Diabetes and associated disorders

Coxsackievirus B Escapes Antiviral CD8⁺ T Cells but Triggers Robust CD4⁺ Memory Responses

This study shows that Coxsackievirus B3 evades CD8+ T-cell immunity by downregulating HLA Class I and viral peptide presentation, while inducing robust CD4+ T-cell responses and memory formation.

BCL6 in T cells promotes type 1 diabetes by redirecting fates of insulin-autoreactive B lymphocytes

This paper shows that BCL6 in T cells promotes type 1 diabetes by enabling anti-insulin B cells to become pathogenic, and that blocking BCL6 in T cells prevents diabetes even when insulin-reactive B cells are present.

Tracking GAD-specific T-cell expansions in Type 1 diabetes by intradermal GAD-Alum challenge

This paper uses intradermal GAD-Alum challenge and scRNA-seq to identify and profile GAD-reactive T cells in type 1 diabetes.

Differences in immune cell profiles around the time of islet autoimmunity seroconversion in children with and without type 1 diabetes

The paper examines immune cell profiles around islet autoimmunity seroconversion in children with and without type 1 diabetes, finding differences in immune cell ratios that may reflect immune maturation disruptions.

Multitissue Multiomics Integration Reveals Tissue-Specific Pathways, Gene Networks, and Drug Candidates for Type 1 Diabetes

Spatial transcriptomics from pancreas and local draining lymph node tissue reveals a lymphotoxin-β signature in human type 1 diabetes

This study uses spatial transcriptomics to identify inflammation signatures in pancreas and lymph node tissues of T1D patients, highlighting LTB and other genes involved in disease pathogenesis.

Shared genetic and neuroimmune architecture links type 1 diabetes with neurocognitive traits

This paper identifies shared genetic and neuroimmune mechanisms linking type 1 diabetes with neurocognitive traits through genome-wide association and single-cell epigenomic analyses.

Role of small intronic RNAs in the crosstalk between immune cells and beta-cells during type 1 diabetes development

The paper identifies two small intronic RNAs, sinR-D and sinR-T, that are transferred between immune cells and beta-cells in type 1 diabetes, with sinR-D promoting beta-cell apoptosis.

Identification of a type 1 diabetes-associated T cell receptor repertoire signature from the human peripheral blood

The paper identifies TCR subsequence motifs associated with type 1 diabetes using deep learning and shows their enrichment in T1D individuals based on HLA risk alleles.

RIPK1 regulates beta-cell fate via actions on gene expression and kinase signaling in a mouse model of beta-cell self-reactivity

This study shows RIPK1 promotes beta-cell death in autoimmune diabetes by affecting gene expression and kinase signaling, suggesting it as a therapeutic target.

Integrated histopathology of the human pancreas throughout stages of type 1 diabetes progression

This study integrates histopathological data from the human pancreas across T1D stages to identify novel histopathological correlates, particularly in the prodromal stage.

Polymorphisms in Intron 1 of HLA-DRA Differentially Associate with Type 1 Diabetes and Celiac Disease and Implicate Involvement of Complement System Genes C4A and C4B

The paper identifies tri-SNP haplotypes in HLA-DRA associated with type 1 diabetes and celiac disease, and links them to differences in complement system genes C4A and C4B.

Differential immune- and apoptosis-related gene signatures in pancreatic alpha and beta cells contribute to their fate in type 1 diabetes

Islet amyloid disrupts MHC Class II antigen presentation and protects NOD mice from autoimmune diabetes.

This study shows that islet amyloid disrupts MHC Class II antigen presentation in islet macrophages, protecting NOD mice from autoimmune diabetes by reducing immune cell infiltration and antigen-specific T cell activation.

UTX coordinates TCF1 and STAT3 to control progenitor CD8+ T cell fate in autoimmune diabetes

This study identifies UTX's role in regulating progenitor CD8+ T cell fate in T1D by interacting with TCF1 and STAT3, showing its importance in autoimmune diabetes progression.

