Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

Core Activation Program and Selective Regional Responsiveness of Microglia in Aging and Parabiosis

The paper identifies microglial states and activation genes in aging and parabiosis, revealing region-specific responses and vulnerabilities in the brain.

As48, a First-in-Class Dual-Function TREM2 Modulator: Receptor Activation and Shedding Inhibition

As48 is a small molecule that activates TREM2 and inhibits its shedding, offering a dual mechanism to enhance microglial function in Alzheimer's disease.

MICROGLIAL EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES MEDIATE C1Q DEPOSITION AT THE PRE-SYNAPSE AND PROMOTE SYNAPTIC PRUNING

This study shows that microglial extracellular vesicles deliver C1q to presynaptic sites, promoting synaptic pruning and linking vesicle release to synaptic remodeling.

The G-protein coupled receptor GPR34 maintains the homeostatic state of microglia and restrains the disease-associated microglial response in an Alzheimers disease model

This study shows that GPR34 maintains microglial homeostasis and limits disease-associated microglial responses in Alzheimer's disease models.

Spatial and molecular insights into microglial roles in cerebellar aging

The paper investigates age-related changes in cerebellar microglia using single-nuclei RNA sequencing and MERFISH, finding enhanced neuroprotective immune activation and proximity to granule cells in aged mice.

Metabolic reprogramming and altered ATP content impair neuroprotective functions of microglia in β-glucocerebrosidase deficiency models

This study shows that GCase deficiency in microglia leads to metabolic changes and ATP depletion, impairing their neuroprotective functions and increasing neuronal vulnerability in Parkinson's disease.

Genetic dissection of microglia cannibalism reveals an IL10 signaling axis controls microglia lifespan

The paper identifies an IL10 signaling axis that controls microglia lifespan through lysosomal dynamics in zebrafish and mouse models.

Selective agonism of GPR34 stimulates microglial uptake and clearance of amyloid β fibrils

This study identifies GPR34 as a regulator of microglial amyloid β fibril uptake, showing that its agonist enhances fibril clearance and that its expression declines with age and AD progression.

TREM2 Activation by First-in-Class Direct Small Molecule Agonists: DEL Screening, Optimization, Biophysical Validation, and Functional Characterization

This paper identifies first-in-class small molecule agonists of TREM2 through DEL screening, validates their binding and function, and suggests a novel activation mechanism.

Repeat Opioid Use Modulates Microglia Activity and Amyloid Beta Clearance in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease

This study shows that chronic fentanyl use alters microglia activity and amyloid beta clearance in Alzheimer's disease mice, potentially influencing disease progression.

Knockout of Perilipin 2 in Microglia Alters Lipid Droplet Accumulation and Response to Alzheimer's Disease Stimuli

This study shows that knocking out Perilipin 2 in microglia reduces lipid droplet accumulation, enhances phagocytosis, and alters metabolic responses to Alzheimer's disease stimuli.

The antiviral Interferon pathway drives astrocyte aging and motor decline

This study shows that antiviral type I interferons drive astrocyte aging and motor decline in aging, with implications for therapeutic intervention.

Sex-dependent hypothalamic microinflammation and microglial polarization: The role of JNK in high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance

This study investigates sex-specific hypothalamic microinflammation and microglial polarization in response to high-fat diet, identifying JNK3 as a key regulator of these processes in males.

Activation of IRF7/ISG15 axis in microglia inhibits NLRP3 Expression and Improves the Prognosis of Ischemia/Reperfusion in Mice

This study shows that activating the IRF7/ISG15 axis in microglia reduces NLRP3 expression and improves ischemia/reperfusion outcomes in mice, with ISG15 having stronger neuroprotective effects.

Ethanol induces neuroimmune dysregulation and soluble TREM2 generation in a human iPSC neuron, astrocyte, microglia triculture model

This study shows ethanol exposure in a human iPSC-derived triculture model increases TREM2 expression and soluble TREM2 through alternative splicing, suggesting a link to neuroimmune dysregulation in alcohol use disorders.

Short-term microglia depletion via CSF-1R inhibition promotes functional network reorganization and motor recovery after cortical ischemia

The paper shows that short-term microglia depletion after stroke improves motor recovery and changes brain connectivity.

Cellf-Deception: Human microglia clone 3 (HMC3) cells exhibit more astrocyte-like than microglia-like gene expression

The paper shows that HMC3 cells are more astrocyte-like than microglia-like, suggesting they are not a reliable microglia model.

Alcohol Dependence-Induced Astrocyte Immune Activation in the Nucleus Accumbens

This study identifies astrocyte-specific gene and pathway changes in the nucleus accumbens during alcohol dependence using RNA-Seq and TRAP, revealing distinct immune activation patterns compared to ethanol drinking.

Epigenetic control of microglial developmental milestones from proliferative progenitors to efficient phagocytes

This study identifies a proliferative-to-quiescent switch in microglial development and links it to epigenetic regulation and phagocytic function.

Sex specific correction of maternal inflammation-induced behavioral abnormalities by the inhibition of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor

This study shows that inhibiting CSF1R in male MIA offspring improves sociability and memory, while female offspring show no improvement, highlighting sex-specific therapeutic potential.

Metabolic Flexibility of Microglia: Energy Substrate Utilization and Impact on Neuronal Metabolism

This study investigates microglial metabolism and its impact on neuronal metabolism using isotope tracing and GC-MS, revealing novel metabolic functions and interactions.

Microglia promote neurodegeneration and hyperkatifeia during withdrawal and prolonged abstinence from chronic binge alcohol

This study shows that proinflammatory microglia contribute to neuronal death and hyperkatifeia during prolonged abstinence from binge alcohol in mice.

Radial astroglia cooperate with microglia to clear neuronal cell bodies during zebrafish optic tectum development

The paper shows radial astroglia form scyllate heads to surround dying neurons during zebrafish optic tectum development, with microglia later removing their contents.

Senescent astrocytic deposits drive cognitive decline by disrupting tripartite synapse in the aging brain

This study identifies Senescent Astrocytic Deposits (SAD) as a mechanism linking astrocyte senescence to synaptic dysfunction and cognitive decline in aging brains.

lncRNA 3222401L13Rik/ENSG00000272070 modulates microglial inflammatory programs in association with PU.1

This paper identifies a lncRNA, 3222401L13Rik/ENSG00000272070, that modulates microglial inflammatory responses through interaction with PU.1 and is reduced in Alzheimer's disease brains.

NDR2 Kinase Regulate Microglial Metabolic Adaptation and Inflammatory Response: Critical Role in Glucose-Dependent Functional Plasticity

This study shows NDR2 kinase is essential for microglial metabolic adaptation to high glucose and inflammatory responses, with implications for diabetic retinopathy.

Cortical reactive microglia activate astrocytes, increasing neurodegeneration in human alcohol use disorder

This study identifies a distinct reactive microglial phenotype in human AUD that activates astrocytes, contributing to neurodegeneration and heavy drinking.

Midbrain microglia-integrated organoids as a next-generation tool for chronic morphine withdrawal research: A pilot study

This study develops microglia-integrated midbrain organoids to model chronic morphine withdrawal, identifying immune responses and mitochondrial changes in microglia.

Microglia coordinate activity-dependent protein synthesis in neurons through metabolic coupling

The paper shows microglia support neuronal protein synthesis by coordinating metabolic coupling in response to increased demand from motor tasks.

Transcriptional and neuroprotective effects of hexokinase-2 inhibitors administered afterstroke

This study evaluates hexokinase-2 inhibitors' effects on post-stroke inflammation and neuroprotection, finding that selective inhibitors reduce microglial activation and improve functional outcomes.