interferon and immune responses

Cleavage of the catalytic intermediate fine-tunes cGAS signalling

The paper identifies a regulatory mechanism that tunes cGAS signaling by cleaving a catalytic intermediate, preventing excessive activation while preserving immune function.

Neuronal interactions in forebrain organoids lead to protective antiviral responses

The paper shows that in 3D forebrain organoids, neurons and neural progenitors use type I interferon signaling to limit viral spread through intercellular communication.

BATF2 is a regulator of interferon-gamma signaling in astrocytes during neuroinflammation

The paper identifies BATF2 as a key suppressor of overactive immune signaling in astrocytes during neuroinflammation by regulating IRF1 and Caspase-1 expression.

The African Swine Fever Virus gene MGF_360-4L inhibits interferon signaling by recruiting mitochondrial selective autophagy receptor SQSTM1 degrading MDA5 antagonizing innate immune responses

This study identifies ASFV MGF_360-4L as a virulence gene that inhibits interferon signaling by degrading MDA5 via SQSTM1-mediated autophagy and blocking ISGylation, leading to reduced viral virulence in pigs.

Apoptotic caspases silence spontaneous innate immune signals by specifically cleaving activated mitochondrial antiviral signalling protein (MAVS)

This study shows caspase-3 cleaves activated MAVS to suppress spontaneous innate immune signaling in non-apoptotic cells.

Spatio-temporal analysis of the innate immune response to cytoplasmic dsDNA using a novel cGAMP biosensor

The paper develops a fluorescent cGAMP biosensor to monitor cGAS-STING signaling dynamics in real-time and across different cellular contexts.

Identification of novel cis-acting elements, E-box and ISRE, regulating IFNγ-IRF1 axis-mediated NLRC5 expression

This study identifies two novel cis-regulatory elements and IRF1 as a regulator of NLRC5, revealing how viral factors inhibit IFNγ-mediated MHC class I pathway.

The critical role of enterovirus 2A protease in viral translation, replication, and antagonism of host antiviral responses.

This study demonstrates that enterovirus 2A protease is critical for viral replication and evasion of host antiviral responses through multiple mechanisms.

Structural and functional characterization of the KHNYN extended-diKH domain for mediating ZAP antiviral activity

This study characterizes the KHNYN ex-diKH domain's role in ZAP antiviral activity, revealing its structural features and identifying a potential protein-protein interaction site.

AMPK- and cGAS-Mediated Dual Sensing of Glucose and dsDNA Synergizes to Enhance Antitumor Immunity

This study identifies a mechanism where AMPK and cGAS-STING signaling synergize through glucose and dsDNA sensing to enhance antitumor immunity in melanoma and colorectal cancer.

Short 5' UTRs serve as a marker for viral mRNA translation inhibition by the IFIT2-IFIT3 antiviral complex

The paper shows that short 5' UTRs in viral mRNAs are recognized by the IFIT2-IFIT3 complex, leading to translation inhibition and antiviral activity.

Tim-3 promotes viral infection by suppressing USP25-TRAF3-IRF7 signaling pathway

This study shows Tim-3 suppresses antiviral immunity by inhibiting the USP25-TRAF3-IRF7 signaling pathway in myeloid cells during VSV encephalitis.

Gene regulatory logic of the interferon-β enhancer contains multiple selectively deployed modes of transcription factor synergy

The paper identifies multiple synergy modes of transcription factors in the IFNβ enhancer that enable stimulus-specific regulation of IFNβ expression.

The acidic N-terminus of HHARI and neddylation are essential for the activation and maintenance of RIG-I-mediated type I interferon response

This study identifies the acidic N-terminus and neddylation of HHARI as essential for RIG-I activation and type I interferon signaling.

Ku suppresses RNA-mediated innate immune responses in human cells to accommodate primate-specific Alu expansion.

