RNA modifications and cancer

RlmQ: A Newly Discovered rRNA Modification Enzyme Bridging RNA Modification and Virulence Traits in Staphylococcus aureus

This study identifies RlmQ, a methyltransferase in Staphylococcus aureus responsible for a unique rRNA modification, and shows its impact on bacterial growth and virulence.

RluA is the major mRNA pseudouridine synthase in Escherichia coli

The paper identifies RluA as the main pseudouridine synthase in E. coli mRNAs, showing it modifies 31 of 44 high-confidence sites through a sequence and structural motif.

A tRNA-specific function for tRNA methyltransferase Trm10 is associated with a new tRNA quality control mechanism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The paper identifies a specific role for Trm10-mediated m1G9 modification in tRNATrp quality control in yeast, showing it is essential for tRNATrp function and subject to a distinct quality control mechanism.

Enhanced detection of RNA modifications and mappability with high-accuracy nanopore RNA basecalling models

This paper shows that using high-accuracy nanopore RNA basecalling models improves detection of RNA modifications, read mappability, and basecalling accuracy.

The conserved wobble uridine tRNA thiolase Ctu1 is required to sustain development and differentiation

This study shows that CTU1 is essential for zebrafish development and erythroid differentiation, as its knockdown impairs larval development and blocks erythroid cell differentiation.

The highly abundant mRNA m1A modification: a new layer of gene regulation in dinoflagellates

This study identifies m1A as the prevalent mRNA modification in dinoflagellates, showing its role in post-transcriptional regulation of translation efficiency.

ModrRNA1: A tool for rapid general identification of possible RNA modification sites in bacterial rRNA and prediction of the associated putative enzymes

ModrRNA1 identifies potential rRNA modification sites and associated enzymes in bacteria using a curated database and sequence alignment, with a web interface and open-source code.

mRNA N1-2'O-methylation by CMTR1 affects NVL2 mRNA splicing

This study shows that CMTR1-mediated N1-2'O-methylation prevents antiviral recognition and regulates NVL2 mRNA splicing, affecting cell size, division, and ribosome biogenesis.

m6a governs length-dependent enrichment of mRNAs in stress granules

The paper shows that m6A methylation drives length-dependent mRNA enrichment in stress granules by enabling YTHDF-mediated mRNA interactions.

tRNA epitranscriptomic alterations associated with opioid-induced reward-seeking and long-term opioid withdrawal

This study investigates how chronic morphine exposure and withdrawal alter tRNA cytosine methylation in the medial prefrontal cortex, linking these changes to reward-seeking behavior and opioid use disorder.

Mettl1-dependent m7G tRNA modification is essential for maintaining spermatogenesis and fertility in Drosophila melanogaster

This study shows that Mettl1-dependent m7G tRNA modification is essential for spermatogenesis and fertility in Drosophila, as its loss leads to sterility and tRNA instability.

Intergenerational hormesis is regulated by heritable 18S rRNA methylation

The paper tracks heritable methylation transmission in C. elegans and shows that parental starvation induces intergenerational hormesis via 18S rRNA methylation.

Kar4, the Yeast Homolog of METTL14, is Required for mRNA m6A Methylation and Meiosis

This study identifies Kar4 as a key component of the yeast mRNA methyltransferase complex required for both mating and meiosis, with distinct functional roles in these processes.

m6A mRNA Methylation Regulates Early Pancreatic β-Cell Differentiation

This study investigates the role of m6A methylation in early pancreatic β-cell differentiation in humans and mice, showing METTL14's essential role in this process.

mAFiA: Detecting m6A at single-molecular resolution via direct-RNA sequencing

The paper develops a method to detect m6A modifications at single-molecular resolution using direct-RNA sequencing by creating synthetic data and a bespoke algorithm.

N6-Adenosine methylation regulates the translation of insulin mRNA

This study shows that N6-adenosine methylation regulates insulin mRNA translation in D. melanogaster, leading to metabolic phenotypes and conserved m6A signatures in vertebrate insulin mRNAs.

Crosstalk between RNA m6A and DNA methylation regulates transposable element chromatin activation and cell fate in human pluripotent stem cells

Pre-mRNA splicing inhibits m6A deposition, allowing longer mRNA half-life and flexible protein coding

Small molecule activation of m6A mRNA methylation as a novel approach for neuroprotection

The paper identifies small molecule activators of m6A mRNA methylation that protect and regenerate dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease models.

Ythdf2 regulates cardiac remodeling through its m6A-mRNA target transcripts

This study shows that Ythdf2, an m6A reader protein, regulates cardiac function by controlling gene expression through its target transcripts, leading to cardiac remodeling in heart failure models.

Mettl14-mediated m6A modification ensures the cell cycle progression of late-born retinal progenitor cells

The paper shows that Mettl14-mediated m6A modification is critical for cell cycle progression of late-born retinal progenitor cells, preventing cell cycle arrest and neuronal death.

The yeast RNA methylation complex consists of conserved yet reconfigured components with m6A-dependent and independent roles

The paper identifies three novel components of the yeast m6A methyltransferase complex and reveals their distinct m6A-dependent and independent roles in meiosis and mating.

Regulation of RNA methylation by therapy treatment, promotes tumor survival

The paper shows that therapy-induced stress increases METTL3 translation, altering gene expression to promote tumor survival.

Common Analysis of Direct RNA SequencinG CUrrently Leads to Misidentification of 5-Methylcytosine Modifications at GCU Motifs

The paper identifies a false positive in m5C detection by Tombo in GCU motifs across diverse RNA samples, suggesting published findings should be re-evaluated.

Quantitative profiling of pseudouridylation landscape in the human transcriptome

The paper develops a method to quantitatively profile pseudouridylation sites in the human transcriptome and identifies modification targets of pseudouridine synthases.

Epitranscriptome analysis of NAD-capped RNA by spike-in-based normalization

The paper introduces enONE, a normalization framework for NAD-RNA epitranscriptome analysis, enabling accurate comparison across datasets and revealing age-related features of NAD-capped RNAs.

Non-catalytic regulation of 18S rRNA methyltransferase DIMT1 in acute myeloid leukemia

This study shows that DIMT1's non-catalytic function is essential for AML proliferation and identifies a target region for therapeutic intervention.

Vir1p, the Yeast Homolog of Virilizer, is Required for mRNA m6A Methylation and Meiosis

This paper identifies Vir1p as a yeast protein required for mRNA m6A methylation and meiosis, showing it stabilizes the methyltransferase complex and is essential for meiotic progression.

Nuclear m6A Reader YTHDC1 Promotes Muscle Stem Cell Activation/Proliferation by Regulating mRNA Splicing and Nuclear Export

This study identifies YTHDC1 as a critical regulator of muscle stem cell activation and proliferation by modulating mRNA splicing and nuclear export during regeneration.

A Standardized Ontology for Naming tRNA-derived RNAs Based on Molecular Origin

The paper proposes a standardized ontology for naming tRNA-derived RNAs based on molecular origin to improve inter-study comparisons.