3D imaging of human pancreas suggests islet size and endocrine composition influence their loss in type 1 diabetes

The paper uses 3D imaging to analyze pancreatic islets in healthy and type 1 diabetes (T1D) individuals, finding that islet size and composition influence their loss in T1D.

An imbalance of naive and effector T-cell phenotypes in early type 1 diabetes across conventional and regulatory subsets

The paper identifies reduced effector and cytotoxic T-cell gene expression in early type 1 diabetes across multiple T-cell subsets using single-cell transcriptomics and flow cytometry.

A microenvironment-driven, HLA-II-associated insulin neoantigen elicits persistent memory T cell activation in diabetes

The paper identifies a microenvironment-driven neoantigen, C19S, in type 1 diabetes that activates persistent memory T cells through HLA-DQ8 recognition.

Stressed β-cells contribute to loss of peri-islet extracellular matrix in type 1 diabetes

This study shows stressed β-cells increase MMP-3, leading to loss of peri-islet ECM in T1D, suggesting MMP-3 inhibition could prevent islet death.

HLA-focused type 1 diabetes genetic risk prediction in populations of diverse ancestry

This paper develops ancestry-specific and combined HLA-focused genetic risk scores for type 1 diabetes and evaluates their performance across diverse populations.

Single-cell multiome and spatial profiling reveals pancreas cell type-specific gene regulatory programs driving type 1 diabetes progression

This study uses single-cell multiomics and spatial transcriptomics to identify gene regulatory programs in pancreatic cell types that drive type 1 diabetes progression.

Common Genetic Variants Modify Disease Risk and Clinical Presentation in Monogenic Diabetes

The paper shows that common genetic variants influence disease risk and severity in monogenic diabetes, modifying clinical outcomes in individuals with pathogenic variants.

Coxsackievirus B infection invokes unique cell-type specific responses in primary human pancreatic islets

This study investigates how Coxsackievirus B (CVB) infection affects different cell types in human pancreatic islets using single-cell RNA sequencing, revealing cell-specific transcriptional and functional responses.

Beta cell dysfunction occurs independently of insulitis in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis

This study shows that beta cell dysfunction occurs in type 1 diabetes independently of T cell infiltration, using human pancreas tissue slices from recently diagnosed patients.

Increased Inflammation as well as Decreased Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Translation Differentiate Pancreatic Islets of Pre-symptomatic Stage 1 Type 1 Diabetes and Non-diabetic Cases

Laser-microdissected islets of 3 multiple-autoantibody-positive stage 1 type 1 diabetes donors versus matched controls show 202 altered proteins: immune and glycolytic up, translation and ER-stress proteins down.

Immune perturbations in human pancreas lymphatic tissues prior to and after type 1 diabetes onset

The paper analyzes immune cell changes in human pancreas-draining lymphatic tissues before and after T1D onset, identifying proinflammatory patterns and genetic risk correlations.

BASTA, a simple whole blood assay for measuring beta-cell antigen specific CD4+ T-cell responses in type 1 diabetes

Islet-antigen reactive B cells display a unique phenotype and BCR repertoire in autoantibody positive and recent-onset type 1 diabetes patients

The paper identifies unique phenotypic and BCR repertoire features of pancreatic islet antigen-reactive B cells in prediabetic and recent-onset type 1 diabetes individuals compared to non-diabetic donors.

Reduced function of the adaptor SH2B3 promotes T1D via altered γc cytokine-regulated, T cell intrinsic immune tolerance

This study identifies SH2B3 as a critical regulator of T cell tolerance in T1D, showing that its deficiency enhances cytokine signaling and promotes islet destruction.

Investigating misclassification of type 1 diabetes in a population-based cohort of British Pakistanis and Bangladeshis using polygenic risk scores

This study estimates that ~6% of insulin-treated diabetic individuals with ambiguous features in British Pakistanis and Bangladeshis have T1D, highlighting the need for autoantibody and C-peptide testing.