RNA modifications and cancer

Single-nucleotide resolution profiling reveals dynamic and site-specific m⁶A regulation during human myogenesis

The paper maps single-nucleotide resolution m⁶A methylation in human myogenic differentiation, revealing dynamic epitranscriptomic changes and species-specific patterns.

Structural insights into the recognition and catalysis of tRNA by human NSUN2

This study determines the structure of human NSUN2 in complex with tRNA substrates, revealing its mechanism of substrate recognition and catalytic specificity, and identifies a small-molecule inhibitor.

The two-step purification method ViREn identifies a single NSUN6-mediated 5-methylcytosine modification promoting dengue virus RNA genome turnover

ViREn is a two-step method that purifies dengue virus RNA with high purity, revealing a 5-methylcytosine modification mediated by NSUN6 that affects RNA turnover.

Defining expansions and perturbations to the RNA polymerase III transcriptome and epitranscriptome by modified direct RNA nanopore sequencing

This paper introduces DRAP3R, a method for analyzing Pol III transcribed RNAs and their modifications, revealing new transcripts and epitranscriptomic changes in infected cells.

Single-Nucleotide m6A Mapping Uncovers Redundant YTHDF Function in Planarian Progenitor Fate Selection

The paper maps single-nucleotide m6A modifications in planarians and shows that multiple YTHDF readers redundantly regulate progenitor fate and body size.

METTL3 regulates exocytosis independently of m6A

This study identifies a non-catalytic role of METTL3 in regulating exocytosis and the cancer secretome through stabilization of EXOC7.

FTO promotes skeletal muscle differentiation and regeneration by regulating m6A-modified c-Myc

This study shows FTO promotes skeletal muscle differentiation and regeneration by regulating m6A-modified c-Myc through the IGF2BP2 axis.

Interprotomer Communication and Functional Asymmetry in H/ACA snoRNPs

This study presents cryo-EM structures of active H/ACA snoRNPs, revealing inter-protomer interactions and how mutations affect pseudouridine formation and ribosome biogenesis.

Genome-wide profiling of RNA 2'-O-methylation in neurons and identification of orphan snoRNA targets

The paper compares RNA 2'-O-methylation patterns in neurons with and without specific snoRNA deletions, identifying new targets of orphan snoRNAs.

A high-throughput methods SNIPR-Nm reveals small RNA methylation ratio

The paper introduces a high-throughput method to quantify small RNA methylation ratios, demonstrating its application in mouse testis to measure Nm on piRNAs and miRNAs.

IGF2BP3 promotes the progression of gastric cancer by activating cGMP-PKG signaling pathway via targeting FBXO32

This study identifies IGF2BP3 as a promoter of gastric cancer progression by upregulating FBXO32 via m6A binding and activating the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway.

Inhibition of METTL3 by STC-15 induces RNA misprocessing that results in dsRNA formation and activates innate immunity

This study shows that inhibiting METTL3 with STC-15 causes RNA misprocessing, leading to dsRNA formation and activation of innate immunity in cancer cells.

RBM15 promotes lung adenocarcinoma progression and palbociclib sensitivity via m6A-mediated STIL activation and downstream cyclin D1/CDK4 signaling

ALKBH1 drives codon-biased, pro-oncogenic translation and tumor microenvironment remodeling in glioma via tRNA wobble oxidation

This study identifies ALKBH1 as a driver of codon-biased translation and tumor microenvironment remodeling in glioma, promoting stemness and immune evasion.

Disrupted tRNA modification leads to intestinal mitochondrial dysfunction and microbial dysbiosis

This study shows that QTRT1 deficiency causes intestinal mitochondrial dysfunction and microbial dysbiosis in IBD, linking tRNA-Q modification to mucosal homeostasis.

i6A-seq maps N6-isopentenyladenosine and uncovers its role as a regulator of mRNA stability through recruitment of DIS3L2

The paper introduces i6A-seq, a method to map N6-isopentenyladenosine in mRNA, revealing its role in mRNA stability via DIS3L2 recruitment.

Transcript-wide m6A methylation defines the efficiency of the cap-independent translation initiation

The paper investigates how global m6A methylation levels affect cap-independent translation efficiency, showing that total m6A levels, not specific localization, determine this process.

Cannabinoids shift the basal ganglia miRNA m6A methylation profile towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype in SIV-infected Rhesus macaques

This study shows cannabinoids reduce m6A methylation in miRNAs of SIV-infected macaques, shifting their profile towards an anti-inflammatory state.

Post-transcriptional modifications on tRNA fragments confer functional changes to high-density lipoproteins in atherosclerosis

The paper investigates how post-transcriptional modifications on tRNA fragments in HDL affect atherosclerosis by altering immune signaling and macrophage activation.

Single-nucleotide resolution mapping of m6A of zebrafish mRNAs in early embryonic development links m6A modifications to the maternal-to-zygotic transition

The paper maps m6A modifications in zebrafish embryos at single-nucleotide resolution, showing a significant decrease during maternal-to-zygotic transition.

Ion-Pair-Free Nanoflow HILIC-MS With RNase Benchmarking for Native RNA

The paper introduces a sensitive oligonucleotide-MS workflow for analyzing native RNA modifications and benchmarks three nucleases for their ability to cleave modified RNAs.

RNMT is recruited to RNA by interaction with RNA G-quadraplexes

This study identifies RNMT's direct interaction with RNA G-quadruplexes, revealing a mechanism for gene-specific cap methylation during RNA processing.

N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation is a novel epitranscriptomic regulator of excessive alcohol drinking and vulnerability to relapse

This study shows that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation regulates alcohol drinking and relapse by altering gene expression in the hippocampus of mice.

Diverse expression and modification of tRNAs and tRNA-derived RNAs in 19 mouse tissues

This study examines tRNA and tRNA-derived RNA (tDR) expression and modification across 19 mouse tissues, revealing tissue-specific patterns and regulatory mechanisms.

N6-methyladenosine regulation of mRNA translation is essential for early human erythropoiesis

This study identifies two critical m6A-regulated developmental windows in human erythropoiesis, showing m6A-MTase activity is essential for proliferation and differentiation in BFU-E and CFU-E.

Detection of stress-dependent m5C rRNA dynamics in Escherichia coli using m5C-Rol-LAMP

The paper introduces m5C-Rol-LAMP to detect m5C in RNA, showing stress-dependent changes in E. coli rRNA modifications.

Impact of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) machinery on HIV-1 replication in primary CD4+ T cells

This study investigates the role of m6A machinery in HIV-1 replication in primary CD4+ T cells, finding that auxiliary m6A writer complex members and the reader YTHDF2 significantly impact viral replication, while catalytic core components have minimal effect.

Disruption of the mRNA m6A writer complex triggers autoimmunity in Arabidopsis

This study shows that disrupting the mRNA m6A writer complex in Arabidopsis triggers autoimmunity, with temperature-dependent effects on gene expression and pathogen resistance.

The mammalian rapid tRNA decay pathway is critical for N⁷-methylguanosine-hypomodified tRNA degradation under physiological conditions

The paper shows that XRN2-dependent decay of mG-hypomodified tRNAs occurs under physiological conditions and is conserved across species.

Direct RNA sequencing (RNA004) allows for improved transcriptome assessment and near real-time tracking of methylation for medical applications

This study evaluates improvements in direct RNA sequencing (DRS) using RNA004 chemistry and modified-base-calling models, showing enhanced throughput, accuracy, and detection of RNA modifications in clinical applications.