Pancreatic function and diabetes

Enteropancreatic neurons drive the glucoregulatory response to ingested lipid

This study shows that enteropancreatic neurons expressing NTSR1 mediate olive oil's effect on glucose tolerance by stimulating insulin release.

A human and mouse subpopulation of senescent β-cells induces pathologic dysfunction through targetable paracrine signaling

The paper identifies senescent β-cell subpopulations in humans and mice that induce pathologic dysfunction through paracrine signaling and shows JAK inhibitors can reverse this effect.

Faster amylin aggregation on fibrillar collagen hastens diabetic progression through β cell death and loss of function

This study shows that amylin aggregates faster on fibrillar collagen, leading to β-cell death and dysfunction, which accelerates diabetic progression.

CYP1A1/1A2 enzymes mediate glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion in mice in a sex-specific manner

This study shows that CYP1A1/1A2 enzymes affect glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion in mice, with sex-specific differences in their impact on metabolic responses to high-fat diets.

Role of GLP1-receptor signaling and α-β-cell communication in functional β-cell heterogeneity.

This study investigates how GLP-1R signaling shapes β-cell heterogeneity by analyzing calcium dynamics in islets from different mouse models and humanized KO mice.

Molecular mapping and functional validation of GLP-1R cholesterol binding sites in pancreatic beta cells

This study identifies and validates cholesterol binding sites on GLP-1R in pancreatic beta cells, showing their role in receptor function and potential for drug design.

A Comprehensive Workflow for Imaging Live Insulin Secretion Events and Granules in Intact Islets

This paper presents a method to image insulin secretion and granule dynamics in live pancreatic islets using Zn2+-binding dyes and TIRF microscopy, revealing distinct secretion behaviors of different insulin granule pools.

Bioengineering of the implantable vascularized endocrine constructs for insulin delivery suitable for clinical upscaling

The paper develops a scalable hydrogel-based vascularized endocrine construct for diabetes treatment, showing sustained glycemic control in preclinical models.

Molecular Correlates of Glycine Receptor Activity in Human β Cells

This study investigates GlyR dysfunction in T2D and high glucose conditions, finding reduced GlyR currents and gene expression, but no splicing changes, and links GlyR activity to gene regulatory networks.

Small things matter: Lack of extra-islet beta cells in Type 1 diabetes

Image analysis of 262,832 pancreatic endocrine objects across 220 donors reveals that small beta-cell-only clusters are abundant in early childhood but virtually absent in type 1 diabetes.

Liraglutide treatment reverses unconventional cellular defects in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived β cells harboring a partially functional WFS1 variant

This study shows liraglutide treatment restores glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and reduces apoptosis in WFS1 mutant iPSC-derived β cells.

C3aR1 on β cells enhances β cell function and survival

This study shows that C3aR1 on β cells improves β cell function and survival, especially in obesity and T2D, by enhancing insulin secretion and reducing cell death.

β-adrenergic blockers increase cAMP and stimulate insulin secretion through a PKA/RYR2/TRPM5 pathway in pancreatic β-cells in vitro

Intestinal fructose metabolism triggers a GLP-1-β-cell axis to prevent post-fructose hyperglycaemia

This study shows that intestinal fructose metabolism increases GLP-1 secretion, which enhances insulin release and prevents hyperglycaemia, with this effect being impaired in obese diabetic mice.

Single Nucleus Multiome Analysis Reveals Early Inflammatory Response to High-Fat Diet in Mouse Pancreatic Islets

The paper uses single nucleus multiomics to study early inflammatory responses in mouse pancreatic islets under high-fat diet, finding proinflammatory gene activation and reduced beta-cell identity.

Exploration of individual beta cell function over time in vivo: effects of hyperglycemia and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) agonism

This study monitors beta cell function in vivo over time, showing hyperglycemia disrupts Ca2+ dynamics and hub cells, while GLP1R agonism restores them.

