfunction in rats

This study investigates the effects of JNK inhibition on metabolic dysfunction caused by sucrose overconsumption in rats using multi-tissue network analysis.

Consumption of human-relevant levels of sucrose-water rewires macronutrient uptake and utilization mechanisms in a tissue specific manner

This study shows that chronic sucrose water consumption in mice rewires tissue-specific molecular mechanisms, leading to systemic metabolic dysfunction including impaired glucose homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Hepatic fructose metabolism is antagonized by growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor signaling via regulation of ketohexokinase expression

This study identifies GH/IGF-1 signaling as a regulator of KHK expression, limiting fructose metabolism in the liver and contributing to MASLD.

Chronic inorganic nitrate supplementation does not improve metabolic health and worsens disease progression in mice with diet-induced obesity.

This study shows that chronic nitrate supplementation in mice with diet-induced obesity worsens metabolic health and accelerates disease progression, including liver cancer.

Hormetic curve of dietary mono- and disaccharide content determines weight gain, gut microbiota composition and cognitive ability in mice

This study shows that high sugar diets cause obesity, gut microbiota changes, and cognitive issues in mice, while low sugar diets have beneficial effects.

Protein restriction associated with high fat induces metabolic dysregulation without obesity in juvenile mice

This study shows that a Western diet with protein restriction in juvenile mice causes metabolic dysregulation without obesity, including hyperglycemia and fatty liver.

The propensity of fructose to induce metabolic dysfunction is dependent on the baseline diet, length of the dietary exposure, and sex of the mice.

This study shows that fructose's impact on metabolism depends on baseline diet, exposure duration, and sex in mice.

Fructose consumption in pregnancy and associations with maternal and offspring hepatic and whole-body adiposity: a scoping review.

This review examines the effects of maternal fructose consumption during pregnancy on maternal, fetal, and offspring adiposity in rodents, finding associations with increased hepatic and whole-body fat.

Excessive Dietary Fructose Aggravates Heart Failure via Impairing Myocardial Fatty Acid Oxidation Metabolism in Diet Induced Obese Mouse

This study shows that excessive fructose worsens heart failure in obese mice by impairing fatty acid oxidation and the AMPK-ACC pathway.

GalNAc-siRNA Mediated Knockdown of Ketohexokinase Versus Systemic, Small Molecule Inhibition of its Kinase Activity Exert Divergent Effects on Hepatic Metabolism in Mice on a HFD

This study compares the effects of GalNAc-siRNA-mediated KHK knockdown and small molecule KHK inhibition on hepatic metabolism in mice on a high-fat diet, finding divergent impacts on lipid metabolism and glucose tolerance.

Fructose Induced KHK-C Increases ER Stress and Modulates Hepatic Transcriptome to Drive Liver Disease in Diet-Induced and Genetic Models of NAFLD.

This study shows that fructose metabolism via KHK-C increases ER stress and modulates the hepatic transcriptome, contributing to NAFLD progression in both genetic and diet-induced models.

Integrated Omics Analysis Reveals Sirtuin Signaling is Central to Hepatic Response to a High Fructose Diet

The paper integrates transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics data from vervet monkeys to identify sirtuin signaling and PPARA network alterations in response to a high fructose diet.

Genetic, metabolic, and molecular insights into the diverse outcomes of diet-induced obesity in mice

This study examines how genetic background and sex influence metabolic responses to high-fat diet in mice, highlighting the role of mitochondrial function in physiological diversity.

The regulation of liver gene expression by carbohydrates is mouse strain specific

The paper shows that carbohydrate-induced gene expression changes in mouse liver vary by strain, with C57BL/6J showing greater sensitivity to sugar intake.

Regulating AMPK and insulin level by Vinegar, Swimming and Refeeding on High-Fat Diet Rats to Rebuild Lipid Homeostasis

This study investigates the effects of dietary and behavioral interventions on lipid homeostasis in high-fat diet rats, finding that refeeding normal diet is most effective in restoring metabolic balance.