The paper shows Ku suppresses RNA-mediated innate immune responses in human cells, enabling primate-specific Alu element expansion by reducing dsRNA-induced inflammation.

Dengue virus replicative-form dsRNA is recognized by RIG-I and MDA5 cooperatively to activate innate immunity

This study identifies the DENV replicative-form dsRNA as the PAMP recognized by RIG-I and MDA5 to activate innate immunity against dengue virus.

Ex vivo modelling of lung tissue resident antimicrobial responses

This paper compares antiviral and antibacterial responses in murine and human precision cut lung slices (PCLS) using transcriptomics, showing distinct immune profiles due to differences in tissue resident immune cell composition.

Antiviral Mx proteins have an ancient origin and widespread distribution among eukaryotes

The paper traces the evolutionary origins of Mx proteins, showing they predate the interferon system and are widespread across eukaryotes, including fungi, plants, and early-branching lineages.

Type I and type III interferon receptor knockout chickens: Novel models for unraveling interferon dynamics in influenza infection

This study creates IFN receptor knockout chickens to investigate IFN dynamics in influenza infection, revealing strain-specific roles and highlighting type I IFN's importance in initial defense against H3N1.

Macromolecular Diamidobenzimidazole Conjugates Activate STING

This study shows that macromolecular diABZI conjugates activate STING in vitro and in vivo, with similar potency to small molecule agonists, suggesting new strategies for STING agonist delivery.

Global transcriptome analysis identifies nicotinamide metabolism to play key roles in IFN-gamma and nitric oxide modulated responses

This study identifies nicotinamide metabolism as a key modulator of IFN-gamma and nitric oxide responses through transcriptomic and metabolic analysis in macrophages.

Investigating antiviral pathways in Atlantic salmon cells through interferon receptor knockouts via CRISPR-Cas9

This study uses CRISPR-Cas9 to knockout IFN receptor genes in Atlantic salmon cells to assess their role in antiviral signaling against ISAV and IPNV, revealing gene-specific effects and alternative pathways.

VZV gE Promotes STING Degradation via Midnolin-Proteasome Pathway to Inhibit cGAS-STING Signaling

This study shows VZV gE inhibits cGAS-STING signaling by promoting STING degradation via Midnolin-proteasome pathway, enhancing viral proliferation and immune evasion.

ZNFX1 is a Novel Master Regulator in Epigenetically-induced Pathogen Mimicry and Inflammasome Signaling in Cancer

This study identifies ZNFX1 as a master regulator of epigenetically-induced pathogen mimicry and inflammasome signaling in ovarian cancer, linking its expression to disease progression and survival.

Activation of cGAS-STING signaling pathway during HCV infection

This study investigates the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway during HCV infection and shows it induces type I interferon responses and suppresses viral replication.

Cholesterol Restriction Primes RIG-I Antiviral Responses Through a Noncanonical Type I IFN Pathway

This study shows that cholesterol restriction enhances RIG-I antiviral responses via a noncanonical type I IFN pathway, with implications for viral pandemic treatments.

An MST-based assay reveals new binding preferences of IFIT1 for canonically and non-canonically capped RNAs

This study develops an MST-based assay to assess IFIT1 binding to various capped RNAs, revealing new preferences for canonical and non-canonical RNA caps.

Classification and functional characterization of regulators of intracellular STING trafficking identified by genome-wide optical pooled screening

The paper identifies regulators of STING trafficking through genome-wide screening and characterizes their functional impact on STING signaling.

Regulation of interferon signaling by transposon exonization

The paper identifies transposon exonization as a mechanism regulating interferon signaling by generating functional variants of immune genes, including a decoy receptor that inhibits interferon signaling.

Influenza A virus transcription generates capped cRNAs that activate RIG-I

This study identifies a novel IAV RNA species, capped complementary RNAs (ccRNAs), which hybridize with viral RNA to activate RIG-I, revealing an alternative mechanism for innate immune activation during IAV infection.