Pancreatic function and diabetes

A spatial-temporal atlas of human islet pathophysiology identifies a size-dependent trajectory from compensation to decompensation

This study identifies a size-dependent trajectory of islet remodeling in T2D, showing medium and large islets correlate with glycemic failure while small islets show compensatory responses.

Predicting Gene Disease Associations in Type 2 Diabetes Using Machine Learning on Single-Cell RNA-Seq Data

This study uses machine learning on single-cell RNA-seq data from mouse pancreatic islets to identify T2D-associated gene expression signatures.

Diminished gap junction coupling under diabetogenic conditions does not drive loss of functional beta-cell sub-populations

This study shows that restoring gap junction coupling does not fully recover functional beta-cell sub-populations under diabetogenic conditions.

Mapping the GCK-GKRP interaction landscape using deep mutational scanning by reverse two-hybrid screening

The paper characterizes GCK variants' effects on GKRP interaction using deep mutational scanning, identifying variants that specifically perturb interactions and reveal allosteric effects.

Villin-SNAP25 interaction regulates insulin secretion downstream of ICA512 signaling

This study shows that the Villin-SNAP25 interaction regulates insulin secretion by controlling secretory granule docking sites in response to glucose levels.

The effect of intrauterine growth restriction on the developing pancreatic immune system

This study identifies immune cell populations in the developing rat pancreas and spleen, showing IUGR disrupts their composition and is influenced by tissue environment and sex.

Identification of distinct functions of GLIS3 in β-cell generation critical to prevention of neonatal diabetes

This study identifies two distinct roles of GLIS3 in β-cell development, showing its critical function in bipotent progenitor generation and preβ-to-β cell differentiation, contributing to neonatal diabetes in GLIS3-deficient mice.

Generation and validation of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor knockout human embryonic stem cell line

The paper generates and validates an AHR knockout human embryonic stem cell line to study AHR's role in islet development.

Glucose is a ligand-like trigger for secretion of postprandial GLP-1

This study shows glucose directly binds to glucokinase (GK) to trigger GLP-1 secretion in intestinal L cells, independent of ATP levels, and identifies GK and KATP as key players in this process.

Exploring the intrinsic and extrinsic determinants of heterogeneity in a β-cell network

This study evaluates two β-cell network models, introduces heterogeneity based on single-cell gene expression, and incorporates paracrine signaling to improve physiological realism.

Differentiating the Roles of Metabolic Similarity and Ionic Coupling in Determining the Beta Hub Cell Phenotype

This study investigates how intrinsic metabolic and electrophysiologic properties and ionic coupling contribute to the beta hub cell phenotype in pancreatic islets.

Beta hydroxybutyrate alters beta cell identity and function in human islets

This study shows that R-BHB alters human islet cell composition and identity, while S-BHB does not, suggesting ketone metabolism influences beta cell function.

A stem cell knockout village reveals lineage rewiring and a non-canonical islet cell fate in monogenic diabetes

This study uses a knockout village framework to analyze how mutations in diabetes genes alter pancreatic beta cell development, revealing non-canonical cell fate shifts and identifying ISL1 as a key regulator.

ΔNP63 defines an exocrine-committed multipotent progenitor subset in the murine pancreas

This study identifies ΔNP63 as a marker for exocrine-committed multipotent progenitors in the murine pancreas, showing its role in exocrine development and differentiation.

Restoration of PKM1 improves functional maturation of human stem-cell derived-β cell by regulating PEP metabolism

This study identifies PKM1-regulated PEP metabolism as a key factor in improving functional maturation of human stem-cell derived β cells by enhancing calcium response and insulin secretion.

Small non-coding RNA profiling reveals inflammatory and mitochondrial related changes in aging β-cells and islet macrophages

This study profiles small non-coding RNAs in aging β-cells and islet macrophages, identifying age-related changes in miRNAs and tRFs linked to inflammation and mitochondrial function.

A 94-bp Deletion in the Promoter of the Beta-Cell Disallowed gene SLC16A1 causing Adult-onset Hyperinsulinism

This study identifies a 94-bp deletion in the SLC16A1 promoter causing hyperinsulinism by increasing MCT1 expression and triggering inappropriate insulin secretion during physical activity.

MOPRs in mouse islets of Langerhans modulate cell signaling and secretion

This study investigates how mu opioid receptors (MOPRs) in mouse islets affect cell signaling and hormone secretion, finding they modulate calcium dynamics and glucagon release.

Single cell and spatial characterization of the human pancreas reveals drivers of beta cell dysfunction in cystic fibrosis

This study uses single-cell and spatial profiling to identify cellular and molecular drivers of beta cell dysfunction in the pancreas of cystic fibrosis patients.

Distinct duration and diet dependent lipid profiles and renal complicationsin GCK-MODY

This study shows that GCK-MODY has diet- and duration-dependent effects on lipid profiles and kidney disease in mice, revealing long-term complications previously unrecognized.

GLP-1R associates with VAPB and SPHKAP at ERMCSs to regulate β-cell mitochondrial remodelling and function

This study shows GLP-1R agonists improve mitochondrial health in beta-cells by forming a complex with VAPB and SPHKAP at ER-mitochondria MCSs, leading to mitochondrial remodelling and improved function.

ER calcium stores contribute to glucose-induced Ca2+ waves and intercellular connectivity in mouse pancreatic islets

This study investigates the role of ER calcium stores in glucose-induced Ca2+ waves and intercellular connectivity in mouse pancreatic islets, finding that ER mobilization is insufficient to initiate waves but required for sustained waves and connectivity.

Harmine Selectively Drives Human Beta Cell Differentiation and Function Via Protein Kinase A Pathways

This paper shows harmine, a DYRK1A inhibitor, selectively promotes human beta cell differentiation and function via PKA activation, distinct from other DYRK1A inhibitors.

DEC1 Regulates Human β Cell Functional Maturation and Circadian Rhythm

This study shows DEC1 regulates β cell maturation and circadian rhythm in stem cell-derived islets, improving their functional maturity and glucose responsiveness.

Chromogranin A and catestatin regulate pancreatic islet homeostasis, endocrine function, and neurotransmitter signaling

This study investigates the roles of CgA and its derived peptides, CST and PST, in pancreatic islet function and glucose homeostasis using knockout mice, revealing their opposing effects on insulin resistance and metabolic processes.

Illuminating the Role of Asymmetric Mitochondrial Fission on Beta-Cell Health

This paper develops a rule-based simulation model to study mitochondrial dynamics in pancreatic beta-cells and their impact on insulin secretion and mitochondrial health.

Inhibition of eIF5A hypusination improves pancreatic islet transplantation outcomes by promoting ischemia tolerance

This study shows that treating pancreatic islets with GC7 improves their survival and function after transplantation by enhancing resistance to ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Assessing the Rate-Dependence of the First Phase of Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion: Dynamic Perifusion Studies with Isolated Human Pancreatic Islets

This study investigates the rate-dependence of the first phase of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion using dynamic perifusion of human pancreatic islets, finding it follows a sigmoid function of the glucose gradient.

Anti-CD3 microporous annealed particle hydrogel protects stem cell derived beta cells from autoreactive T cells

This study develops a CD3-functionalized hydrogel to protect stem cell-derived beta cells from immune rejection in diabetes therapy.

Role of Complexin 2 in the regulation of hormone secretion from the islet of Langerhans

This study shows that Complexin 2 inhibits glucagon and somatostatin secretion and disrupts paracrine inhibition of insulin secretion in pancreatic islets.