interferon and immune responses

Innate immune sensing via the cGAS-STING pathway restricts extrachromosomal DNA-driven tumorigenesis

This study shows that the cGAS-STING pathway suppresses ecDNA-driven tumorigenesis by detecting ecDNA fragments and restricting their formation.

METTL3 inhibition-activated cGAS/STING axis enhances immunotherapy and PARP inhibitor sensitivity of lung carcinoma

This study shows that inhibiting METTL3 activates the cGAS/STING pathway, enhancing anti-tumor immunity and PARP inhibitor sensitivity in lung carcinoma.

IFI16 senses and protects stalled replication forks

This paper shows that IFI16 detects stalled replication forks and triggers an innate immune response, while also protecting nascent DNA from degradation and aiding in fork protection in BRCA-deficient cells.

IRF1 Tunes Basal Immunity and Antiviral Readiness in a Context-Dependent Manner

This study shows IRF1 regulates antiviral immunity through both cytokine signaling and direct promoter binding, affecting gene expression in a context-dependent manner.

PtdIns(3,5)P2 Is an Endogenous Ligand of STING in Innate Immune Signaling

This study identifies PtdIns(3,5)P2 as an endogenous ligand of STING that cooperates with cGAMP to activate innate immune signaling.

Phospholipid Scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) Regulates Interferon-Lambda Receptor 1 (IFN-lambdaR1) and IFN-lambda Signaling in Influenza A Virus (IAV) Infection

This study shows PLSCR1 enhances IFN-lambda signaling in ciliated airway epithelial cells, improving resistance to IAV infection.

TNIP1 and Autophagy Receptors Regulate STING Signaling

This study identifies TNIP1 and autophagy receptors as regulators of STING signaling, showing their roles in immune responses and vesicle clustering.

Chikungunya virus non-structural protein 2 (nsP2) inhibits RIG-I and TLR-mediated immune response

This study shows that CHIKV nsP2 inhibits RIG-I and TLR signaling by targeting TBK1 and IRF3, revealing its role in immune evasion.

Oncolytic Reovirus mediates innate-driven SARS-CoV-2 elimination in the absence of cell toxicity

This paper shows that oncolytic Reovirus can eliminate SARS-CoV-2 in lung cells without causing toxicity by enhancing innate antiviral responses.

Cardiovirus-Mediated PKR Inhibition Results from Nucleocytoplasmic Trafficking Disruption

This study shows that cardiovirus L protein disrupts nucleocytoplasmic trafficking, leading to PKR inhibition by sequestering PKR in nucleoli and releasing nuclear RNA-binding proteins into the cytosol.

Universal and quantitative detection of double-stranded RNAs as a signature of pan-virus infections using a luciferase-based biosensor

This study develops a luciferase-based biosensor to detect and quantify dsRNA from various viral infections, showing broad-spectrum reactivity and utility in assessing antiviral compounds.

VILMIR is a trans-acting long noncoding RNA that enhances the host interferon response in human epithelial cells

This study identifies VILMIR as a long noncoding RNA that enhances the host interferon response by interacting with transcriptional and translational regulators in human epithelial cells.

Tonic interferons defend against respiratory viruses in primary human lung organoid-derived air-liquid interface cultures

The paper demonstrates that tonic interferons are critical for early antiviral defense in human lung organoid-derived air-liquid interface cultures against HRV16.

Cholesterol Remodeling by CH25h Rewires IFITM3 Trafficking and Secretion Without Enhancing Antiviral Restriction

This study shows CH25h remodels cholesterol to alter IFITM3 trafficking and secretion without enhancing antiviral restriction.

Nasopharyngeal colonisation by Streptococcus pneumoniae enhances host anti-viral responses to respiratory virus infection

This study shows that pneumococcal colonization in infant mice enhances and prolongs anti-viral immune responses to PVM infection compared to viral infection alone.

Inflammatory cytokines promote interferon regulatory factor (IRF) transcriptional activity in human pulmonary epithelial cells through the induction of IRF1 by nuclear factor-κB

This study investigates how inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β and TNF induce IRF1 expression in human pulmonary epithelial cells through NF-κB activation, revealing potential mechanisms in glucocorticoid-resistant diseases.

Dissecting type I and II interferon impacts on human immune cells in disease by a cell type-specific interferon response atlas

The paper creates a cell-type-specific IFN response atlas to distinguish IFN-I and IFN-II activities in human immune cells across diseases.

Human RNase 2 is essential for macrophage response to viral RNA

This study shows RNase 2 is essential for macrophage antiviral response and homeostasis, with loss of RNase 2 leading to stress response and impaired antiviral immunity.

Effect of OASL on OXA-induced immunogenic cell death in gastric cancer via cGAS-STING pathway

This study shows OASL modulates OXA-induced immunogenic cell death in gastric cancer via the cGAS-STING pathway, enhancing chemosensitivity.

Manganese mediates antiviral effects by driving an ATM -TBK1 phosphorylation signaling pathway

This paper identifies a manganese-induced ATM-TBK1 phosphorylation pathway that enhances antiviral immunity by promoting cytokine production and suppressing HIV replication.

Broad-spectrum antiviral activity of the synthetic rocaglate zotatifin against multiple viruses

This study evaluates zotatifin's antiviral activity against multiple viruses, finding it inhibits several virus families with dose-dependent effects and activates the interferon pathway.

High-Throughput Screening and Initial SAR Studies Identify a Novel Sub-micromolar Potent Human cGAS Inhibitor

The paper identifies a potent human cGAS inhibitor through high-throughput screening and SAR analysis, showing sub-micromolar activity and partial inhibition of cGAMP levels.

Regulation of lipid metabolism is a primordial function of STING

This study shows STING regulates lipid metabolism across species, independent of its role in antiviral immunity.

Interferon-Inducible Guanylate-Binding Protein 5 Inhibits Replication of Multiple Viruses by Binding to the Oligosaccharyltransferase Complex and Inhibiting Glycoprotein Maturation

This paper identifies GBP5 as an ISG that inhibits viral replication by blocking N-glycosylation of viral proteins, including SARS-CoV-2 spike, through interaction with the OST complex.

IFIT3 controls IFIT1 accumulation and specificity preventing self mRNA targeting during the innate immune response.

The paper shows IFIT3 regulates IFIT1 stability and activity, preventing self mRNA targeting while maintaining antiviral function during the innate immune response.

Profiling Nucleotide Signalling Pathways and STING Agonist Activity with a Nucleotide Library

The paper identifies 27 cyclic dinucleotides that activate STING, showing STING's preference for 2'3'-linked nucleotides and its ability to respond to non-hydrolysable isomers.

Ancient convergence with prokaryote defense and recent adaptations to lentiviruses in primates characterize the ancestral immune factors SAMD9s

This study identifies ancient immune convergence between prokaryotes and primates through SAMD9/9L proteins and reveals recent adaptations in bonobos and chimps enhancing HIV resistance.

The methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 inhibits cGAS-associated signaling

This study shows that MECP2 inhibits cGAS signaling by exporting to the cytosol upon dsDNA detection, dampening inflammation and antiviral responses.

Human Papillomavirus Infection Blunts STING Signaling and Alters Downstream Response

This study shows HPV infection increases cGAMP but reduces STING and IRF3 activation, dampening antiviral responses while increasing epithelial proliferation genes.

The two groups of zebrafish type I interferons target different tissues, paralleling the mammalian type I: type III IFN functional division

This study shows zebrafish type I interferons target different tissues, mirroring the mammalian division between type I and type III IFNs.