Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

Necroptosis increases with age in the brain and contributes to age-related neuroinflammation

This study shows that necroptosis increases with age in the brain and contributes to age-related neuroinflammation in mice.

Sex differences and similarities in the neuroimmune response to central administration of poly I:C

This study examines sex differences in the neuroimmune response to poly I:C in mice, finding males exhibit stronger cytokine and IFN responses than females.

Capillary-associated microglia regulate vascular structure and function through PANX1-P2RY12 coupling

The paper identifies capillary-associated microglia (CAMs) and shows they regulate vascular structure and function via PANX1-P2RY12 signaling.

Microglia-neuron communication at nodes of Ranvier depends on neuronal activity through potassium release and contributes to myelin repair.

This study identifies nodes of Ranvier as a site of microglia-axon interaction, showing that neuronal activity and potassium release influence microglia behavior and myelin repair.

Weakly activated core inflammation pathways were identified as a central signaling mechanism contributing to the chronic neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease

CRISPRi screens in human astrocytes elucidate regulators of distinct inflammatory reactive states

The paper uses CRISPRi screens and single-cell transcriptomics in human astrocytes to identify regulators of inflammatory reactive states and their relevance in disease.

Microglia and Fn14 regulate transcription and chromatin accessibility in developing neurons

This study shows that Fn14 and microglia influence transcription and chromatin accessibility in developing neurons, affecting synaptic function and neural circuit refinement.

Astrocyte-derived TNF and glutamate critically modulate microglia reactivity by methamphetamine

This study shows that Meth exposure causes microglia reactivity through astrocyte-derived TNF and glutamate, affecting behavior in adult mice.

Arg1+ microglia are critical for shaping cognition in female mice

This study identifies Arg1+ microglia as a distinct subtype in female mice, showing their role in cognitive function through dendritic spine maturation and behavior.

Interleukin-33 coordinates a microglial phagocytic response and limits corticothalamic excitability and seizure susceptibility

This study identifies IL-33's role in microglial phagocytosis and its impact on synaptic refinement and seizure susceptibility in the developing brain.

An Open-Source Pipeline for Analyzing Changes In Microglial Morphology

The paper introduces an open-source pipeline for analyzing microglial morphology changes, using dimensionality reduction to generate an inflammation index, and demonstrates its application in a diet study with no significant effects found.

Antibiotic treatment induces activation of microglia and impairment of cholinergic gamma oscillations in the hippocampus

This study shows that antibiotic treatment in mice reduces synaptic transmission and cholinergic gamma oscillations in the hippocampus, linked to microglia activation and immune changes.

Neurotensin receptor 2 is induced in astrocytes and brain endothelial cells in relation to status epilepticus and neuroinflammation following pilocarpine administration in rats

This paper investigates the expression and regulation of NTSR2 in rat hippocampal astrocytes and endothelial cells during status epilepticus and neuroinflammation induced by pilocarpine.

Modest changes in Spi1 dosage reveal the potential for altered microglial function as seen in Alzheimers disease

This study shows that altering Spi1 levels in mouse microglia affects transcriptomic pathways, suggesting a link between Spi1 and AD-related immune responses.

TREM2 impacts brain microglia, oligodendrocytes and endothelial co-expression modules revealing genes and pathways important in Alzheimer s disease

This study identifies TREM2-dependent genes and pathways in Alzheimer's disease by analyzing RNA sequencing data from brain samples, revealing its impact on microglia, oligodendrocytes, and endothelial cells.

Minimizing the ex vivo confounds of cell-isolation techniques on transcriptomic profiles of purified microglia

The paper compares microglia isolation techniques and shows that transcription/translation inhibitors reduce ex vivo activation artifacts during cell preparation.

Brain-engrafted macrophages provide protection against therapeutic irradiation and secondary concussive injury

This study shows that brain-engrafted macrophages protect against radiation-induced cognitive deficits and concussive injury by replacing microglia and altering their functional properties.

In vivo imaging of the kinetics of microglial self-renewal and maturation in the adult visual cortex

This study uses in vivo imaging to show that microglia rapidly self-renew locally in the adult visual cortex without requiring a progenitor cell or developmental maturation.

Loss of TREM2 reduces hyperactivation of progranulin deficient microglia but not lysosomal pathology

This study shows that TREM2 deficiency reduces microglial hyperactivation in GRN-deficient models but does not rescue lysosomal dysfunction or neurodegeneration biomarkers.

Inverse Density of Iba1 and Glutamine Synthetase Expressing Glia in Rat Inferior Colliculus

The paper quantifies the density of Iba1 and GS expressing glia in rat inferior colliculus, revealing inverse density patterns across sub-regions.

Spatiotemporal characterization of glial cell activation in an Alzheimer's disease model by spatially resolved transcriptome

This study characterizes spatiotemporal glial cell activation in an Alzheimer's disease model, revealing early white matter changes and later gray matter involvement.

Microglial signalling pathway deficits associated with the R47H TREM2 variant linked to AD indicate inability to activate inflammasome

The paper shows that the R47H TREM2 variant impairs microglial signaling and inflammasome activation, potentially contributing to Alzheimer's disease progression.

Conservation and divergence of vulnerability and responses to stressors between human and mouse astrocytes

The paper compares gene expression and stress responses in human and mouse astrocytes, finding conserved and divergent features that may explain differences in disease models.

A CRISPRi/a platform in iPSC-derived microglia uncovers regulators of disease states

This study uses a CRISPRi/a platform in iPSC-derived microglia to identify genes regulating microglia states and their therapeutic targets.

Microglial and Astrocyte priming in the APP/PS1 model of Alzheimer’s Disease: increased vulnerability to acute inflammation and cognitive deficits

This study shows that in the APP/PS1 AD mouse model, microglia and astrocytes are primed to produce exaggerated inflammatory responses to secondary stimuli, leading to cognitive impairments.

Gene regulatory networks underlying human microglia maturation

This study defines age-specific brain environmental factors driving microglia phenotypes through transcriptomic and epigenomic analysis of human fetal and postnatal microglia.

Replicative senescence dictates the emergence of disease-associated microglia and contributes to Abeta pathology

This study shows that excessive microglial proliferation in Alzheimer's disease leads to replicative senescence and disease-associated microglia, contributing to Aβ pathology.

A map of transcriptional heterogeneity and regulatory variation in human microglia

The paper profiles gene expression in human microglia from 141 patients, identifies population shifts in acute brain injury, maps eQTLs, and fine-maps Alzheimer's risk variants using hIPSC-derived macrophages.

CDC50A dependent phosphatidylserine exposure induces inhibitory post-synapse elimination by microglia

The paper shows that CDC50A-dependent phosphatidylserine exposure acts as an 'eat-me' signal for microglia to eliminate inhibitory post-synapses.

Transcriptional landscape of human microglia reveals robust gene expression signatures that implicates age, sex and APOE-related immunometabolic pathway perturbations

The paper characterizes human microglia transcriptomes and identifies gene expression signatures linked to age, sex, and APOE-ε4, revealing immunometabolic pathway perturbations in neurodegeneration.