Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer

High-fat diet ablates an insulin-responsive pool of GLUT4 glucose transporters in skeletal muscle

This study shows that high-fat diet reduces Usp25m in mice, impairing TUG cleavage and glucose uptake during fasting, leading to insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.

A Dual-Compartment Scaffolding Role for RACK1 in Hepatic Glucagon Signaling and Gluconeogenesis

This study identifies RACK1 as a dual-compartment scaffold that organizes the glucagon-PKA-CREB signaling axis to regulate hepatic gluconeogenesis.

microRNA-1 Regulates Metabolic Flexibility in Skeletal Muscle via Pyruvate Metabolism

This study shows miR-1 regulates metabolic flexibility in skeletal muscle by controlling pyruvate metabolism, with loss of miR-1 causing metabolic inflexibility and reduced endurance.

Hepatocyte expression of fetal insulin receptor isoform contributes to the promotion of liver cancer through non-cell autonomous mechanisms

This study shows that hepatocyte expression of fetal insulin receptor isoform INSR-A promotes liver cancer through non-cell autonomous mechanisms by increasing inflammation and enabling preneoplastic cell proliferation.

Metformin-Induced Mitochondrial Remodelling Creates Adaptive and Targetable Vulnerabilities in Cancer Cells

This study shows metformin induces mitochondrial remodeling in cancer cells, creating vulnerabilities that can be targeted to enhance its anticancer effects.

12 weeks of voluntary wheel running restores glucagon sensitivity in middle-aged mice

This study shows that 12 weeks of voluntary wheel running restores glucagon sensitivity in middle-aged mice without affecting glucose homeostasis.

Dual Metabolic Blockade by Metformin and Dichloroacetate Induces Lethal Energy Crisis in Chemoresistant NSCLC

This study shows that combining Metformin and Dichloroacetate induces a lethal energy crisis in chemoresistant NSCLC cells by blocking both oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis.

AMPK activation prevents HCC development through inhibition of HNF4a activity

This study shows that AMPK activation prevents HCC by inhibiting HNF4a activity, using genetic and pharmacological models.

Alternatively-Spliced CAMKK2 isoforms drive differential metabolic stress response and the regulation of ferroptosis

This study shows that CAMKK2 isoforms LF and SF have distinct roles in metabolic stress response and ferroptosis regulation in cancer cells.

Elevated GLUT4 Levels in Human Skeletal Muscle Microtissues is Accompanied by Functional Insulin Dependence

This study compares GLUT4 and GLUT1 expression in 2D myotubes and 3D microtissues, finding higher GLUT4 levels in microtissues but insulin dependency limiting their use for T2D modeling.

Identification of Rapaglutin E as An Isoform-specific Inhibitor of Glucose Transporter 1

This paper identifies rapaglutin E as a specific inhibitor of GLUT1 and explores its binding mechanism compared to rapaglutin A.

Prex1 controls glucose homeostasis by limiting glucose uptake and mitochondrial metabolism in liver through GEF-independent regulation of Gpr21

This study shows Prex1 regulates glucose homeostasis by reducing glucose uptake and mitochondrial metabolism in the liver, independent of its catalytic activity, through Gpr21 inhibition.

Coordinated Regulation of Renal Glucose Reabsorption and Gluconeogenesis by mTORC2 and Potassium

This study shows that mTORC2 and dietary potassium coordinate renal glucose reabsorption and gluconeogenesis through independent mechanisms, with implications for diabetes management.

MLX phosphorylation stabilizes the ChREBP-MLX heterotetramer on tandem E-boxes to control carbohydrate and lipid metabolism

This study shows MLX phosphorylation is required for ChREBP-MLX heterotetramer formation on ChoREs, regulating carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.

An Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)-based Activity Assay for AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK)

The paper describes an ELISA-based assay for measuring AMPK activity, offering a simple, sensitive alternative to radioactive and commercial methods.

Exploring the effects of metformin on the body by urine proteome

This study identifies 166 differential proteins in rat urine after metformin treatment, revealing potential mechanisms and novel pathways associated with its effects.

Integration of metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveals novel regulatory functions of the ChREBP transcription factor in energy metabolism

This study integrates transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to reveal novel regulatory functions of ChREBP in mitochondrial metabolism and cellular energy balance beyond its canonical roles in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.

Targeting the menopause transition with metformin improves breast cancer outcomes, but discontinuation has deleterious effects on metabolic health: Findings from a preclinical model of postmenopausal breast cancer.

This study shows that metformin reduces breast cancer in rats during early postmenopause but discontinuation harms metabolic health, linking timing of treatment to cancer and metabolic outcomes.

ULK1-regulated AMP sensing by AMPK and its application for the treatment of chronic kidney disease

This study identifies ULK1-dependent AMPK activation mechanisms and shows MK8722 improves renal function in CKD.

HNF4α-TET2-FBP1 axis contributes to gluconeogenesis and type 2 diabetes

This study identifies an HNF4-TET2-FBP1 axis that regulates gluconeogenesis and shows metformin's effect on this pathway in type 2 diabetes.

The Role of ATP Synthase Subunit e (ATP5I) in Mediating the Metabolic and Antiproliferative Effects of Metformin

This paper identifies ATP5I as a target of metformin, showing its role in mediating metabolic and antiproliferative effects through mitochondrial dysfunction and altered ATP synthase oligomerization.

The mitochondrial dicarboxylate carrier mediates in vivo hepatic gluconeogenesis

This study shows that the mitochondrial dicarboxylate carrier mediates hepatic gluconeogenesis from lactate/pyruvate and contributes to glucose homeostasis in a T2D mouse model.

From hyperinsulinemia to cancer progression: how diminishing glucose storage capacity fuels insulin resistance

The paper links hyperinsulinemia to cancer progression by showing how reduced glucose storage capacity leads to insulin resistance and affects tumor response to therapy.

GPRC6A is a Potential Therapeutic Target for Metformin Regulation of Glucose Homeostasis in Mice

This study identifies GPRC6A as a potential target for metformin's glucose-lowering effects, showing metformin activates GPRC6A in vitro and in vivo.

Pyruvate kinase allostery resist hyperglycemia, obesity and inflammation by inducing TCA vortex and glucose U turn

This study shows that CLT-PKM interaction mimics ATP resistance by inducing a TCA vortex and glucose U turn, leading to weight loss and antioxidant effects against hyperglycemia, obesity, and inflammation.

IPMK Deficiency Reduces Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Metabolism and Exercise Capacity

This study shows that IPMK deficiency in skeletal muscle leads to metabolic disorders including weight gain, glucose intolerance, and reduced exercise capacity.

Chemical imaging unveils mitochondria as the major site of medicinal biguanide accumulation within cells

This study uses chemical imaging to show that metformin accumulates primarily in mitochondria within cells.

Glycogen homeostasis and mtDNA expression require motorneuron to muscle TGFβ/Activin Signaling in Drosophila

This study shows that Actβ signaling from motor neurons to muscle regulates glycogen levels and mtDNA expression in Drosophila by controlling nuclear-encoded factors required for mtDNA replication, transcription, and translation.

WNKs regulate mouse behavior and alter central nervous system glucose uptake and insulin signaling

This study shows that inhibiting WNK kinases improves learning and memory in mice by enhancing hippocampal glucose uptake and insulin signaling.

Mendelian randomization revealing the protective effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition on prostate cancer with verified evidence from electronic healthcare and biological data

This paper uses Mendelian randomization and electronic health records to show SGLT2 inhibitors reduce prostate cancer risk, with additional evidence from differential expression analysis.