Pyruvate kinase modulates the link between β-cell fructose metabolism and insulin secretion

This study identifies pyruvate kinase as a key regulator linking β-cell fructose metabolism and insulin secretion, showing that a PK activator can restore fructose-stimulated insulin secretion in diabetic models.

TMEM55A-mediated PI5P signaling regulates α-cell actin depolymerization and glucagon secretion

This study identifies TMEM55A as a regulator of α-cell exocytosis and glucagon secretion through PI5P signaling and F-actin remodeling in response to oxidative stress.

Efficient transduction of pancreas tissue slices with genetically encoded calcium integrators

This paper develops a method to efficiently transduce pancreas tissue slices with CaMPARI2 for analyzing calcium responses, finding size-dependent differences in glucose-induced activity between isolated and slice-islets.

The Photoswitchable Cannabinoid Azo-HU308 Enables Optical Control of Ca2+ Signaling in Pancreatic β-Cells via a Non CB2 TRPC Channel Mechanism

This paper demonstrates that azo-HU308, a light-activatable cannabinoid, optically controls Ca2+ influx in pancreatic β-cells via TRPC channels, not CB2 receptors.

Exploring the functional, protective, and transcriptomic effects of GIP on cytokine-exposed human pancreatic islets and EndoC-βH5 cells

This study investigates the functional, protective, and transcriptomic effects of GIP on cytokine-exposed human pancreatic islets and EndoC-βH5 cells, finding CaMK2-dependent insulinotropic effects but limited cytoprotection and transcriptomic modulation.

MIR192 Upregulates GLP-1 Receptor and Improves Statin-Induced Impairment of Insulin Secretion

This study identifies MIR192 as a regulator of GLP-1 receptor expression, showing it improves statin-induced impairment of insulin secretion.

A novel tool for optogenetic control of Islets of Langerhans: The Optopus Box

The paper introduces an optogenetic tool called the Optopus Box to study pancreatic islet cell communication in a drug-free environment.

Melatonin and GABA monotherapies are as efficacious as combination therapy in managing T1D and T2D: In-vivo studies on experimental diabetic models

This study compares the efficacy of melatonin and GABA monotherapies to their combination in treating T1D and T2D in mouse models, finding monotherapies equally effective.

Characterisation of native human pancreatic mesenchymal stromal cells in type 1 diabetes

This study characterizes native human pancreatic mesenchymal stromal cells (npMSCs) in type 1 diabetes, finding increased npMSC density around insulin-containing islets and reduced density around insulin-deficient islets in diabetic individuals.

Lysine Potentiates Insulin Secretion via AASS-Dependent Catabolism and Regulation of GABA Content and Signaling

This study shows lysine enhances insulin secretion through AASS-dependent catabolism, which regulates GABA content and mitochondrial function in beta cells.

Effects of Arginine Vasopressin on Islet Cells in Pancreatic Tissue Slices: Glucose-Dependent Modulation of Alpha and Beta Cell Activity

This study investigates how arginine vasopressin (AVP) modulates alpha and beta cell activity in pancreatic tissue slices in a glucose-dependent manner, revealing bell-shaped concentration responses and receptor-specific effects.

ShenQi Compound improves diabetes by modulating pancreatic mitochondrial energy metabolism in GK rats

This study shows ShenQi Compound improves diabetes in GK rats by enhancing mitochondrial energy metabolism and reducing oxidative stress.

c-Jun regulates postpartum β-cell apoptosis and survival downstream of prolactin signaling

This study identifies c-Jun as a regulator of postpartum β-cell apoptosis and survival through prolactin signaling in both murine and human islets.

Glucagon dysfunction in the liver induces hyperplasia of PP cells and the production of glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide double-positive cells

The paper shows that glucagon dysfunction in the liver leads to PP cell hyperplasia and the emergence of GCG+ PP+ double-positive cells through hyperaminoacidemia and mTOR signaling.