Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology

PDIM drives the transition from repairable to catastrophic EsxA-mediated vacuole membrane damage during Mycobacterium marinum infection

This study shows that EsxA initiates MCV membrane damage while PDIM amplifies lesions to cause catastrophic rupture, enabling bacterial escape.

Bronchus associated lymphoid tissue induced by an attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine prevents tuberculosis from heterologous TB challenge

This study shows that an attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine induces bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT) and protects against heterologous TB challenge in macaques.

Toward Precision Detection of Pyrazinamide Resistance: Critical Concentration Assessment and Rapid Molecular Method Validation

This study evaluates BMD and MeltPro MTB/PZA assays for detecting pyrazinamide resistance in RR-TB, finding MeltPro has high accuracy and BMD at 200 µg/mL shows better concordance with WGS.

Genomic Diagnostics for Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Computational Prediction of Antimicrobial Resistance

This paper reviews computational methods for predicting antimicrobial resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis using genomic data, comparing catalog-based and machine learning approaches.

CMPK2 restricts Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication and regulates macrophage gene expression

This study identifies CMPK2 as a host factor that restricts Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication in human macrophages and alters gene expression related to innate immunity.

A comparison of scalable approaches for the pairwise analysis of large pathogen genomic and spatial datasets: an application to studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission

The paper compares case-control and divide-and-conquer methods for efficient pairwise analysis of large pathogen genomic and spatial datasets, finding the case-control approach more robust for estimating transmission associations.

TBI-166 inhibits DlaT and LpdC, exhibiting synergistic effects with Bedaquiline and Pyrazinamide against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

This paper evaluates a three-drug regimen combining TBI-166, bedaquiline, and pyrazinamide against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, showing synergistic effects and metabolic disruption.

Combined lactate- and phosphate-dependent cytoplasmic acidification drives Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth arrest at acidic pH

This paper identifies that lactate and phosphate together cause cytoplasmic acidification and reduced proton motive force, leading to growth arrest in Mycobacterium tuberculosis at acidic pH.

In vitro dormancy models improve ability to predict treatment response in severe marmoset tuberculosis lesions

The paper shows in vitro models of tuberculosis lesions predict treatment responses in marmosets better than conventional methods.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that host Glutamine Metabolism Inhibition Enhances Macrophage Phagocytosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

This study shows that inhibiting glutamine metabolism with JHU083 enhances macrophage phagocytosis of Mtb by altering lipid metabolism and inflammatory markers.

Strain diversity drives heterogeneous responses to tuberculosis combination therapy

This study examines drug response patterns in diverse Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains to combination therapy, finding that strain-specific sensitivity varies more than genetic distance.

Integration of immunomonitoring assays with PET/CT in TB patients identifies on-treatment biomarkers

The paper identifies on-treatment biomarkers in TB patients by integrating immunomonitoring assays with PET/CT scans, showing significant cytokine changes and machine learning-based biomarkers for treatment response.

Identification and Evaluation of dibasic piperidines as novel cell wall inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The paper identifies and evaluates dibasic piperidines as novel cell wall inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, showing activity across multiple media and differential sensitivity in resistant strains.

Large-Scale Chemical-Genetic Interaction Profiling Identifies a Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Polyketide Synthase 13

This paper identifies a novel small-molecule inhibitor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pks13 through chemical-genetic interaction profiling and validates its mechanism of action.

Dual human lung models reveal compartment-specific activity of anti-tuberculosis drugs and host-directed therapies

This study uses dual human lung models to evaluate anti-tuberculosis drugs and host-directed therapies, revealing compartment-specific efficacy and immune responses.

OPTIKA, a new high content kill-kinetic assay to longitudinally assess in vitro drug combinations against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The paper introduces OPTIKA, a high-throughput time-kill assay for assessing drug combinations against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, showing it outperforms traditional methods by over 1000-fold.

Validation of an optimised Oxford Nanopore sequencing workflow versus Illumina for mycobacteria from primary MGIT culture

This study validates an optimized Oxford Nanopore sequencing workflow for mycobacteria from primary MGIT cultures, showing high concordance with Illumina for species identification and SNP detection.

Nonclinical pharmacokinetics and relative efficacy of the first 25 novel tuberculosis drug combinations from the PAN-TB consortium: Use of the BALB/c relapsing mouse model and combination pharmacokinetics within a modeling-based framework

The paper evaluates 25 tuberculosis drug combinations in a mouse model, finding 15 combinations with T90 <5 months and three top combinations curing 90% of mice in <3 months.

Host oxidative stress primes mycobacteria for rapid antibiotic resistance evolution

This study shows that host oxidative stress primes Mycobacterium tuberculosis for rapid antibiotic resistance evolution by creating permissive genomic backgrounds that accelerate resistance mutations.

Glucose selectively drives a rapid oxidative burst and immunometabolic reprogramming in human neutrophils during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

HIV inhibits Warburg metabolism in human macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

This study shows HIV-1 infection suppresses Mtb-induced glycolytic reprogramming in macrophages, altering immunometabolic responses and increasing TB susceptibility.

C-Terminal Domain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Glutamate Decarboxylase determines the bacterial stress-adaptive metabolic state that steers macrophage polarisation supporting intracellular persistence

This paper identifies the C-terminal domain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis GadB as critical for stress adaptation and macrophage polarisation, influencing infection outcomes through GABA production and ROS regulation.

Crosstalk between Stromal Cells and Macrophages Shapes Host Immunity to Mycobacteria

This study investigates how stromal cells and macrophages interact during mycobacterial infection, revealing their roles in shaping immune responses and granuloma formation.

Comparative multi-omics of the macrophage response to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex bacteria reveals pathogen-driven epigenomic reprogramming

This study uses multi-omics approaches to analyze how M. bovis infection reprograms the epigenome of bovine alveolar macrophages, identifying key genes and pathways involved in the host response.

A mixer tap mechanism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis regulates a critical metabolic node in response to nutrient availability

The paper identifies a regulatory mechanism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis that controls metabolic flux through coordinated enzyme abundance and metabolite effects, likened to a mixer tap.

Confronting global eradication of TB head on: Uncovering the root of drug resistance and bacterial survival strategies through a comprehensive computational study of first-line TB drug resistant mutations

This study identifies global patterns of drug-resistant mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and reveals a strategy where bacteria prefer less harmful mutations that reduce drug binding affinity while maintaining protein stability.

CCR6 is essential for effective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice

This study shows that CCR6 is critical for controlling Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice, with CCR6 deficiency leading to increased bacterial burden, inflammation, and mortality, especially in females.

Scalable machine learning improves resistance prediction and identifies novel determinants in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

AURA is a scalable machine learning framework for predicting antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, identifying novel resistance-associated loci.

pH-responsive substrate switching in mycobacterial Type VII ESX secretion.

This study shows that Mycobacterium marinum switches ESX-1 substrates in response to acidic pH, affecting phagosome lysis and bacterial survival.

Single-cell profiling reveals that dynamic lung immune responses distinguish protection from susceptibility to tuberculosis

This study uses single-cell RNA sequencing to identify immune dynamics distinguishing protection from susceptibility to tuberculosis in mice.