Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology

Optineurin Deficiency Collapses the Host Endolysosomal Network and Impairs Xenophagy to Accelerate Mycobacterium tuberculosis Growth

This study shows Optineurin deficiency disrupts the endolysosomal network and impairs xenophagy, leading to increased Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth and necrotic cell death.

BCG vaccination reduces the rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis dissemination between murine lungs

This study uses mathematical models to show BCG vaccination reduces Mtb dissemination between murine lungs by 89% while modestly reducing replication.

Characterizing the interaction of a type VII-secreted antimycobacterial toxin with its small helical partner proteins

The paper investigates the structural interaction of the toxin EatA with its partner proteins TapA1 and TapA2, and predicts its interaction with EsxT-EsxU using mutagenesis and bacterial 2-hybrid assays.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis manipulates host inflammation and lipid metabolism through the SET1-interacting protein Rv1075c

This study identifies Rv1075c as a Mycobacterium tuberculosis nucleomodulin that interacts with the SET1 histone methyltransferase complex, modulating host inflammation and lipid metabolism to promote bacterial persistence.

Dissolution-Controlled Nanocrystalline Rifapentine Formulation for Tuberculosis Treatment

This study develops dissolution-controlled nanocrystalline rifapentine formulations that maintain therapeutic concentrations for over a week, showing efficacy in TB prevention and treatment in mice.

A New aspect of the pathology of brain tuberculosis: Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects and alters human neural progenitor cells

This study shows Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects human neural progenitor cells, causing cell death, reduced proliferation, and impaired differentiation, which may contribute to cognitive impairments in brain tuberculosis.

Rv0810c: a genus-conserved, structurally ordered small protein of unknown function carrying DUF3073 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The paper characterizes Rv0810c, a conserved small protein in Mycobacterium tuberculosis with no identifiable function, using structural and evolutionary analyses.

Effects of Exogenous Nitric Oxide Gas on Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro and in mice

This study investigates the effects of exogenous nitric oxide gas on Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro and in mice, finding bactericidal effects in vitro but limited anti-inflammatory benefits in vivo.

Malnourishment and expanded microbiome maintain superior efficacy of the recombinant tuberculosis vaccine BCG::ESAT-6-PE25SS

This study shows that malnourishment and microbiome changes enhance the efficacy of a recombinant BCG TB vaccine in mice, linking diet, microbiota, and immune responses to TB protection.

Lung Resident T Cells Across the Spectrum of TB Infection and Disease

This study maps human pulmonary T-cell immunity across TB infection/disease using single-cell transcriptomics and functional T-cell cloning, identifying protective immune features and a platform for TB vaccine development.

Encoded metabolic remodeling amplifies drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

This study identifies idsA2 mutations as a mechanism of ethambutol resistance in Mtb by showing they enhance drug resistance through metabolic remodeling.

Strong sustained type I IFN signaling acts cell intrinsically to impair IFNγ responses and cause tuberculosis susceptibility

The paper shows that sustained type I IFN signaling in infected macrophages impairs IFNγ responses, leading to tuberculosis susceptibility.

TBpop: an open-access genomic portal integrating genomic variation, population genetic statistics, phylogeny, pangenome composition, and strain metadata of epidemic Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from China

TBpop integrates genomic variation, population genetics, and metadata for Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from China to enable comprehensive analysis of genetic diversity and evolution.

Direct visualization of bacterial transcripts in the infected lung illuminates spatiotemporal environmental adaptation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

This study visualizes Mtb transcripts in infected lungs to show spatiotemporal gene expression differences related to lipid metabolism, environmental signals, and the ESX-1 system.

Species-specific iNOS expression distinguishes epithelial and myeloid IFNγ responses in tuberculosis

This study compares IFNγ-induced iNOS activity in human and murine tuberculosis models, finding minimal iNOS expression in human myeloid cells and identifying epithelial cells as primary iNOS sources.

Analytical concordance of targeted next-generation sequencing and whole-genome sequencing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance and lineage determination in West Java, Indonesia

This study compares targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) for detecting drug resistance and lineage in Mycobacterium tuberculosis samples, finding high concordance for most drugs but some discrepancies in mutation detection and lineage resolution.

Therapeutic remodeling of the tuberculosis granuloma with 1-methyl-D-tryptophan enhances CD8+ T cell-macrophage interactions

This study shows that D-1MT treatment enhances CD8+ T cell infiltration and interactions with macrophages in TB granulomas, improving immune control of Mtb.

Mycobacteriophage D29-mediated lysis improves recovery of mycobacterial genomic DNA from low-biomass samples

This paper demonstrates that mycobacteriophage D29-mediated lysis improves genomic DNA recovery from low-biomass mycobacterial samples compared to the CTAB method.

Host control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is not influenced by the gut microbiome

This study uses a gnotobiotic mouse model to show that gut microbiome diversity does not affect Mtb lung burden, though it alters immune responses.

Loss of riboflavin biosynthesis leads to accumulation of select aromatic amino acids and loss of infectivity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

This paper shows that disrupting riboflavin biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to metabolic changes and loss of infectivity in mice.

Exploiting Vitamin B6 Dependency: BVL3572S Inhibits HisC and AlaA to Kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis

This paper identifies BVL3572S as a compound that inhibits HisC and AlaA in Mtb, causing metabolic stress and showing synergy with existing drugs.

Adaptive immunity shapes baseline physiology of M. tuberculosis in high-dose versus low-dose infection BALB/c mouse drug treatment models

This study compares M. tuberculosis physiology in high-dose and low-dose infection models, showing how adaptive immunity affects bacterial metabolism and drug efficacy.

Intrinsic flexibility of Type VII secretion central pore is required for substrate translocation

This study shows that the flexibility of the central pore in the ESX-5 type VII secretion system is essential for efficient substrate translocation, as rigidification of key residues impairs secretion.

Orthogonal perturbation of sulfur availability reveals antibiotic-induced synthetic lethality in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

This study shows that limiting sulfur availability in Mycobacterium tuberculosis increases its vulnerability to antibiotics and enhances drug efficacy in a mouse model.

Discovery of a regulatory node that coordinates cell envelope assembly in mycobacteria

The paper identifies a regulatory complex in mycobacteria that coordinates cell envelope assembly by linking arabinogalactan and mycolic acid biosynthesis.

Predicting tuberculosis relapse based on 28-day CFU, RS ratio, and/or drug contribution for novel regimens in the relapsing mouse model

The paper develops a predictive model to rank tuberculosis regimens by relapse prevention using 28-day CFU and RS ratio data from a relapsing mouse model.

Genetic control of the transcriptional response to active tuberculosis disease and treatment

The paper identifies cis-eQTL and reQTL in TB patients during treatment using RNA-seq data and variant imputation, showing changes in cell type proportions and gene expression.

Interstitial macrophages prevent tuberculosis relapse by restricting Mycobacterium tuberculosis immune evasion

This study shows that interstitial macrophages prevent tuberculosis relapse by restricting Mtb immune evasion during latent infection.

Within-host diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: weak host association and no transmission signal in a Ghanaian cohort

The paper measures within-host diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a Ghanaian cohort and finds modest diversity, lineage patterns, and no transmission signal.

Population-level genome sequencing reveals distinct Mycobacterium tuberculosis intrahost mutational trajectories in simian immunodeficiency virus co-infected and antiretroviral treated non-human primates

This study uses whole genome sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in non-human primates to identify distinct mutational trajectories in SIV-co-infected and ART-treated animals, revealing differential immune pressures and mutation patterns.