interferon and immune responses

TLR3 Expression in Villus-Like Enterocytes Drives IFN-III Responses to Enteroviruses

This study shows that TLR3 in villus-like enterocytes drives IFN-III responses to enteroviruses, highlighting their role in antiviral defense.

Mechanistic Insights into Impaired cGAS Activation in Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Environments Reveal That STING Activation via 2'3'-cGAMP Restores Macrophage Immune Responses

This study identifies mechanisms by which Staphylococcus aureus biofilms impair cGAS-STING signaling in macrophages, showing that direct STING activation with 2'3'-cGAMP restores immune responses.

Species-specific regulation of porcine STING stability and antiviral signaling via its K61 mediated K48 ubiquitination and proteasome degradation

This study identifies K61-mediated K48 ubiquitination and proteasome degradation of porcine STING as a species-specific mechanism regulating antiviral signaling.

STING causes replication stress and nascent DNA degradation via SAMHD1

This study shows STING causes replication stress and nascent DNA degradation via SAMHD1 in progeria and tumor cells, revealing a STING-SAMHD1 axis that drives genome instability.

Endothelial Cell Expression of STINGV154M Gain-of-Function Mutation Delays the Resolution of UVB-induced Skin Injury

This study shows that endothelial cells with a STINGV154M mutation cause persistent skin inflammation after UVB exposure, linking STING activation to impaired myeloid cell recruitment and delayed inflammation resolution.

cGAS activation during human cytomegalovirus infection is driven by exogenous DNA

This study shows that cGAS-mediated IFN induction during HCMV infection is driven by exogenous DNA in viral preparations, not the encapsidated viral genome.

RIG-I Stimulation Enhances Effector Function and Proliferation of Primary Human CD8 T Cells

This study shows that RIG-I stimulation enhances CD8 T cell effector function and proliferation, both through IAV infection and 3p-dsRNA transfection.

Dissecting the interactions of the ISG15-USP18-STAT2 inhibitory complex

This study investigates the ISG15-USP18-STAT2 inhibitory complex's structure and function using AlphaFold and biochemical methods, revealing critical residues and patient mutations affecting its interaction.

Pluripotency Factors Modulate Interferon Signaling in Embryonic Stem Cells

This study shows that pluripotency factors in hESCs regulate negative interferon regulators, suppressing interferon signaling to maintain pluripotency while preserving antiviral resistance.

IFIT3 Associates with m⁶A-Modified RNA to Restrict Hepatitis C Virus Infection

This paper identifies IFIT3's preference for m⁶A-modified RNA to restrict HCV infection and reveals structural regions critical for RNA binding and antiviral activity.

A Multivalent Peptide-Polymer Conjugate Material Mimics STING to Therapeutically Activate Innate Immune Signaling

This paper develops a multivalent peptide-polymer conjugate that mimics STING to activate innate immune signaling and shows tumor regression in ovarian cancer models.

An interferon independent innate immune response to double stranded RNA in embryonic stem cells

This study identifies an IFN-independent innate immune response to dsRNA in mESCs, mediated by Dhx9, p53, and Stat1, which defends against dsRNA stresses and ZIKV infection.

Preclinical efficacy of a systemically-administered, second-generation STING agonist that promotes antitumour immunity in combination with radiotherapy

This study evaluates a second-generation STING agonist, BI-1703880, showing that combining it with radiotherapy enhances antitumour immunity and immune memory.

SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15 antagonizes the cGAS-STING-mediated antiviral innate immune responses

This study shows SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15 inhibits cGAS-STING-mediated antiviral responses by reducing cGAS and STING expression, thereby enhancing viral replication.

Viral replication and interferon responses in bronchial epithelia is enhanced by Th17 cells

This study shows Th17 cells enhance interferon responses and viral replication in bronchial epithelial cells from asthmatic children infected with rhinovirus-16.

STING-STAT3-SOX18 Axis Drives EndMT and Epigenetic Reprogramming in SAVI Lung Fibrosis

This study identifies a STING-STAT3-SOX18 axis driving EndMT and epigenetic reprogramming in SAVI lung fibrosis, suggesting STING as a therapeutic target.

Examining the impact of the Chlamydia muridarum-induced synthesis of IFN-β during genital tract infection

This study investigates the role of IFN-β in epithelial immune responses and chlamydial infection, showing it restricts bacterial growth and shapes immune responses.

DNA-PK interacts with cyclic dinucleotides and inhibits type I Interferon responses

The paper identifies DNA-PKcs as a regulator of cyclic dinucleotide signaling, showing it interacts with CDN and modulates STING activation and antiviral responses.

Interferon-β Coordinates Epithelial Immune Networks and Fibrotic Responses During Chlamydia muridarum Infection

This study investigates the role of IFN-β in coordinating epithelial immune networks and fibrotic responses during Chlamydia muridarum infection, showing that its absence leads to dysregulated inflammation and fibrosis.

Betrixaban Activates cGAS and ERVs to Promote Dual Nucleic-Sensing Antiviral Immunity

This paper shows Betrixaban activates cGAS and ERVs to trigger antiviral immunity through dual pathways, suggesting its repurposing as a broad-spectrum antiviral.

Type I and III interferons synergize with TNF to promote virally-triggered damage to the intestinal epithelium

The paper shows that IFN-β and IFN-λ, along with TNF, promote epithelial cell death in mice and human organoids, especially in those with ATG16L1 mutations, linking it to intestinal disease.

An autoimmunity-associated allele of PTPN22 enhances the innate immune response to promote protection against acute coronavirus infection

This study shows that the PTPN22 1858C>T allele enhances innate immunity and protects against acute coronavirus infection by improving NK cell function.

Aging-associated endo-lysosomal dysfunction drives inflammaging and neurodegeneration through the STING-IFN-I axis

This study shows that LRRK2 gain of function accelerates aging by causing endo-lysosomal dysfunction, leading to inflammation and neurodegeneration via the STING-IFN-I axis.

TRIM21 is a molecular rheostat for influenza A virus replication

This study shows TRIM21 acts as a molecular rheostat regulating influenza A virus replication by modulating ubiquitination and innate immune signaling, with PRKDC as a compensatory antiviral factor when TRIM21 is absent.

Host innate immune response profiling reveals hidden viral infections across diverse animal species

The paper develops a host-response-based framework to detect viral infections by analyzing ISG expression in RNA-seq data from diverse species, revealing hidden infections missed by conventional methods.

ISG15-USP18 signaling restrains viperin-dependent metabolic antiviral restriction

This study shows that ISG15-USP18 signaling limits viperin-dependent metabolic antiviral restriction by stabilizing USP18 and reducing viperin expression, thereby inhibiting viral replication.

Cell volume tunes macrophage innate inflammatory responses through promoting type I interferon signalling.

This study shows that cell volume changes in macrophages enhance type I interferon signaling and inflammation through a DNA- and STING-dependent mechanism.

Interferon-α and -β subtypes have temporally distinct roles in containing viral spread and protecting vital organs.

This study shows that IFN-β is critical for survival from ECTV and WNV infections, while IFN-α and other subtypes have distinct roles in controlling viral spread and organ protection.

STING agonist-mediated endothelial cell activation drives NK cells and neutrophils-dependent pulmonary inflammation

This study identifies the endothelial cell-NK cell-neutrophil axis as a key driver of STING agonist-induced pulmonary inflammation and toxicity.

Small aberrant viral genomes induce the innate immune response to arenaviruses

The paper identifies differences in innate immune responses to New World and Old World arenaviruses, linking small non-standard viral RNAs to immune activation.